Related WordNet synsets for SUMO concept FloweringPlant

More specialized WordNet synsets

seedling

young plant or tree grown from a seed

annual

a plant that completes its entire life cycle within the space of a year

balsam

any seed plant yielding balsam

biennial

a plant having a life cycle that normally takes two seasons from germination to death to complete; flowering biennials usually bloom and fruit in the second season

perennial

a plant lasting for three seasons or more

liliid monocot family

family of monocotyledonous plants of the subclass Liliidae; mostly herbs usually with petaloid sepals and petals and compound pistils

gymnosperm family

a family of gymnosperms

gymnosperm genus

a genus of gymnosperms

monocot family, liliopsid family

family of flowering plants having a single cotyledon (embryonic leaf) in the seed

monocot genus, liliopsid genus

genus of flowering plants having a single cotyledon (embryonic leaf) in the seed

dicot family, magnoliopsid family

family of flowering plants having two cotyledons (embryonic leaves) in the seed which usually appear at germination

liliid monocot genus

genus of monocotyledonous plants comprising mostly herbs having usually petaloid sepals and petals and compound pistils

magnoliid dicot family

family of dicotyledonous flowering plants regarded as among the most primitive of extant angiosperms

hamamelid dicot family

family of mostly woody dicotyledonous flowering plants with flowers often unisexual and often borne in catkins

caryophylloid dicot family

family of relatively early dicotyledonous plants including mostly flowers

dicot genus, magnoliopsid genus

genus of flowering plants having two cotyledons (embryonic leaves) in the seed which usually appear at germination

dilleniid dicot family

family of more or less advanced dicotyledonous trees and shrubs and herbs

asterid dicot family

family of more or less advanced dicotyledonous herbs and some trees and shrubs

rosid dicot family

a family of dicotyledonous plants

magnoliid dicot genus

genus of dicotyledonous flowering plants regarded as among the most primitive of extant angiosperms

hamamelid dicot genus

genus of mostly woody relatively primitive dicotyledonous flowering plants with flowers often unisexual and often borne in catkins

caryophylloid dicot genus

genus of relatively early dicotyledonous plants including mostly flowers

Gymnospermae, class Gymnospermae, Gymnospermophyta, division Gymnospermophyta

plants having naked seeds not enclosed in an ovary; in some systems considered a class (Gymnospermae) and in others a division (Gymnospermophyta); comprises three subdivisions (or classes): Cycadophytina (class Cycadopsida) and Gnetophytina (class Gnetopsida) and Coniferophytina (class Coniferopsida); in some classifications the Coniferophytina are divided into three groups: Pinophytina (class Pinopsida) and Ginkgophytina (class Ginkgopsida) and Taxophytina (class Taxopsida)

dilleniid dicot genus

genus of more or less advanced dicotyledonous trees and shrubs and herbs

asterid dicot genus

genus of more or less advanced dicotyledonous herbs and some trees and shrubs

rosid dicot genus

a genus of dicotyledonous plants

gymnosperm

plants of the class Gymnospermae having seeds not enclosed in an ovary

Gnetopsida, class Gnetopsida, Gnetophytina, subdivision Gnetophytina, Gnetophyta

gymnospermous flowering plants; supposed link between conifers and angiosperms; in some systems classified as as class (Gnetopsida) and in others as a subdivision (Gnetophytina or Gnetophyta)

progymnosperm

an ancestral fossil type from which modern gymnosperms are thought to have derived

Gnetales, order Gnetales

chiefly tropical or xerophytic woody plants; practically unknown as fossils but considered close to the ancestral line of angiosperms

Gnetaceae, family Gnetaceae

plants having small unisexual flowers and fleshy or winged fruit: in some classifications includes the genera Ephedra and Welwitschia as well as Gnetum

gnetum, Gnetum gnemon

small tropical tree with tiered branches and divaricate branchlets having broad glossy dark green leaves; exploited for its edible young leaves and seeds that provide a fine flour

genus Gnetum

type genus of the Gnetaceae; small trees or shrubs usually with climbing jointed stems and terminal spikes of flowers with orange-red seeds clustered in rough cones

Ephedraceae, family Ephedraceae

ephedras: in some classifications included in the Gnetaceae

ephedra, joint fir

jointed and nearly leafless desert shrub having reduced scalelike leaves and reddish fleshy seeds

genus Ephedra

type and sole genus of Ephedraceae: tropical and subtropical evergreen shrubby or creeping plants native to dry and inhospitable regions

genus Welwitschia, genus Welwitchia

type and sole genus of Welwitschiaceae

mahuang, Ephedra sinica

Chinese ephedra yielding ephedrine

Welwitschiaceae, family Welwitschiaceae

in some classifications included in the Gnetaceae

Cycadales, order Cycadales

primitive tropical gymnosperms abundant in the Mesozoic, now reduced to a few scattered tropical forms

welwitschia, Welwitschia mirabilis

curious plant of arid regions of southwestern Africa having a yard-high and yard-wide turniplike trunk with a deep taproot and two large persistent woody straplike leaves growing from the base; living relic of a flora long disappeared; some may be 700-5000 years old

Cycadopsida, class Cycadopsida, Cycadophytina, subdivision Cycadophytina, Cycadophyta, subdivision Cycadophyta

palmlike gymnosperms: includes the surviving order Cycadales and several extinct orders; possibly not a natural group; in some systems considered a class (Cycadopsida) and in others a subdivision (Cycadophytina or Cycadophyta)

cycad

any tropical gymnosperm of the order Cycadales; having unbranched stems with a crown of fernlike leaves

Cycadaceae, family Cycadaceae, cycad family

ancient palmlike plants closely related to ferns in that fertilization is by means of spermatozoids

Cycas, genus Cycas

type genus of Cycadaceae: genus of widely distributed Old World evergreen tropical trees having pinnate leaves and columnar stems covered with persistent bases of old leaves

sago palm, Cycas revoluta

dwarf palmlike cycad of Japan that yields sago

false sago, fern palm, Cycas circinalis

southeastern Indian cycad with palmlike foliage

Zamiaceae, family Zamiaceae, zamia family

a family of cycads often included in the family Cycadaceae: zamias

genus Zamia

genus of small evergreen tropical and subtropocal American cycads

zamia

any of various cycads of the genus Zamia; among the smallest and most verdant cycads

genus Ceratozamia

small genus of Mexican cycads; sometimes classified in family Cycadaceae

coontie, Florida arrowroot, Seminole bread, Zamia pumila

small tough woody zamia of Florida and West Indies and Cuba; roots and half-buried stems yield an arrowroot

ceratozamia

a small cycad of the genus Ceratozamia having a short scaly woody trunk and fernlike foliage and woody cones; Mexico

dioon

any cycad of the genus Dioon; handsome palmlike cycads with robust crowns of leaves and rugged trunks

genus Dioon

small genus of arborescent cycads of Mexico and Central America; sometimes classified in family Cycadaceae

genus Encephalartos

genus of arborescent African cycads; sometimes classified in family_Cycadaceae

kaffir bread, Encephalartos caffer

South African cycad; the farinaceous pith of the fruit used as food

encephalartos

any of numerous cycads of the genus Encephalartos having stout cylindrical trunks and a terminal crown of long often spiny pinnate leaves

genus Macrozamia

genus of large evergreen Australian cycads; sometimes classified in family Cycadaceae

macrozamia

any treelike cycad of the genus Macrozamia having erect trunks and pinnate leaves and large cones with sometimes edible nuts; Australia

Bennettitaceae, family Bennettitaceae

a family of fossil gymnospermous plants of the Carboniferous

burrawong, Macrozamia communis

large attractive palmlike evergreen cycad of New South Wales

burrawong, Macrozamia spiralis

large attractive palmlike evergreen cycad of New South Wales

Bennettitales, order Bennettitales

fossil gymnospermous plants of the Carboniferous

Pteridospermopsida, class Pteridospermopsida

extinct gymnosperms most of Carboniferous to Jurassic: seed ferns and allies

Bennettitis, genus Bennettitis

type of the Bennettitales

Cycadofilicales, order Cycadofilicales, Lyginopteridales, order Lyginopteridales

fossil gymnospermous trees or climbing plants from the Devonian: seed ferns

Pteridospermae, group Pteridospermae, Pteridospermaphyta, group Pteridospermaphyta

used in some classification systems: a group of extinct fossil gymnosperms coextensive with the order Cycadofilicales

Coniferopsida, class Coniferopsida, Coniferophytina, subdivision Coniferophytina, Coniferophyta

cone-bearing gymnosperms dating from the Carboniferous period; most are substantial trees; includes the classes Pinopsida (subdivision Pinophytina) and Ginkgopsida (subdivision Ginkgophytina) and Taxopsida (subdivision Taxophytina) which in turn include the surviving orders Coniferales and Taxales (yews) and sometimes Ginkgoales as well as extinct orders such as Cordaitales (of the Carboniferous and Permian) and Volztiales (of the Permian-Jurassic)

Lyginopteris, genus Lyginopteris

genus of fossil seed ferns of the Carboniferous

seed fern, pteridosperm

an extinct seed-producing fernlike plant of the order Cycadofilicales (or group Pteridospermae)

Cordaitales, order Cordaitales

extinct plants having tall arborescent trunks comparable to or more advanced than cycads; known from the Pennsylvanian; probably extinct since the Mesozoic

Pinopsida, class Pinopsida, Pinophytina, subdivision Pinophytina

most conifers: in some systems classified as a class (Pinopsida) and in others as a subdivision (Pinophytina); used in some classifications for one of five subdivisions of Gymnospermophyta

Cordaitaceae, family Cordaitaceae

chiefly Paleozoic plants; Cordaites is the chief and typical genus

Cordaites, genus Cordaites

tall Paleozoic trees superficially resembling modern screw pines; structurally intermediate in some ways between cycads and conifers

Coniferales, order Coniferales

profusely branching and chiefly evergreen trees and some shrubs having narrow or needlelike leaves

Pinus, genus Pinus

type genus of the Pinaceae: large genus of true pines

Pinaceae, family Pinaceae, pine family

a family of Pinaceae

pine, pine tree, true pine

a coniferous tree

pine

straight-grained durable and often resinous white to yellowish timber of any of numerous trees of the genus Pinus

pinon, pinyon

any of several low-growing pines of western North America

nut pine

any of several pinons bearing edible nutlike seeds

pinon pine, Mexican nut pine, Pinus cembroides

small 2- or 3-needled pinon of Mexico and southern Texas

Parry's pinyon, Pinus quadrifolia, Pinus parryana

5-needled pinon of southern California and northern Baja California having (sometimes 3- or 4-needled showing hybridization from Pinus californiarum)

Rocky mountain pinon, Pinus edulis

small compact 2-needled pinon of southwestern United States; important as a nut pine

single-leaf, single-leaf pine, single-leaf pinyon, Pinus monophylla

pinon of southwestern United States having solitary needles and often many stems; important as a nut pine

bishop pine, bishop's pine, Pinus muricata

2- or 3-needled pinon mostly of northwestern California coast

California single-leaf pinyon, Pinus californiarum

very small tree similar to Rocky_mountain_pinon but having a single needle per fascicle; similar to Parry's pinyon in range

pond pine, Pinus serotina

large 3-needled pine of sandy swamps of southeastern United States; needles longer than those of the northern pitch pine

spruce pine, Pinus glabra

large 2-needled pine of southeastern United States with light soft wood

black pine, Pinus nigra

large 2-needled timber pine of southeastern Europe

pitch pine, northern pitch pine, Pinus rigida

large 3-needled pine of the eastern United States and southeastern Canada; closely related to the pond pine

stone pine, umbrella pine, European nut pine, Pinus pinea

medium-sized 2-needled pine of southern Europe having a spreading crown; widely cultivated for its sweet almond-like seeds

Swiss pine, Swiss stone pine, arolla pine, cembra nut tree, Pinus cembra

large 5-needled European pine; yields cembra nuts and a resinous exudate

Swiss mountain pine, mountain pine, dwarf mountain pine, mugho pine, mugo pine, Pinus mugo

low shrubby pine of central Europe with short bright green needles in bunches of two

ancient pine, Pinus longaeva

small slow-growing pine of western United States similar to the bristlecone pine; chocolate brown bark in plates and short needles in bunches of 5; crown conic but becoming rough and twisted; oldest plant in the world growing to 5000 years in cold semi-desert mountain tops

western white pine, silver pine, mountain pine, Pinus monticola

tall pine of western North America with stout blue-green needles; bark is gray-brown with rectangular plates when mature

white pine

any of several 5-needled pines with white wood and smooth usually light gray bark when young; especially the eastern white pine

American white pine, eastern white pine, weymouth pine, Pinus strobus

tall-growing pine of eastern North America; bark is brown with longitudinal fissures when mature; valued as a timber tree

southwestern white pine, Pinus strobiformis

medium-size pine of northwestern Mexico; bark is dark brown and furrowed when mature

limber pine, Pinus flexilis

western North American pine with long needles and very flexible limbs and dark-gray furrowed bark

yellow pine

any of various pines having yellow wood

whitebark pine, whitebarked pine, Pinus albicaulis

small pine of western North America; having smooth gray-white bark and soft brittle wood; similar to limber pine

ponderosa, ponderosa pine, western yellow pine, bull pine, Pinus ponderosa

common and widely distributed tall timber pine of western North America having dark green needles in bunches of 2 to 5 and thick bark with dark brown plates when mature

Jeffrey pine, Jeffrey's pine, black pine, Pinus jeffreyi

tall symmetrical pine of western North America having long blue-green needles in bunches of 3 and elongated cones on spreading somewhat pendulous branches; sometimes classified as a variety of ponderosa pine

red pine, Canadian red pine, Pinus resinosa

pine of eastern North America having long needles in bunches of two and reddish bark

shore pine, lodgepole, lodgepole pine, spruce pine, Pinus contorta

shrubby 2-needled pine of coastal northwestern United States; red to yellow-brown bark fissured into small squares

Sierra lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta murrayana

tall subspecies of lodgepole pine

loblolly pine, frankincense pine, Pinus taeda

tall spreading 3-needled pine of southeastern United States having reddish-brown fissured bark and a full bushy upper head

jack pine, Pinus banksiana

slender medium-sized 2-needled pine of eastern North America; with yellow-green needles and scaly gray to red-brown fissured bark

swamp pine

any of several pines that prefer or endure moist situations such as loblolly pine or longleaf pine

longleaf pine, pitch pine, southern yellow pine, Georgia pine, Pinus palustris

large 3-needled pine of southeastern United States having very long needles and gnarled twisted limbs; bark is red-brown deeply ridgedged; an important timber tree

shortleaf pine, short-leaf pine, shortleaf yellow pine, Pinus echinata

large pine of southrn United States having short needles in bunches of 2-3 and red-brown bark when mature

Scotch pine, Scots pine, Scotch fir, Pinus sylvestris

medium large 2-needled pine of northern Europe and Asia having flaking red-brown bark

scrub pine, Virginia pine, Jersey pine, Pinus virginiana

common small shrubby pine of the eastern United States having straggling often twisted or branches and short needles in bunches of 2

Monterey pine, Pinus radiata

tall California pine with long needles in bunches of 3, a dense crown, and dark brown deeply fissured bark

bristlecone pine, Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine, Pinus aristata

small slow-growing upland pine of western United States (Rocky Mountains) having dense branches with fissured rust-brown bark and short needles in bunches of 5 and thorn-tipped cone scales; among the oldest living things some over 4500 years old

table-mountain pine, prickly pine, hickory pine, Pinus pungens

small 2-needled upland pine of the eastern United States (Appalachians) having dark brown flaking bark and thorn-tipped cone scales

knobcone pine, Pinus attenuata

medium-sized 3-needled pine of United States Pacific coast having a prominent knob on each scale of the cone

Japanese red pine, Japanese table pine, Pinus densiflora

pine native to Japan and Korea having a wide-spreading irregular crown when mature; grown as an ornamental

Japanese black pine, black pine, Pinus thunbergii

large Japanese ornamental having long needles in bunches of 2; widely planted in United States because of its resistance to salt and smog

American larch, tamarack, black larch, Larix laricina

medium-sized larch of Canada and northern United States including Alaska having a broad conic crown and rust-brown scaly bark

Torrey pine, Torrey's pine, soledad pine, gray-leaf pine, sabine pine, Pinus torreyana

medium-sized 5-needled pine of southwestern California having long cylindrical cones

Larix, genus Larix

larches

larch, larch tree

any of numerous conifers of the genus Larix all having deciduous needlelike leaves

subalpine larch, Larix lyallii

medium-sized larch of North American Rocky Mountains; closely related to Larix_occidentalis

western larch, western tamarack, Oregon larch, Larix occidentalis

tall larch of western North America have pale green sharply pointed leaves and oblong cones; an important timber tree

Siberian larch, Larix siberica, Larix russica

medium-sized larch of northeastern Russia and Siberia having narrowly conic crown and soft narrow bright-green leaves; used in cultivation

European larch, Larix decidua

tall European tree having a slender conic crown, flat needlelike leaves, and hairy cone scales

silver fir

any of various true firs having leaves white or silvery white beneath

Pseudolarix, genus Pseudolarix

one species: golden larch

golden larch, Pseudolarix amabilis

Chinese larchlike deciduous conifer with golden yellow leaves

Abies, genus Abies

true firs

fir, fir tree, true fir

any of various evergreen trees of the genus Abies; chiefly of upland areas

amabilis fir, white fir, Pacific silver fir, red silver fir, Christmas tree, Abies amabilis

medium to tall fir of western North America having a conic crown and branches in tiers; leaves smell of orange when crushed

European silver fir, Christmas tree, Abies alba

tall timber tree of central and southern Europe having a regular crown and gray bark

white fir, Colorado fir, California white fir, Abies concolor, Abies lowiana

medium to tall fir of central to western United States having a narrow erect crown and soft wood

balsam fir, balm of Gilead, Canada balsam, Abies balsamea

medium-sized fir of northeastern North America; leaves smell of balsam when crushed; much used for pulpwood and Christmas trees

Fraser fir, Abies fraseri

small fast-growing but short-lived fir of southern Alleghenies similar to balsam fir but with very short leaves

Alpine fir, subalpine fir, Abies lasiocarpa

medium-tall Rocky Mountain timber tree having a narrow-conic tocolumnar crown

lowland fir, lowland white fir, giant fir, grand fir, Abies grandis

lofty fir of the Pacific coast of northwestern America having long curving branches and deep green leaves

Santa Lucia fir, bristlecone fir, Abies bracteata, Abies venusta

a pyramidal fir of southwestern California having spiny pointed leaves and cone scales with long spines

Cedrus, genus Cedrus

true cedars

cedar, cedar tree, true cedar

any cedar of the genus Cedrus

cedar of Lebanon, Cedrus libani

cedar of Lebanon and northwestern Syria that attains great age and height

deodar, deodar cedar, Himalayan cedar, Cedrus deodara

tall East Indian cedar having spreading branches with nodding tips; highly valued for its appearance as well as its timber

Atlas cedar, Cedrus atlantica

tall Algerian evergreen of Atlas mountains with blue-green leaves; widely planted as an ornamental

Picea, genus Picea

a genus of temperate and arctic evergreen trees (see spruce)

spruce

any coniferous tree of the genus Picea

Norway spruce, Picea abies

tall pyramidal spruce native to northern Europe having dark green foliage on spreading branches with pendulous branchlets and long pendulous cones

spruce

light soft moderately strong wood of spruce trees; used especially for timbers and millwork

weeping spruce, Brewer's spruce, Picea breweriana

medium-sized spruce of California and Oregon having pendulous branches

Engelmann spruce, Engelmann's spruce, Picea engelmannii

tall spruce of Rocky Mountains and British Columbia with blue-green needles and acutely conic crown; wood used for rough lumber and boxes

Siberian spruce, Picea obovata

tall spruce of northern Europe and Asia; resembles Norway spruce

white spruce, Picea glauca

medium-sized spruce of northeastern North America having short blue-green leaves and slender cones

black spruce, Picea mariana, spruce pine

small spruce of boggy areas of northeastern North America having spreading branches with dense foliage; inferior wood

oriental spruce, Picea orientalis

evergreen tree of the Caucasus and Asia Minor used as an ornamental having pendulous branchlets

red spruce, eastern spruce, yellow spruce, Picea rubens

medium-sized spruce of eastern North America; chief lumber spruce of the area; source of pulpwood

Colorado spruce, Colorado blue spruce, silver spruce, Picea pungens

tall spruce with blue-green needles and dense conic crown; older trees become columnar with lower branches sweeping downward

Tsuga, genus Tsuga

hemlock; hemlock fir; hemlock spruce

hemlock, hemlock tree

an evergreen tree

eastern hemlock, Canadian hemlock, spruce pine, Tsuga canadensis

common forest tree of the eastern United States and Canada; used especially for pulpwood

Carolina hemlock, Tsuga caroliniana

medium-sized evergreen of southeastern United States having spreading branches and widely diverging cone scales

mountain hemlock, black hemlock, Tsuga mertensiana

large evergreen of western United States; wood much harder than Canadian hemlock

western hemlock, Pacific hemlock, west coast hemlock, Tsuga heterophylla

tall evergreen of western North America; commercially important timber tree

Pseudotsuga, genus Pseudotsuga

douglas fir; closely related to genera Larix and Cathaya

douglas fir

tall evergreen timber tree of western North America having resinous wood and short needles

green douglas fir, douglas spruce, douglas pine, douglas hemlock, Oregon fir, Oregon pine, Pseudotsuga menziesii

lofty douglas fir of northwestern North America having short needles and egg-shaped cones

big-cone spruce, big-cone douglas fir, Pseudotsuga macrocarpa

douglas fir of California having cones 4-8 inches long

Cathaya

Chinese evergreen conifer discovered in 1955; not yet cultivated elsewhere

genus Cathaya

one species; related to Pseudotsuga and Larix

Cupressaceae, family Cupressaceae, cypress family

cypresses and junipers and many cedars

cypress, cypress tree

any of numerous evergreen conifers of the genus Cupressus of north temperate regions having dark scalelike leaves and rounded cones

cedar, cedar tree

any of numerous trees of the family Cupressaceae that resemble cedars

Cupressus, genus Cupressus

type genus of Cupressaceae

cypress

wood of any of various cypress trees especially of the genus Cupressus

pygmy cypress, Cupressus pigmaea, Cupressus goveniana pigmaea

rare small cypress native to northern California; sometimes considered the same species as gowen cypress

gowen cypress, Cupressus goveniana

small sometimes shrubby tree native to California; often used as an ornamental; in some classification systems includes the Pygmy cypress and the Santa Cruz cypress

Arizona cypress, Cupressus arizonica

Arizona timber tree with bluish silvery foliage

Santa Cruz cypress, Cupressus abramsiana, Cupressus goveniana abramsiana

rare California cypress taller than but closely related to gowen cypress and sometimes considered the same species

Guadalupe cypress, Cupressus gualalupensis

relatively low wide-spreading endemic on Guadalupe Island; cultivated for its bluish foliage

Mexican cypress, cedar of Goa, Portuguese cypress, Cupressus lusitanica

tall spreading evergreen native to Mexico having drooping branches; believed to have been introduced into Portugal from Goa its Indian territory

Monterey cypress, Cupressus macrocarpa

tall California cypress endemic on Monterey Bay; widely used for ornament as well as reforestation and shelterbelt planting

Italian cypress, Mediterranean cypress, Cupressus sempervirens

tall Eurasian cypress with thin gray bark and ascending branches

King William pine, Athrotaxis selaginoides

evergreen of Tasmanian mountains having sharp-pointed leaves the curve inward

Athrotaxis, genus Athrotaxis

a genus of Athrotaxes

Austrocedrus, genus Austrocedrus

one species; formerly included in genus Libocedrus

Chilean cedar, Austrocedrus chilensis

small well-shaped South American evergreen having coppery bark and pretty foliage

Callitris, genus Callitris

evergreen monoecious coniferous trees or shrubs: cypress pines

Port Jackson pine, Callitris cupressiformis

Australian cypress pine having globular cones

cypress pine

any of several evergreen trees or shrubs of Australia and northern New Caledonia

white cypress pine, Callitris glaucophylla, Callitris glauca

small tree or shrub of southern Australia

black cypress pine, red cypress pine, Callitris endlicheri, Callitris calcarata

Australian tree with small flattened scales as leaves and numerous dark brown seed; valued for its timber and resin

stringybark pine, Callitris parlatorei

Australian cypress pine with fibrous inner bark

Calocedrus, genus Calocedrus

tall evergreens of western North America and eastern Asia; formerly included in genus Libocedrus

southern white cedar, coast white cedar, Atlantic white cedar, white cypress, white cedar, Chamaecyparis thyoides

slow-growing medium-sized cedar of east coast of the United States; resembles American arborvitae

incense cedar, red cedar, Calocedrus decurrens, Libocedrus decurrens

tall tree of North American Pacific coast having cypress-like foliage and cinnamon-red bark

Chamaecyparis, genus Chamaecyparis

a genus of Chamaecyparis

Oregon cedar, Port Orford cedar, Lawson's cypress, Lawson's cedar, Chamaecyparis lawsoniana

large timber tree of western North America with trunk diameter to 12 feet and height to 200 feet

yellow cypress, yellow cedar, Nootka cypress, Alaska cedar, Chamaecyparis nootkatensis

tall evergreen of North American Pacific coast often cultivated for ornament

Japanese cedar, Japan cedar, sugi, Cryptomeria japonica

tall evergreen of Japan and China yielding valuable soft wood

Cryptomeria, genus Cryptomeria

Japanese cedar; sugi

Juniperus, genus Juniperus

junipers

juniper

coniferous shrub or small tree with berrylike cones

pencil cedar, pencil cedar tree

any of several junipers with wood suitable for making pencils

Bermuda cedar, Juniperus bermudiana

ornamental densely pyramidal juniper of Bermuda; fairly large for a juniper

eastern red cedar, red cedar, red juniper, Juniperus virginiana

small juniper found east of Rocky Mountains having a conic crown, brown bark that peels in shreds, and small sharp needles

east African cedar, Juniperus procera

tropical African timber tree with fragrant wood

southern red cedar, Juniperus silicicola

juniper of swampy coastal regions of southeastern United States; similar to eastern red cedar

common juniper, Juniperus communis

densely branching shrub or small tree having pungent blue berries used to flavor gin; widespread in northern hemisphere; only conifer on coasts of Iceland and Greenland

dwarf juniper, savin, Juniperus sabina

procumbant or spreading juniper

ground cedar, dwarf juniper, Juniperus communis depressa

a procumbant variety of th common juniper

creeping juniper, Juniperus horizontalis

low to prostrate shrub of Canada and northern United States; bronzed purple in winter

Mexican juniper, drooping juniper, Juniperus flaccida

small tree of western Texas and mountains of Mexico having spreading branches with drooping branchlets

kawaka, Libocedrus plumosa

New Zealand timber tree resembling the cypress

Libocedrus, genus Libocedrus

cypresses that resemble cedars

incense cedar

any of several attractive trees of southwestern South America and New Zealand and New Caledonia having glossy evergreen leaves and scented wood

pahautea, Libocedrus bidwillii, mountain pine

evergreen tree of New Zealand resembling the kawaka

Taxodiaceae, subfamily Taxodiaceae, redwood family

coniferous trees; traditionally considered an independent family though recently included in Cupressaceae in some classification systems

metasequoia, dawn redwood, Metasequoia glyptostrodoides

large fast-growing Chinese monoecious tree having flat bright-green deciduous leaves and small globular cones; commonly cultivated in United States as an ornamental; known as a fossil before being discovered in China

genus Metasequoia

genus of deciduous conifers comprising both living and fossil forms; 1 extant species: dawn redwood of China; variously classified as member of Pinaceae or Taxodiaceae

genus Sequoia

redwoods; until recently considered a genus of a separate family Taxodiaceae

sequoia, redwood

either of two huge coniferous California trees that reach a height of 300 feet; sometimes placed in the Taxodiaceae

California redwood, coast redwood, Sequoia sempervirens

lofty evergreen of United States coastal foothills from Oregon to Big Sur

Sequoiadendron, genus Sequoiadendron

giant sequoias; sometimes included in the genus Sequoia; until recently placed in the Taxodiaceae

giant sequoia, big tree, Sierra redwood, Sequoiadendron giganteum, Sequoia gigantea, Sequoia Wellingtonia

extremely lofty evergreen of southern end of western foothills of Sierra Nevada in California; largest living organism

bald cypress, swamp cypress, pond bald cypress, southern cypress, Taxodium distichum

common cypress of southeastern United States having trunk expanded at base; found in coastal swamps and flooding river bottoms

Taxodium, genus Taxodium

bald cypress; swamp cypress

pond cypress, bald cypress, Taxodium ascendens

smaller than and often included in the closely related Taxodium distichum

sandarac, sandarac tree, Tetraclinis articulata, Callitris quadrivalvis

large coniferous evergreen tree of North Africa and Spain having flattened branches and scalelike leaves yielding a hard fragrant wood; bark yields a resin used in varnishes

Montezuma cypress, Mexican swamp cypress, Taxodium mucronatum

cypress of river valleys of Mexican highlands

Tetraclinis, genus Tetraclinis

sandarac tree

sandarac, sandarach

a brittle and faintly aromatic translucent resin used in varnishes

arborvitae

any of several Asian and North American conifers of the genera Thuja and Thujopsis

Thuja, genus Thuja

red cedar

western red cedar, red cedar, canoe cedar, Thuja plicata

large valuable arborvitae of northwestern United States

American arborvitae, northern white cedar, white cedar, Thuja occidentalis

small evergreen of eastern North America having tiny scalelike leaves on flattened branchlets

Oriental arborvitae, Thuja orientalis, Platycladus orientalis

Asiatic shrub or small tree widely planted in United States and Europe; in some classifications assigned to its own genus Platycladus

Thujopsis, genus Thujopsis

one species; has close similarity to genus Thuja

Araucariaceae, family Araucariaceae, araucaria family

tall evergreen cone-bearing trees of South America and Australia with broad leathery leaves; in some classifications included in the Pinaceae

hiba arborvitae, Thujopsis dolobrata

slow-growing medium-large Japanese evergreen used as an ornamental

genus Keteleeria

a genus of Keteleeria

keteleeria

Asiatic conifers resembling firs

Wollemi pine

newly discovered (1994) pine thought to have been long extinct; Australia; genus and species names not yet assigned

araucaria

any of several tall South American or Australian trees with large cones and edible seeds

genus Araucaria

a genus of Araucaria

monkey puzzle, chile pine, Araucaria araucana

large Chilean evergreen conifer having intertwined branches and bearing edible nuts

norfolk island pine, Araucaria heterophylla, Araucaria excelsa

evergreen of Australia and Norfolk Island in the South Pacific

new caledonian pine, Araucaria columnaris

very tall evergreen of New Caledonia and the New Hebrides similar to norfolk island pine

hoop pine, moreton bay pine, Araucaria cunninghamii

pine of Australia and New Guinea; yields a valuable light even-textured wood

bunya bunya, bunya bunya tree, Araucaria bidwillii

Australian conifer bearing two-inch seeds tasting like roasted chestnuts; among the aborigines the tree is hereditary property protected by law

kauri pine, dammar pine

any of various trees of the genus Agathis; yield dammar resin

Agathis, genus Agathis

kauri pine

kauri, kaury, Agathis australis

tall timber tree of New Zealand having white straight-grained wood

amboina pine, amboyna pine, Agathis dammara, Agathis alba

native to the Moluccas and Philippines; a source of dammar resin

Cephalotaxus, genus Cephalotaxus

the genus of Cephalotaxus (see plum-yews)

dundathu pine, queensland kauri, smooth bark kauri, Agathis robusta

Australian timber tree resembling the kauri but having wood much lighter in weight and softer

red kauri, Agathis lanceolata

New Zealand tree with glossy leaves and scaly reddish-brown bark

Cephalotaxaceae, family Cephalotaxaceae, plum-yew family

a family of Cephalotaxaceae

plum-yew

any of several yewlike evergreen trees and shrubs of eastern Asia having large seeds enclosed in a fleshy envelope; sometimes cultivated as ornamentals

stinking cedar, stinking yew, Torrey tree, Torreya taxifolia

rare small evergreen of northern Florida; its glossy green leaves have an unpleasant fetid smell when crushed

Torreya, genus Torreya

nutmeg-yews

California nutmeg, nutmeg-yew, Torreya californica

California evergreen having a fruit resembling a nutmeg but with a strong turpentine flavor

celery pine

Australasian evergreen conifer having a graceful head of celery-like foliage composed of phyllodes borne in the axils of scalelike leaves

Phyllocladaceae, family Phyllocladaceae

a family of Phyllocladaceae

Phyllocladus, genus Phyllocladus

celery pine

tanekaha, Phyllocladus trichomanoides

medium-tall celery pine of New Zealand

celery top pine, celery-topped pine, Phyllocladus asplenifolius

medium-tall celery pine of Tasmania

Alpine celery pine, Phyllocladus alpinus

small shrubby celery pine of New Zealand

yellowwood, yellowwood tree

any of various trees having yellowish wood or yielding a yellow extract

gymnospermous yellowwood

any of various gymnospermous trees having yellow wood

angiospermous yellowwood

any of various angiospermous trees having yellow wood

yellowwood

yellow-colored wood of any of various yellowwood trees

Podocarpus, genus Podocarpus

evergreen trees or shrubs; sometimes classified as member of the family Taxaceae

Podocarpaceae, family Podocarpaceae, podocarpus family

gymnosperms with simple persistent needlelike or scalelike leaves

podocarp

any S-hemisphere evergreen of the genus Podocarpus having a pulpy fruit with one hard seed

yacca, yacca podocarp, Podocarpus coriaceus

West Indian evergreen with medium to long leaves

cape yellowwood, African yellowwood, Podocarpus elongatus

South African tree or shrub having a rounded crown

brown pine, Rockingham podocarp, Podocarpus elatus

large Australian tree with straight-grained yellow wood that turns brown on exposure

South-African yellowwood, Podocarpus latifolius

erect or shrubby tree of Africa having ridged dark gray bark and rigid glossy medium to long leaves

Afrocarpus, genus Afrocarpus

dioecious evergreen trees or shrubs; equatorial to southern and southeastern Africa: yellowwood; similar to trees or genus Podocarpus

alpine totara, Podocarpus nivalis

low wide-spreading coniferous shrub of New Zealand mountains

totara, Podocarpus totara

valuable timber tree of New Zealand yielding hard reddish wood used for furniture and bridges and wharves

kahikatea, New Zealand Dacryberry, New Zealand white pine, Dacrycarpus dacrydioides, Podocarpus dacrydioides

New Zealand evergreen valued for its light easily worked wood

common yellowwood, bastard yellowwood, Afrocarpus falcata

medium-sized tree of South Africa

Dacrycarpus, genus Dacrycarpus

evergreen coniferous shrubs or trees of New Zealand to Malaysia and Philippines

Dacrydium, genus Dacrydium

Australasian evergreen trees or shrubs

tarwood, Dacrydium colensoi

New Zealand silver pine of conical habit with long slender flexuous branches; adapted to cold wet summers and high altitudes

rimu, imou pine, red pine, Dacrydium cupressinum

tall New Zealand timber tree

Falcatifolium, genus Falcatifolium

sickle pines: dioecious evergreen tropical trees and shrubs having sickle-shaped leaves; similar to Dacrycarpus in habit; Malaysia and Philippines to New Guinea and New ledonia

yellow-leaf sickle pine, Falcatifolium taxoides

rainforest tree or shrub of New Caledonia having a conic crown and pale green sickle-shaped leaves; host species for the rare parasite yew

common sickle pine, Falcatifolium falciforme

small tropical rain forest tree of Indonesia and Malaysia

Halocarpus, genus Halocarpus

dioecious trees or shrubs of New Zealand; similar in habit to Dacrydium

Lagarostrobus, genus Lagarostrobus

genus of dioecious evergreen trees of New Zealand and Tasmania; similar to genus Dacrydium

tarwood, New Zealand mountain pine, Halocarpus bidwilli, Dacrydium bidwilli

New Zealand shrub

westland pine, silver pine, Lagarostrobus colensoi

timber tree of New Zealand having shiny white wood

huon pine, Lagarostrobus franklinii, Dacrydium franklinii

Tasmanian timber tree with yellow aromatic wavy-grained wood used for carving and ship building; sometimes placed in genus Dacrydium

Chilean rimu, Lepidothamnus fonkii

about the hardiest Podocarpaceae species; prostrate spreading shrub similar to mountain rimu; mountains of southern Chile

Lepidothamnus, genus Lepidothamnus

small usually shrubby conifers

mountain rimu, Lepidothamnus laxifolius, Dacridium laxifolius

low-growning to prostrate shrub with slender trailing branches; New Zealand

Tasman dwarf pine, Microstrobos niphophilus

small shrub or Tasmania having short stiff branches

Microstrobos, genus Microstrobos

2 species of small evergreen shrubs of Australia and Tasmania

nagi, Nageia nagi

medium-sized tree having glossy lanceolate leaves; southern China to Taiwan and southern Japan

Nageia, genus Nageia

small genus of Asian evergreen trees having columnar crowns and distinguished by leaves lacking a midrib; eastern Asia including India and Philippines and New Guinea

parasite yew, Parasitaxus ustus

rare and endangered monoecious parasitic conifer of New Caledonia; parasitic on Falcatifolium taxoides

Parasitaxus, genus Parasitaxus

1 species: parasite yew

plum-fruited yew, Prumnopitys andina, Prumnopitys elegans

South American evergreen tree or shrub

Prumnopitys, genus Prumnopitys

mostly dioecious evergreen conifers; leaves are softer than in Podocarpus

miro, black pine, Prumnopitys ferruginea, Podocarpus ferruginea

New Zealand conifer

matai, black pine, Prumnopitys taxifolia, Podocarpus spicata

New Zealand conifer

Sundacarpus amara, Prumnopitys amara, Podocarpus amara

a large fast-growing monoecious tropical evergreen tree having large glossy lanceolate leaves; of rain forests of Sumatra and Philippines to northern Queensland

Retrophyllum, genus Retrophyllum

small genus of tropical evergreen dioecious shrubs or trees of Oceania and tropical South America

Saxe-gothea, Saxegothea, genus Saxe-gothea, genus Saxegothea

1 species: Prince Albert's yew

Prince Albert yew, Prince Albert's yew, Saxe-gothea conspicua

small yew having attractive foliage and partially weeping branches cultivated as an ornamental; mountains of southern Chile

Sundacarpus, genus Sundacarpus

1 species

Sciadopitys, genus Sciadoptys

type and sole genus of Sciadoptyaceae; Japanese umbrella pines

Sciadopityaceae, family Sciadoptyaceae

family comprising a single genus that until recently was considered part of Taxodiaceae

Taxopsida, class Taxopsida, Taxophytina, subdivision Taxophytina

yews: in some systems classified as a class (Taxopsida) and in others as a subdivision (Taxophytina) used in some classifications for one of five subdivisions of Gymnospermophyta

Japanese umbrella pine, Sciadopitys verticillata

tall evergreen having a symmetrical spreading crown and needles growing in umbrellalike whorls at ends of twigs

Taxales, ordler Taxales

coextensive with the family Taxaceae: yews

Taxaceae, family Taxaceae, yew family

sometimes classified as member of order Taxales

yew

any of numerous evergreen trees or shrubs having red cup-shaped berries and flattened needlelike leaves

Taxus, genus Taxus

yews

yew

wood of a yew; especially the durable fine-grained light brown or red wood of the English yew valued for cabinetwork and archery bows

Old World yew, English yew, Taxus baccata

predominant yew in Europe; extraordinarily long-lived and slow growing; one of the oldest species in the world

Pacific yew, California yew, western yew, Taxus brevifolia

small or medium irregularly branched tree of the Pacific coast of North America; yields fine hard close-grained wood

Japanese yew, Taxus cuspidata

shrubby hardy evergreen of China and Japan having lustrous dark green foliage; cultivated in the eastern United States

Austrotaxus, genus Austrotaxus

a gymnosperm genus having one species: New Caledonian yew

Florida yew, Taxus floridana

small bushy yew of northern Florida having spreading branches and very narrow leaves

white-berry yew, Pseudotaxus chienii

yew of southeastern China, differing from the Old World yew in having white berries

New Caledonian yew, Austrotaxus spicata

large yew native to New Caledonia; cultivated in eastern Australia and New Zealand and Hawaii

Pseudotaxus, genus Pseudotaxus

one species

Ginkgoales, order Ginkgoales

coextensive with the family Ginkgoaceae: plants that first appeared in the Permian and now represented by a single surviving species; often included in Coniferales

Ginkgopsida, class Ginkgopsida, Ginkgophytina, subdivision Ginkgophytina, Ginkgophyta

ginkgos: in some systems classified as a class (Ginkgopsida) and in others as a subdivision (Ginkgophytina or Ginkgophyta); used in some classifications for one of five subdivisions of Gymnospermophyta

genus Ginkgo

sole surviving genus of the Ginkgoaceae

Ginkgoaceae, family Ginkgoaceae, ginkgo family

constituting the order Ginkgoales; includes the genus Ginkgo and extinct forms

ginkgo, gingko, maidenhair tree, Ginkgo biloba

deciduous dioecious Chinese tree having fan-shaped leaves and fleshy yellow seeds; exists almost exclusively in cultivation especially as an ornamental street tree

Angiospermae, class Angiospermae, Magnoliophyta, division Magnoliophyta, Anthophyta, division Anthophyta

comprising flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed in an ovary; in some systems considered a class (Angiospermae) and in others a division (Magnoliophyta or Anthophyta)

angiosperm, flowering plant

plants having seeds in a closed ovary

angiocarp

tree bearing fruit enclosed in a shell or involucre or husk

Alismatidae, subclass Alismatidae

one of four subclasses or superorders of Monocotyledones; comprises about 500 species in 14 families of aquatic and semi-aquatic herbs

Dicotyledones, class Dicotyledones, Dicotyledonae, class Dicotyledonae, Magnoliopsida, class Magnoliopsida

comprising seed plants that produce an embryo with paired cotyledons and net-veined leaves; divided into six (not always well distinguished) subclasses (or superorders): Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae (considered primitive); Caryophyllidae (an early and distinctive offshoot); and three more or less advanced groups: Dilleniidae; Rosidae; Asteridae

dicot, dicotyledon, magnoliopsid

flowering plant with two cotyledons

Magnoliidae, subclass Magnoliidae, ranalian complex

a group of families or trees and shrubs and herbs having well-developed perianths and apocarpous ovaries and generally regarded as the most primitive extant flowering plants; contains 36 families including Magnoliaceae and Ranunculaceae; sometimes classified as a superorder

Monocotyledones, class Monocotyledones, Monocotyledonae, class Monocotyledonae, Liliopsida, class Liliopsida

comprising seed plants that produce an embryo with a single cotyledon and parallel-veined leaves: includes grasses and lilies and palms and orchids; divided into four subclasses or superorders: Alismatidae; Arecidae; Commelinidae; and Liliidae

monocot, monocotyledon, liliopsid

a monocotyledonous flowering plant

Arecidae, subclass Arecidae

one of four subclasses or superorder of Monocotyledones; comprises about 6400 species in 5 families of trees and shrubs and terrestrial herbs and a few free-floating aquatics including: Palmae; Araceae; Pandanaceae: and Lemnaceae

Commelinidae, subclass Commelinidae

one of four subclasses or superorders of Monocotyledones; comprises about 19,000 species in 25 families of mostly terrestrial herbs especially of moist places including: Cyperaceae; Gramineae; Bromeliaceae; and Zingiberaceae

flower

a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

wildflower, wild flower

wild or uncultivated flowering plant

monocarp, monocarpic plant, monocarpous plant

a plant that bears fruit once and dies

Ranales, order Ranales, Ranunculales, order Ranunculales

herbs, shrubs and trees: includes families Ranunculaceae; Annonaceae; Berberidaceae; Magnoliaceae; Menispermaceae; Myristicaceae; Nymphaeaceae; Lardizabalaceae; Lauraceae; Calycanthaceae; Ceratophyllaceae; Cercidiphyllaceae

Annona, genus Annona

type genus of the Annonaceae; tropical American trees or shrubs

Annonaceae, family Annonaceae, custard-apple family

chiefly tropical trees or shrubs

custard apple, custard apple tree

any of several tropical American trees bearing fruit with soft edible pulp

cherimoya, cherimoya tree, Annona cherimola

small tropical American tree bearing round or oblong soft-fleshed fruit

ilama, ilama tree, Annona diversifolia

tropical American tree grown in southern United States having a whitish pink-tinged fruit

soursop, prickly custard apple, soursop tree, Annona muricata

small tropical American tree bearing large succulent slightly acid fruit

bullock's heart, bullock's heart tree, bullock heart, Annona reticulata

small tropical American tree bearing a bristly heart-shaped acid tropical fruit

sweetsop, sweetsop tree, Annona squamosa

tropical American tree bearing sweet pulpy fruit with thick scaly rind and shiny black seeds

pond apple, pond-apple tree, Annona glabra

small evergreen tree of tropical America with edible fruit; used chiefly as grafting stock

pawpaw, papaw, papaw tree, Asimina triloba

small tree native to the eastern United States having oblong leaves and fleshy fruit

Asimina, genus Asimina

pawpaw

lancewood, lancewood tree, Oxandra lanceolata

source of most of the lancewood of commerce

Cananga, genus Cananga, Canangium, genus Canangium

a genus of Malayan tree

ilang-ilang, ylang-ylang, Cananga odorata

evergreen Asian tree with aromatic greenish-yellow flowers yielding a volatile oil; widely grown in the tropics as an ornamental

ilang-ilang

oil distilled from flowers of the ilang-ilang tree; used in perfumery

Oxandra, genus Oxandra

genus of tropical trees

Xylopia, genus Xylopia

tropical evergreen trees or shrubs; chiefly African

Guinea pepper, negro pepper, Xylopia aethiopica

tropical west African evergreen tree bearing pungent aromatic seeds used as a condiment and in folk medicine

American barberry, Berberis canadensis

deciduous shrub of eastern North America whose leaves turn scarlet in autumn and having racemes of yellow flowers followed by ellipsoid glossy red berries

Berberidaceae, family Berberidaceae, barberry family

shrubs or herbs

Berberis, genus Berberis

large genus of shrubs of temperate zones of New and Old Worlds

barberry

any of numerous plants of the genus Berberis having prickly stems and yellow flowers followed by small red berries

common barberry, European barberry, Berberis vulgaris

upright deciduous European shrub widely naturalized in United States having clusters of juicy berries

Japanese barberry, Berberis thunbergii

compact deciduous shrub having persistent red berries; widespread in cultivation especially for hedges

Epimedium, genus Epimedium

herbaceous perennials of Mediterranean to India and eastern Asia

Caulophyllum, genus Caulophyllum

blue cohosh

blue cohosh, blueberry root, papooseroot, papoose root, squawroot, squaw root, Caulophyllum thalictrioides, Caulophyllum thalictroides

tall herb of eastern North America and Asia having blue berrylike fruit and a thick knotty rootstock formerly used medicinally

Oregon grape, Mahonia nervosa

small shrub with gray-green leaves and yellow flowers followed by glaucous blue berries

barrenwort, bishop's hat, Epimedium grandiflorum

slow-growing creeping plant with semi-evergreen leaves on erect wiry stems; used as ground cover

Mahonia, genus Mahonia

evergreen shrubs and small trees of North and Central America and Asia

Oregon grape, Oregon holly grape, hollygrape, mountain grape, holly-leaves barberry, Mahonia aquifolium

ornamental evergreen shrub of Pacific coast of North America having dark green pinnate leaves and racemes of yellow flowers followed by blue-black berries

mayapple, May apple, wild mandrake, Podophyllum peltatum

North American herb with poisonous root stock and edible though insipid fruit

Podophyllum, genus Podophyllum

perennial rhizomatous herbs

Calycanthus, genus Calycanthus

a magnoliid dicot genus of the family Calycanthaceae including: allspice

May apple

edible but insipid fruit of the May apple plant

Calycanthaceae, family Calycanthaceae, calycanthus family, strawberry-shrub family

shrubs or small trees having aromatic bark; the eastern United States and eastern Asia

allspice

deciduous shrubs having aromatic bark; eastern China; southwestern and eastern United States

Carolina allspice, strawberry shrub, strawberry bush, sweet shrub, Calycanthus floridus

hardy shrub of southeastern United States having clove-scented wood and fragrant red-brown flowers

spicebush, California allspice, Calycanthus occidentalis

straggling aromatic shrub of southwestern United States having fragrant brown flowers

Japan allspice, Japanese allspice, winter sweet, Chimonanthus praecox

deciduous Japanese shrub cultivated for its fragrant yellow flowers

Chimonanthus, genus Chimonanthus

small genus of Asian deciduous or evergreen shrubs having fragrant flowers: winter_sweet

Ceratophyllaceae, family Ceratophyllaceae

coextensive with the genus Ceratophyllum: hornworts

Ceratophyllum, genus Ceratophyllum

constituting the family Ceratophyllaceae: hornworts

katsura tree, Cercidiphyllum japonicum

rapidly growing deciduous tree of low mountainsides of China and Japan; grown as an ornamental for its dark blue-green candy-scented foliage that becomes yellow to scarlet in autumn

hornwort

any aquatic plant of the genus Ceratophyllum; forms submerged masses in ponds and slow-flowing streams

Cercidiphyllaceae, family Cercidiphyllaceae

1 genus

Cercidiphyllum, genus Cercidiphyllum

1 species: katsura tree

Lardizabalaceae, family Lardizabalaceae, lardizabala family

thick-stemmed lianas and some shrubs; some have edible fruit

Lardizabala, genus Lardizabala

evergreen monoecious climbers of South America having dark mauve-blue edible berries

Laurus, genus Laurus

small evergreen trees or shrubs with aromatic leaves

Lauraceae, family Lauraceae, laurel family

a family of Lauraceae

laurel

any of various aromatic trees of the laurel family

true laurel, bay, bay laurel, bay tree, Laurus nobilis

small Mediterranean evergreen tree with small blackish berries and glossy aromatic leaves used for flavoring in cooking; also used by ancient Greeks to crown victors

Cinnamomum, genus Cinnamomum

Asiatic and Australian aromatic trees and shrubs

camphor tree, Cinnamomum camphora

large evergreen tree of warm regions whose aromatic wood yields camphor

cassia, cassia-bark tree, Cinnamomum cassia

Chinese tree with aromatic bark; yields a less desirable cinnamon than Ceylon cinnamon

cinnamon, Ceylon cinnamon, Ceylon cinnamon tree, Cinnamomum zeylanicum

tropical Asian tree with aromatic yellowish-brown bark; source of the spice cinnamon

cinnamon, cinnamon bark

aromatic bark used as a spice

cassia bark, Chinese cinnamon

aromatic bark of the cassia-bark tree; less desirable as a spice than Ceylon cinnamon bark

Saigon cinnamon, Cinnamomum loureirii

tropical southeast Asian tree with aromatic bark; yields a bark used medicinally

Lindera, genus Lindera

aromatic evergreen or deciduous dioecious shrubs or trees of eastern Asia and North America

Benzoin, genus Benzoin

used in some classifications for the American spicebush and certain other plants often included in the genus Lindera

spicebush, spice bush, American spicebush, Benjamin bush, Lindera benzoin, Benzoin odoriferum

deciduous shrub of the eastern United States having highly aromatic leaves and bark and yellow flowers followed by scarlet or yellow berries

avocado, avocado tree, Persea Americana

tropical American tree bearing large pulpy green fruits

Persea, genus Persea

avocado

sassafras, sassafras tree, Sassafras albidum

yellowwood tree with brittle wood and aromatic leaves and bark; source of sassafras oil; widely distributed in eastern North America

laurel-tree, red bay, Persea borbonia

small tree of southern United States having dark red heartwood

genus Sassafras

a genus of Sassafras

Umbellularia, genus Umbellularia

aromatic evergreen trees of Pacific coast

California laurel, California bay tree, Oregon myrtle, pepperwood, spice tree, sassafras laurel, California olive, mountain laurel, Umbellularia californica

Pacific coast tree having aromatic foliage and small umbellate flowers followed by olivelike fruit; yields a hard tough wood

Magnoliaceae, family Magnoliaceae, magnolia family

subclass_Magnoliidae: genera Liriodendron; Magnolia; Manglietia

Illicium, genus Illicium

anise_trees: evergreen trees with aromatic leaves

purple anise, Illicium floridanum

small shrubby tree with purple flowers; found in wet soils of southeastern United States

anise tree

any of several evergreen shrubs and small trees of the genus Illicium

star anise, Illicium anisatum

small shrubby tree of Japan and Taiwan; flowers are not fragrant

star anise, Chinese anise, Illicium verum

small tree of China and Vietnam bearing anise-scented star-shaped fruit used in food and medicinally as a carminative

magnolia

any shrub or tree of the genus Magnolia; valued for their longevity and exquisite fragrant blooms

genus Magnolia

shrubs or trees of North America or Asia having entire evergreen or deciduous leaves; among most ancient of angiosperm genera

southern magnolia, evergreen magnolia, large-flowering magnolia, bull bay, Magnolia grandiflora

evergreen tree of southern United States having large stiff glossy leaves and huge white sweet-smelling flowers

umbrella tree, umbrella magnolia, elkwood, Magnolia tripetala

small deciduous open-crowned tree of eastern North America having creamy white flowers and large leaves in umbrellalike formations at ends of branches

earleaved umbrella tree, Magnolia fraseri

small erect deciduous tree with large leaves in whorllike formations at branch tips

cucumber tree, Magnolia acuminata

American deciduous magnolia having large leaves and fruit like a small cucumber

star magnolia, Magnolia stellata

deciduous shrubby magnolia from Japan having fragrant white starlike flowers blooming before leaves unfold; grown as an ornamental in United States

large-leaved magnolia, large-leaved cucumber tree, great-leaved macrophylla, Magnolia macrophylla

large deciduous shrub or tree of southeastern United States having huge leaves in dense false whorls and large creamy flowers tinged purple toward the base

saucer magnolia, Chinese magnolia, Magnolia soulangiana

large deciduous shrub or small tree having large open rosy to purplish flowers; native to Asia; prized as an ornamental in eastern North America

sweet bay, swamp bay, swamp laurel, Magnolia virginiana

shrub or small tree having rather small fragrant white flowers; abundant in southeastern United States

tulip tree, tulip poplar, yellow poplar, canary whitewood, Liriodendron tulipifera

tall North American deciduous timber tree having large tulip-shaped greenish yellow flowers and conelike fruit; yields soft white woods used especially for cabinet work

Liriodendron, genus Liriodendron

tulip trees

moonseed

plant of the family Menispermaceae having red or black fruit with crescent- or ring-shaped seeds

Menispermaceae, family Menispermaceae, moonseed family

herbaceous or woody climbers

Menispermum, genus Menispermum

climbing herbs

common moonseed, Canada moonseed, yellow parilla, Menispermum canadense

a woody vine of eastern North America having large oval leaves and small white flowers and purple to blue-black fruits

Carolina moonseed, Cocculus carolinus

woody vine of southeastern United States resembling the common moonseed but having red fruits

Cocculus, genus Cocculus

climbing plants or shrubs

Myristicaceae, family Myristicaceae, nutmeg family

family of aromatic tropical trees with arillate seeds

nutmeg, nutmeg tree, Myristica fragrans

East Indian tree widely cultivated in the tropics for its aromatic seed; source of two spices: nutmeg and mace

Myristica, genus Myristica

type genus of Myristicaceae; tropical Asian evergreen trees with small white or yellow flowers followed by fleshy fruits

water lily

an aquatic plant of the family Nymphaeaceae

Nymphaeaceae, family Nymphaeaceae, water-lily family

dicot aquatic plants

Nymphaea, genus Nymphaea

the type genus of the family Nymphaeaceae; any of a variety of water lilies

water nymph, fragrant water lily, pond lily, Nymphaea odorata

a water lily having large leaves and showy fragrant flowers that float on the water; of temperate and tropical regions

blue lotus, Nymphaea stellata

blue lotus of India and southeastern Asia

European white lily, Nymphaea alba

a water lily with white flowers

lotus, white lotus, Egyptian water lily, white lily, Nymphaea lotus

white Egyptian lotus: water lily of Egypt to southeastern Africa; held sacred by the Egyptians

blue lotus, Nymphaea caerulea

blue Egyptian lotus: held sacred by the Egyptians

spatterdock, cow lily, yellow pond lily, Nuphar advena

common water lily of eastern and central North America, having broad leaves and globe-shaped yellow flowers; in sluggish fresh or slightly brackish water

Nuphar, genus Nuphar

spatterdocks

southern spatterdock, Nuphar sagittifolium

of flowing waters of the southeastern United States; may form obstructive mats in streams

Nelumbonaceae, subfamily Nelumbonaceae

in some classifications considered an independent family of water lilies; comprises the single genus Nelumbo

yellow water lily, Nuphar lutea

a water lily with yellow flowers

lotus, Indian lotus, sacred lotus, Nelumbo nucifera

native to eastern Asia; widely cultivated for its large pink or white flowers

Nelumbo, genus Nelumbo

sometimes placed in the family Nymphaeaceae: lotuses

Cabombaceae, subfamily Cabombaceae, water-shield family

in some classifications considered an independent family of water lilies; comprises the genera Cabomba and Brasenia

water chinquapin, American lotus, yanquapin, Nelumbo lutea

water lily of eastern North America having pale yellow blossoms and edible globular nutlike seeds

Cabomba, genus Cabomba

alternatively, a member of the family Nymphaeaceae; a small genus of American aquatic plants

water-shield, fanwort, Cabomba caroliniana

common aquatic plant of eastern North America having floating and submerged leaves and white yellow-spotted flowers

Brasenia, genus Brasenia

alternatively, a member of the family Nymphaeaceae

Paeoniaceae, family Paeoniaceae, peony family

perennial rhizomatous herbs and shrubs; of temperate Europe and North America

water-shield, Brasenia schreberi, water-target

aquatic plant with floating oval leaves and purple flowers; in lakes and slow-moving streams; suitable for aquariums

Paeonia, genus Paeonia

peonies: herbaceous or shrubby plants having showy flowers

peony, paeony

any of numerous plants widely cultivated for their showy single or double red or pink or white flowers

Ranunculus, genus Ranunculus

annual, biennial or perennial herbs: buttercup; crowfoot

Ranunculaceae, family Ranunculaceae, buttercup family, crowfoot family

a family of Ranunculaceae

meadow buttercup, tall buttercup, tall crowfoot, tall field buttercup, Ranunculus acris

perennial European buttercup with yellow spring flowers widely naturalized especially in eastern North America

buttercup, butterflower, crowfoot, goldcup, kingcup

any of various plants of the genus Ranunculus

water crowfoot, water buttercup, Ranunculus aquatilis

plant of ponds and slow streams having submerged and floating leaves and white flowers; Europe and North America

common buttercup, Ranunculus bulbosus

perennial Old World buttercup with golden to sulphur yellow flowers in late spring to early summer; naturalized in North America

lesser spearwort, Ranunculus flammula

semi-aquatic Eurasian perennial crowfoot with spear-shaped leaves; naturalized in New Zealand

lesser celandine, pilewort, Ranunculus ficaria

perennial herb native to Europe but naturalized elsewhere having heart-shaped leaves and yellow flowers resembling buttercups; its tuberous roots have been used as a poultice to relieve piles

sagebrush buttercup, Ranunculus glaberrimus

small early-flowering buttercup with shiny yellow flowers of western North America

mountain lily, Mount Cook lily, Ranunculus lyalii

showy white-flowered perennial of New Zealand

greater spearwort, Ranunculus lingua

semi-aquatic European crowfoot with spear-shaped leaves

creeping buttercup, creeping crowfoot, Ranunculus repens

perennial European herb with long creeping stolons

western buttercup, Ranunculus occidentalis

perennial of western North America

cursed crowfoot, celery-leaved buttercup, Ranunculus sceleratus

annual herb growing in marshy places

Aconitum, genus Aconitum

genus of poisonous plants of temperate regions of northern hemisphere

aconite

any of various usually poisonous plants of the genus Aconitum having tuberous roots and palmately lobed leaves and blue or white flowers

wolfsbane, wolfbane, wolf's bane, Aconitum lycoctonum

poisonous Eurasian perennial herb with broad rounded leaves and yellow flowers and fibrous rootstock

monkshood, helmetflower, helmet flower, Aconitum napellus

a poisonous herb native to northern Europe having hooded blue-purple flowers; the dried leaves and roots yield aconite

baneberry, cohosh, herb Christopher

a plant of the genus Actaea having acrid poisonous berries

Actaea, genus Actaea

baneberry

white baneberry, white cohosh, white bead, doll's eyes, Actaea alba

North American herb with white poisonous berries

baneberry

a poisonous berry of a plant of the genus Actaea

red baneberry, redberry, snakeberry, Actaea rubra

North American perennial herb with ternately compound leaves and racemes of small white flowers followed by bright red oval poisonous berries

anemone, windflower

any woodland plant of the genus Anemone grown for its beautiful flowers and whorls of dissected leaves

Adonis, genus Adonis

annual or perennial herbs

pheasant's-eye, Adonis annua

Eurasian herb cultivated for its dark-centered deep red flowers

genus Anemone

perennial herbs with tuberous roots and beautiful flowers; of north and south temperate regions

Alpine anemone, mountain anemone, Anemone tetonensis

silky-foliaged herb of Rocky Mts with bluish-white flowers

Canada anemone, Anemone Canadensis

common summer-flowering woodland herb of Labrador to Colorado

thimbleweed, Anemone cylindrica

a common North American anemone with cylindrical thimblelike fruit clusters

wood anemone, Anemone nemorosa

European anemone with solitary white flowers common in deciduous woodlands

wood anemone, snowdrop, Anemone quinquefolia

common anemone of eastern North America with solitary pink-tinged white flowers

longheaded thimbleweed, Anemone riparia

thimbleweed of northern North America

Virginia thimbleweed, Anemone virginiana

thimbleweed of central and eastern North America

snowdrop anemone, snowdrop windflower, Anemone sylvestris

Eurasian herb with solitary nodding fragrant white flowers

rue anemone, Anemonella thalictroides

woodland flower native to eastern North America having cup-shaped flowers reminiscent of anemone but more delicate

Anemonella, genus Anemonella

1 species: rue anemone

columbine, aquilegia, aquilege

a plant of the genus Aquilegia having irregular showy spurred flowers; north temperate regions especially mountains

genus Aquilegia

columbine

meeting house, honeysuckle, Aquilegia canadensis

columbine of eastern North America having long-spurred red flowers

blue columbine, Aquilegia coerulia, Aquilegia scopulorum calcarea

columbine of Rocky Mts having long-spurred blue flowers

granny's bonnets, Aquilegia vulgaris

common European columbine having variously colored (white or blue to purple or red) short-spurred flowers; naturalized in United States

marsh marigold, kingcup, meadow bright, May blob, cowslip, water dragon, Caltha palustris

swamp plant of Europe and North America having bright yellow flowers resembling buttercups

Caltha, genus Caltha

a genus of Caltha

Cimicifuga, genus Cimicifuga

small genus of perennial herbs of north temperate regions: bugbane

bugbane

a plant of the genus Cimicifuga having flowers in long racemes or panicles reported to be distasteful to insects

black cohosh, black snakeroot, rattletop, Cimicifuga racemosa

North American bugbane found from Main and Ontario to Wisconsin and south to Georgia

American bugbane, summer cohosh, Cimicifuga americana

bugbane of the eastern United States having erect racemes of white flowers

clematis

any of various ornamental climbing plants of the genus Clematis usually having showy flowers

fetid bugbane, foetid bugbane, Cimicifuga foetida

bugbane of Siberia and eastern Asia having ill-smelling green-white flowers

genus Clematis

large genus of deciduous or evergreen woody vines or erect herbs

pine hyacinth, Clematis baldwinii, Viorna baldwinii

erect clematis of Florida having pink to purple flowers; sometimes placed in genus Viorna

blue jasmine, blue jessamine, curly clematis, marsh clematis, Clematis crispa

climber of southern United States having bluish-purple flowers

curly-heads, Clematis ochreleuca

shrubby clematis of the eastern United States having curly foliage

pipestem clematis, Clematis lasiantha

clematis of California

golden clematis, Clematis tangutica

Chinese clematis with serrate leaves and large yellow flowers

scarlet clematis, Clematis texensis

woody vine of Texas having showy solitary nodding scarlet flowers

leather flower, Clematis versicolor

woody vine of the southern United States having purple or blue flowers with leathery recurved sepals

leather flower, vase-fine, vase vine, Clematis viorna

scandent subshrub of southeastern United States having large red-purple bell-shaped flowers with leathery recurved sepals

virgin's bower, old man's beard, devil's darning needle, Clematis virginiana

common climber of eastern North America that sprawls over other plants and bears numerous panicles of small creamy white flowers

traveler's joy, traveller's joy, old man's beard, Clematis vitalba

vigorous deciduous climber of Europe to Afghanistan and Lebanon having panicles of fragrant green-white flowers in summer and autumn

purple clematis, purple virgin's bower, mountain clematis, Clematis verticillaris

climber of northeastern North America having waxy purplish-blue flowers

Coptis, genus Coptis

small genus of low perennial herbs having yellow rhizomes and white or yellow flowers

goldthread, golden thread, Coptis groenlandica, Coptis trifolia groenlandica

low-growing perennial of North America woodlands having trifoliate leaves and yellow rootstock and white flowers

rocket larkspur, Consolida ambigua, Delphinium ajacis

commonly cultivated larkspur of southern Europe having unbranched spikelike racemes of blue or sometimes purplish or pinkish flowers; sometime placed in genus Delphinium

Consolida, genus Consolida

plants having larkspurlike flowers differing from larkspurs in arrangement of petals; sometimes included in genus Delphinium

genus Delphinium

large genus of chiefly perennial erect branching herbs of north temperate regions some poisonous

delphinium

any plant of the genus Delphinium having palmately divided leaves and showy spikes of variously colored spurred flowers; some contain extremely poisonous substances

larkspur

any of numerous cultivated plants of the genus Delphinium

winter aconite, Eranthis hyemalis

small Old World perennial herb grown for its bright yellow flowers which appear in early spring often before snow is gone

Eranthis, genus Eranthis

winter aconite

hellebore

any plant of the Eurasian genus Helleborus

Helleborus, genus Helleborus

a genus of Helleborus

lenten rose, black hellebore, Helleborus orientalis

slightly hairy perennial having deep green leathery leaves and flowers that are ultimately purplish-green

stinking hellebore, bear's foot, setterwort, Helleborus foetidus

digitate-leaved hellebore with an offensive odor and irritant qualities when taken internally

Christmas rose, winter rose, black hellebore, Helleborus niger

European evergreen plant with white or purplish roselike winter-blooming flowers

green hellebore, Helleborus viridis

deciduous plant with large deep green pedate leaves and nodding saucer-shaped green flowers

genus Hepatica

small genus of perennial herbs of north temperate regions; allied to genus Anemone

Hydrastis, genus Hydrastis

small genus of perennial herbs having rhizomes and palmate leaves and small solitary flowers; of northeastern United States and Japan

hepatica, liverleaf

any of several plants of the genus Hepatica having 3-lobed leaves and white or pinkish flowers in early spring; of moist and mossy subalpine woodland areas of north temperate regions

goldenseal, golden seal, yellow root, turmeric root, Hydrastis Canadensis

perennial herb of northeastern United States having a thick knotted yellow rootstock and large rounded leaves

false rue anemone, false rue, Isopyrum biternatum

slender erect perennial of eastern North America having tuberous roots and pink-tinged white flowers; resembles meadow rue

Isopyrum, genus Isopyrum

tufted perennial herbs of northern hemisphere

giant buttercup, Laccopetalum giganteum

spectacular perennial native of wet montane grasslands of Peru; formerly included in genus Ranunculus

Laccopetalum, genus Laccopetalum

1 species: giant buttercup

fennel flower, Nigella hispanica

nigella of Spain and southern France

genus Nigella

erect annual Eurasian herbs

nigella

any plant of the genus Nigella

love-in-a-mist, Nigella damascena

European garden plant having finely cut leaves and white or pale blue flowers

black caraway, nutmeg flower, Roman coriander, Nigella sativa

herb of the Mediterranean region having pungent seeds used like those of caraway

Pulsatilla, genus Pulsatilla

includes a group of plants that in some classifications are included in the genus Anemone: pasqueflowers

American pasqueflower, Eastern pasque flower, wild crocus, lion's beard, prairie anemone, blue tulip, American pulsatilla, Pulsatilla patens, Anemone ludoviciana

short hairy perennial with early spring blue-violet or lilac flowers; North America and Siberia

pasqueflower, pasque flower

any plant of the genus Pulsatilla; sometimes included in genus Anemone

Thalictrum, genus Thalictrum

widely distributed genus of perennial herbs: meadow rue

Western pasqueflower, Pulsatilla occidentalis, Anemone occidentalis

of western North America

European pasqueflower, Pulsatilla vulgaris, Anemone pulsatilla

European perennial having usually violet or white spring flowers

Trautvetteria, genus Trautvetteria

small genus of perennial herbs: false bugbane

meadow rue

any of various herbs of the genus Thalictrum; sometimes rhizomatous or tuberous perennials found in damp shady places and meadows or stream banks; have lacy foliage and clouds of small purple or yellow flowers

Drimys, genus Drimys

shrubs and trees of southern hemisphere having aromatic foliage

false bugbane, Trautvetteria carolinensis

tall perennial of the eastern United States having large basal leaves and white summer flowers

Trollius, genus Trollius

perennial herbs of north temperate regions: globeflowers

globeflower, globe flower

any of several plants of the genus Trollius having globose yellow flowers

Winteraceae, family Winteraceae, winter's bark family

small family of chiefly tropical shrubs and trees of genera Drimys and Pseudowintera; sometimes included in Magnoliaceae

winter's bark, winter's bark tree, Drimys winteri

South American evergreen tree yielding winter's bark and a light soft wood similar to basswood

pepper shrub, Pseudowintera colorata, Wintera colorata

evergreen shrub or small tree whose foliage is conspicuously blotched with red and yellow and having small black fruits

Pseudowintera, genus Pseudowintera, Wintera, genus Wintera

evergreen shrubs or small trees of Australia and New Zealand

Myricales, order Myricales

coextensive with the family Myricaceae

Myrica, genus Myrica

deciduous aromatic shrubs or small trees

Myricaceae, family Myricaceae, wax-myrtle family

constituting the order Myricales

sweet gale, Scotch gale, Myrica gale

bog shrub of north temperate zone having bitter-tasting fragrant leaves

wax myrtle

any shrub or small tree of the genus Myrica with aromatic foliage and small wax-coated berries

bay myrtle, puckerbush, Myrica cerifera

evergreen aromatic shrubby tree of southeastern United States having small hard berries thickly coated with white wax used for candles

bayberry, candleberry, swamp candleberry, waxberry, Myrica pensylvanica

deciduous aromatic shrub of eastern North America with gray-green wax-coated berries

sweet fern, Comptonia peregrina, Comptonia asplenifolia

deciduous shrub of eastern North America with scented fernlike leaves and catkin-like heads of tiny white flowers

Comptonia, genus Comptonia

1 species: sweet fern

Leitneriaceae, family Leitneriaceae, corkwood family

coextensive with the genus Leitneria; commonly isolated in a distinct order

Juncaceae, family Juncaceae, rush family

tufted herbs resembling grasses: rushes

Leitneria, genus Leitneria

1 species: corkwood

corkwood, corkwood tree, Leitneria floridana

very small deciduous dioecious tree or shrub of damp habitats in southeastern United States having extremely light wood

rush

grasslike plants growing in wet places and having cylindrical often hollow stems

Juncus, genus Juncus

type genus of the Juncaceae; perennial tufted glabrous marsh plants of temperate regions: rushes

bulrush, bullrush, common rush, soft rush, Juncus effusus

tall rush with soft erect or arching stems found in Eurasia, Australia, New Zealand, and common in North America

toad rush, Juncus bufonius

low-growing annual rush of damp low-lying ground; nearly cosmopolitan

jointed rush, Juncus articulatus

rush of Australia

salt rush, Juncus leseurii

rush of North American Pacific coast

hard rush, Juncus inflexus

tall rush of temperate regions

slender rush, Juncus tenuis

tufted wiry rush of wide distribution

zebrawood, zebrawood tree

any of various trees or shrubs having mottled or striped wood

Connaraceae, family Connaraceae, zebrawood family

mostly tropical climbing shrubs or small trees; closely related to Leguminosae

Connarus, genus Connarus

large genus of tropical trees and shrubs; type genus of the Connaraceae

Connarus guianensis

tropical American and east African tree with strikingly marked hardwood used in cabinetwork

legume, leguminous plant

an erect or climbing bean or pea plant of the family Leguminosae

Leguminosae, family Leguminosae, Fabaceae, family Fabaceae, legume family, pea family

a large family of trees, shrubs, vines, and herbs bearing bean pods; divided for convenience into the subfamilies Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae

Arachis, genus Arachis

a genus of plants with pods that ripen underground (see peanut)

peanut, peanut vine, Arachis hypogaea

widely cultivated American plant cultivated in tropical and warm regions; showy yellow flowers on stalks that bend over to the soil so that seed pods ripen underground

Brya, genus Brya

genus of prickly shrubs and small trees of the Caribbean region; source of a durable hardwood

granadilla tree, granadillo, Brya ebenus

West Indian tree yielding a fine grade of green ebony

arariba, Centrolobium robustum

Brazilian tree with handsomely marked wood

Centrolobium, genus Centrolobium

a genus of Centrolobium

Coumarouna, genus Coumarouna, Dipteryx, genus Dipteryx

tropical American trees: tonka beans

tonka bean, tonka bean tree, Coumarouna odorata, Dipteryx odorata

tall tropical South American tree having pulpy egg-shaped pods of fragrant black almond-shaped seeds used for flavoring

Hymenaea, genus Hymenaea

genus of tropical American timber trees

courbaril, Hymenaea courbaril

West Indian locust tree having pinnate leaves and panicles of large white or purplish flowers; yields very hard tough wood

melilotus, melilot, sweet clover

erect annual or biennial plant grown extensively especially for hay and soil improvement

genus Melilotus

Old World herbs: the sweet clovers

white sweet clover, white melilot, Melilotus alba

biennial plant; valuable honey plant

yellow sweet clover, Melilotus officinalis

biennial yellow-flowered Eurasian plant having aromatic leaves used as carminative or flavoring agent; widely cultivated especially as green manure or cover crop

Swainsona, genus Swainsona

genus of Australian herbs and subshrubs: darling peas

darling pea, poison bush

either of two Australian plants of the genus Swainsona that are poisonous to sheep

smooth darling pea, Swainsona galegifolia

erect or trailing perennial of eastern Australia having axillary racemes of blue to purple or red flowers

hairy darling pea, Swainsona greyana, Swainsona grandiflora

shrubby perennial of southern Australia having downy or woolly stems and undersides of leaves and racemes of red to pink flowers

Trifolium, genus Trifolium

any leguminous plant having leaves divided into three leaflets

alpine clover, Trifolium alpinum

European mountain clover with fragrant usually pink flowers

clover, trefoil

a plant of the genus Trifolium

hop clover, shamrock, lesser yellow trefoil, Trifolium dubium

clover native to Ireland with yellowish flowers; often considered the true or original shamrock

red clover, purple clover, Trifolium pratense

erect to decumbent short-lived perennial having red-purple to pink flowers; the most commonly grown forage clover

crimson clover, Italian clover, Trifolium incarnatum

southern European annual with spiky heads of crimson flower; extensively cultivated in United States for forage

white clover, dutch clover, shamrock, Trifolium repens

creeping European clover having white to pink flowers and bright green leaves; naturalized in United States; widely grown for forage

buffalo clover, Trifolium reflexum

clover of western United States

Mimosaceae, family Mimosaceae

family of spiny woody plants (usually shrubs or small trees) whose leaves mimic animals in sensitivity to touch; commonly included in the family Leguminosae

buffalo clover, Trifolium stoloniferum

clover of western United States

mimosa

any of various tropical shrubs or trees of the genus Mimosa having usually yellow flowers and compound leaves

Mimosoideae, subfamily Mimosoideae

alternative name used in some classification systems for the family Mimosaceae

genus Mimosa

genus of spiny woody shrubs or trees; named for their apparent imitation of animal sensitivity to light and heat and movement

sensitive plant, Mimosa sensitiva

semi-climbing prickly evergreen shrub of tropical America having compound leaves sensitive to light and touch

shittah, shittah tree

source of a wood mentioned frequently in the Bible; probably a species of Acacia

sensitive plant, touch-me-not, shame plant, live-and-die, humble plant, action plant, Mimosa pudica

prostrate or semi-erect subshrub of tropical America, and Australia; heavily armed with recurved thorns and having sensitive soft gray-green leaflets that fold and droop at night or when touched or cooled

genus Acacia

large genus of shrubs and trees and some woody vines of Central and South America, Africa, Australia and Polynesia: wattle; mimosa

acacia

any of various spiny trees or shrubs of the genus Acacia

gidgee, stinking wattle, Acacia cambegei

scrubby Australian acacia having extremely foul-smelling blossoms

black wattle, Acacia auriculiformis

Australian tree that yields tanning materials

black catechu, catechu

extract of the heartwood of Acacia catechu used for dying and tanning and preserving fishnets and sails; formerly used medicinally

catechu, Jerusalem thorn, Acacia catechu

East Indian spiny tree having twice-pinnate leaves and yellow flowers followed by flat pods; source of black catechu

huisache, cassie, mimosa bush, sweet wattle, sweet acacia, scented wattle, flame tree, Acacia farnesiana

tropical American thorny shrub or small tree; fragrant yellow flowers used in making perfumery

silver wattle, mimosa, Acacia dealbata

evergreen Australasian tree having white or silvery bark and young leaves and yellow flowers

lightwood, Acacia melanoxylon

tall Australian acacia yielding highly valued black timber

golden wattle, Acacia pycnantha

shrubby Australian tree having clusters of fragrant golden yellow flowers; widely cultivated as an ornamental

fever tree, Acacia xanthophloea

African tree supposed to mark healthful regions

Adenanthera, genus Adenanthera

small genus of trees of Tropical Asia and Pacific areas

genus Albizia, genus Albizzia

large genus of unarmed trees and shrubs of Old World tropics

coralwood, red sandalwood, Barbados pride, peacock flower fence, Adenanthera pavonina

East Indian tree with racemes of yellow-white flowers; cultivated as an ornamental

albizzia, albizia

any of numerous trees of the genus Albizia

silk tree, Albizia julibrissin, Albizzia julibrissin

attractive domed or flalt-topped Asiatic tree having bipinnate leaves and flowers with long silky stamens

rain tree, saman, monkeypod, monkey pod, zaman, zamang, Albizia saman

large ornamental tropical American tree withbipinnate leaves and globose clusters of flowers with crimson stamens and sweet-pulp seed pods eaten by cattle

siris, siris tree, Albizia lebbeck, Albizzia lebbeck

large spreading Old World tree having large leaves and globose clusters of greenish-yellow flowers and long seed pods that clatter in the wind

Anadenanthera, genus Anadenanthera

2 species of tropical American shrubs or trees

genus Calliandra

genus of pinnate-leaved shrubs and small trees of tropical and subtropical North and South America and India and West Africa

Anadenanthera colubrina, Piptadenia macrocarpa

Brazilian shrub having twice-pinnate leaves and small spicate flowers followed by flat or irregularly torulose pods; sometimes placed in genus Piptadenia

calliandra

any of various shrubs and small trees valued for their fine foliage and attractive spreading habit and clustered white to deep pink or red flowers

Enterolobium, genus Enterolobium

small genus of tropical American timber trees closely allied to genus Albiza

genus Inga

genus of tropical trees or shrubs with flowers in mimosiform heads

conacaste, elephant's ear, Enterolobium cyclocarpa

tropical South American tree having a wide-spreading crown of bipinnate leaves and coiled ear-shaped fruits; grown for shade and ornament as well as valuable timber

ice-cream bean, Inga edulis

ornamental evergreen tree with masses of white flowers; tropical and subtropical America

inga

any tree or shrub of the genus Inga having pinnate leaves and showy usually white flowers; cultivated as ornamentals

guama, Inga laurina

tropical tree of Central America and West Indies and Puerto Rico having spikes of white flowers; used as shade for coffee plantations

Leucaena, genus Leucaena

small genus of tropical evergreen trees or shrubs having pods like those of the acacia

Lysiloma, genus Lysiloma

small genus of tropical American trees and shrubs with pinnate leaves and flat straight pods

lead tree, white popinac, Leucaena glauca, Leucaena leucocephala

low scrubby tree of tropical and subtropical North America having white mimosalike flowers tinged with yellow and long flattened pods

wild tamarind, Lysiloma latisiliqua, Lysiloma bahamensis

a tamarindlike tree of the West Indies and Florida and Mexico having long flat pods

Parkia, genus Parkia

genus of tropical Old World trees: nitta trees

sabicu, Lysiloma sabicu

West Indian tree yielding la hard dark born wood resembling mahogany in texture and value

nitta tree

any of several Old World tropical trees of the genus Parkia having heads of red or yellow flowers followed by pods usually containing edible seeds and pulp

Parkia javanica

tall evergreen rain forest tree with wide-spreading crown having yellow-white flowers; grown as an ornamental in parks and large gardens

Prosopis, genus Prosopis

genus of tropical or subtropical branching shrubs or trees: mesquite

Piptadenia, genus Piptadenia

tropical American trees and shrubs; often placed in other genera

Pithecellobium, genus Pithecellobium, Pithecolobium, genus Pithecolobium

thorny shrubs and trees of tropical and subtropical America and Asia

manila tamarind, camachile, huamachil, wild tamarind, Pithecellobium dulce

common thorny tropical American tree having terminal racemes of yellow flowers followed by sickle-shaped or circinate edible pods and yielding good timber and a yellow dye and mucilaginous gum

cat's-claw, catclaw, black bead, Pithecellodium unguis-cati

erect shrub with small if any spines having racemes of white to yellow flowers followed by curved pointed pods and black shiny seeds; West Indies and Florida

honey mesquite, Western honey mesquite, Prosopis glandulosa

thorny deep-rooted drought-resistant shrub native to southwestern United States and Mexico bearing pods rich in sugar and important as livestock feed; tends to form extensive thickets

mesquite, mesquit

any of several small spiny trees or shrubs of the genus Prosopis having small flowers in axillary cylindrical spikes followed by large sugar-rich pods

algarroba, Prosopis juliflora, Prosopis juliiflora

mesquite of Gulf Coast and Caribbean islands from Mexico to Venezuela

algarroba, algarrobilla, algarobilla

mesquite pod used in tanning and dying

screw bean

spirally twisted sweet pod of screwbean mesquite that is used for fodder or ground into meal for feed

screw bean, screwbean, tornillo, screwbean mesquite, Prosopis pubescens

shrub or small tree of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico having spirally twisted pods

Apocynum, genus Apocynum

perennial herbs with small pink or white flowers

Apocynaceae, family Apocynaceae, dogbane family

chiefly tropical trees or shrubs or herbs having milky juice and often showy flowers; many are sources of drugs

dogbane

any of several poisonous perennial plants of the genus Apocynum having acrid milky juice and bll-shaped white or pink flowers and a very bitter root

common dogbane, spreading dogbane, rheumatism weed, Apocynum androsaemifolium

North American perennial having pinkish flowers in loose cymes; used in folk medicine for pain or inflammation in joints

Indian hemp, rheumatism weed, Apocynum cannabinum

Canadian dogbane yielding a tough fiber used as cordage by native Americans; used in folk medicine for pain or inflammation in joints

Rocky Mountain dogbane, Apocynum pumilum

North American plant similar to common dogbane

Acocanthera, genus Acocanthera, Acokanthera, genus Acokanthera

small genus of trees and shrubs containing strongly toxic cardiac glycosides; Arabia to Africa

winter sweet, poison arrow plant, Acocanthera oblongifolia, Acocanthera spectabilis

medium-sized shrubby tree of South Africa having thick leathery evergreen leaves and white or pink flowers and globose usually two-seeded purplish black fruits

bushman's poison, ordeal tree, Acocanthera oppositifolia, Acocanthera venenata

evergreen shrub or tree of South Africa

Adenium, genus Adenium

1 species: succulent shrub or tree of tropical Africa and Arabia

impala lily, mock azalia, desert rose, kudu lily, Adenium obesum, Adenium multiflorum

South African shrub having a swollen succulent stem and bearing showy pink and white flowers after the leaves fall; popular as an ornamental in tropics

genus Allamanda

genus of tropical American woody vines

common allamanda, golden trumpet, Allamanda cathartica

vigorous evergreen climbing plant of South America having glossy leathery foliage and golden yellow flowers

allamanda

a plant of the genus Allamanda having large showy funnel-shaped flowers in terminal cymes

Alstonia, genus Alstonia

genus of evergreen trees or shrubs with white funnel-shaped flowers and milky sap; tropical Africa to southeastern Asia and Polynesia

Amsonia, genus Amsonia

genus of herbs and subshrubs with milky juice and showy bluish flowers; Europe to Asia Minor to Japan and North America

dita, dita bark, devil tree, Alstonia scholaris

evergreen tree of eastern Asia and Philippines having large leathery leaves and small green-white flowers in compact cymes; bark formerly used medicinally

blue star, Amsonia tabernaemontana

subshrubs of southeastern United States forming slow-growing clumps and having blue flowers in short terminal cymes

Beaumontia, genus Beaumontia

small genus of evergreen woody vines; East India and Asia

Nepal trumpet flower, Easter lily vine, Beaumontia grandiflora

evergreen woody twiner with large glossy leaves and showy corymbs of fragrant white trumpet-shaped flowers

genus Carissa

Old World genus of tropical evergreen usually spiny shrubs

hedge thorn, natal plum, Carissa bispinosa

South African shrub having forked spines and plumlike fruit; frequently used as hedging

carissa

a shrub of the genus Carissa having fragrant white flowers and plumlike red to purple-black fruits

natal plum, amatungulu, Carissa macrocarpa, Carissa grandiflora

very large closely branched South African shrub having forked bright green spines and shiny leaves

Catharanthus, genus Catharanthus

small genus of erect annual or perennial herbs native to Madagascar; widely naturalized in the tropics; formerly included in genus Vinca

Mandevilla, genus Mandevilla, Dipladenia, genus Dipladenia

genus of tropical South American tuberous perennial woody vines with large racemose flowers and milky sap

periwinkle, rose periwinkle, Madagascar periwinkle, old maid, Cape periwinkle, red periwinkle, cayenne jasmine, Catharanthus roseus, Vinca rosea

commonly cultivated Old World woody herb having large pinkish to red flowers

Holarrhena, genus Holarrhena

genus of deciduous trees and shrubs of tropical Africa and Asia

ivory tree, conessi, kurchi, kurchee, Holarrhena pubescens, Holarrhena antidysenterica

tropical Asian tree with hard white wood and bark formerly used as a remedy for dysentery and diarrhea

white dipladenia, Mandevilla boliviensis, Dipladenia boliviensis

shrubby climber having glossy leaves and white funnel-shaped flowers with yellow throats

Plumeria, genus Plumeria, Plumiera

deciduous shrubs and trees of tropical America having branches like candelabra and fragrant white or pink flowers

Chilean jasmine, Mandevilla laxa

woody vine of Argentina grown as an ornamental for its glossy leaves and racemes of large fragrant funnel-shaped creamy-white flowers

Nerium, genus Nerium

1 species: oleander

oleander, rose bay, Nerium oleander

an ornamental but poisonous flowering shrub having narrow evergreen leaves and clusters of fragrant white to pink or red flowers: native to East Indies but widely cultivated in warm regions

frangipani, frangipanni

any of various tropical American deciduous shrubs or trees of the genus Plumeriaving milky sap and showy fragrant funnel-shaped variously colored flowers

genus Rauwolfia, genus Rauvolfia

pantropical genus of somewhat poisonous shrubs and small trees

pagoda tree, temple tree, Plumeria acutifolia

frangipani of India having an erect habit and conical form; grown in temple gardens

West Indian jasmine, pagoda tree, Plumeria alba

tall sparingly branched conical tree having large fragrant yellow flowers with white centers

rauwolfia, rauvolfia

any shrub or small tree of the genus Rauwolfia having leaves in whorls and cymose flowers; yield substances used medicinally especially as emetics or purgatives

snakewood, Rauwolfia serpentina

East Indian climbing shrub with twisted limbs and roots resembling serpents

genus Strophanthus

genus of tropical Asiatic and African shrubs and woody vines and small trees

crape jasmine, crepe jasmine, crepe gardenia, pinwheel flower, East Indian rosebay, Adam's apple, Nero's crown, coffee rose, Tabernaemontana divaricate

tropical shrub having glossy foliage and fragrant nocturnal flowers with crimped or wavy corollas; northern India to Thailand

strophanthus

any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Strophanthus having whorled leaves and showy flowers of various colors in dense and few-flowered corymbose clusters; some have poisonous seeds

Strophanthus kombe

source of strophanthin which in in moderate doses is a cardiac stimulant but in larger doses a violent poison

Tabernaemontana, genus Tabernaemontana

evergreen tropical trees and shrubs with milky sap

Thevetia, genus Thevetia

genus of poisonous tropical American evergreen shrubs and trees having entire leaves and large cymose flowers

yellow oleander, Thevetia peruviana, Thevetia neriifolia

tropical American shrub or small tree having glossy dark green leaves and fragrant saffron yellow to orange or peach- colored flowers; all parts highly poisonous

star jasmine, confederate jasmine, Trachelospermum jasminoides

evergreen Chinese woody climber with shiny dark green leaves and intensely fragrant white flowers

Trachelospermum, genus Trachelospermum

genus of Asiatic woody vines with milky sap in leaves and stems

myrtle, Vinca minor

widely cultivated as a groundcover for its dark green shiny leaves and usually blue-violet flowers

Vinca, genus Vinca

periwinkles: low creeping evergreen perennials

periwinkle

chiefly trailing poisonous plants with blue flowers

Araceae, family Araceae, arum family

anthurium; calla lily; jack-in-the-pulpit; philodendron

large periwinkle, Vinca major

plant having variegated foliage and used for window boxes

Arales, order Arales

Araceae; Lemnaceae

arum

sagolike starch obtained from cuckoopint root

arum, aroid

any plant of the family Araceae; have small flowers massed on a spadix surrounded by a large spathe

genus Arum

type genus of the Araceae: tuberous perennial herbs of Europe and Asia with usually heart-shaped leaves

black calla, Arum palaestinum

ornamental plant of Middle East cultivated for its dark purple spathe

cuckoopint, lords-and-ladies, jack-in-the-pulpit, Arum maculatum

common European arum with lanceolate spathe and short purple spadix; emerges in early spring; source of a sagolike starch called arum

Acorus, genus Acorus

sweet flags; sometimes placed in subfamily Acoraceae

Acoraceae, subfamily Acoraceae

used in some classifications for the genus Acorus which is usually assigned to Araceae

sweet flag, calamus, sweet calamus, myrtle flag, flagroot, Acorus calamus

perennial marsh plant having swordlike leaves and aromatic roots

calamus

the aromatic root of the sweet flag used medicinally

Chinese evergreen, Japanese leaf, Aglaonema modestum

erect or partially climbing herb having large green or variegated leaves

Aglaonema, genus Aglaonema

climbing herbs of southeastern Asia having thick fleshy oblong leaves and naked unisexual flowers: Chinese evergreen

alocasia, elephant's ear, elephant ear

any plant of the genus Alocasia having large showy basal leaves and boat-shaped spathe and reddish berries

genus Alocasia

tropical Asiatic herbs similar to Colocasia but distinguished by a large sterile spadix

giant taro, Alocasia macrorrhiza

large evergreen with extremely large erect or spreading leaves; cultivated widely in tropics for its edible rhizome and shoots; used in wet warm regions as a stately ornamental

genus Amorphophallus

genus of large tropical east Asian cormous aroids: devil's tongue; snake palm

amorphophallus

any plant of the genus Amorphophallus

pungapung, telingo potato, elephant yam, Amorphophallus paeonifolius, Amorphophallus campanulatus

putrid-smelling aroid of southeastern Asia (especially the Philippines) grown for its edible tuber

devil's tongue, snake palm, umbrella arum, Amorphophallus rivieri

foul-smelling somewhat fleshy tropical plant of southeastern Asia cultivated for its edible corms or in the greenhouse for its large leaves and showy dark red spathe surrounding a large spadix

krubi, titan arum, Amorphophallus titanum

malodorous tropical plant having a spathe that resembles the corolla of a morning glory and attains a diameter of several feet

genus Anthurium

large genus of often epiphytic evergreen tropical American plants often cultivated as houseplants

anthurium, tailflower

any of various tropical American plants cultivated for their showy foliage and flowers

jack-in-the-pulpit, Indian turnip, wake-robin, Arisaema triphyllum, Arisaema atrorubens

common American spring-flowering woodland herb having sheathing leaves and an upright club-shaped spadix with overarching green and purple spathe producing scarlet berries

flamingo flower, flamingo plant, Anthurium andraeanum

commonly cultivated anthurium having bright scarlet spathe and spadix

flamingo flower, flamingo plant, Anthurium scherzerianum

commonly cultivated anthurium having bright scarlet spathe and spadix

Arisaema, genus Arisaema

tuberous or rhizomatous herbaceous perennials

green dragon, Arisaema dracontium

early spring-flowering plant of eastern North America resembling the related jack-in-the-pulpit but having digitate leaves, slender greenish yellow spathe and elongated spadix

Arisarum, genus Arisarum

tuberous or rhizomatous perennial herbs; mainly Mediterranean area

friar's-cowl, Arisarum vulgare

tuberous perennial having a cowl-shaped maroon or violet-black spathe; Mediterranean; Canaries; Azores

genus Caladium

small genus of tropical South American tuberous perennials with large variously colored leaves

caladium

any plant of the genus Caladium cultivated for their ornamental foliage variously patterned in white or pink or red

Caladium bicolor

most popular caladium; cultivated in many varieties since the late 19th century

wild calla, water arum, Calla palustris

plant of wetlands and bogs of temperate regions having small greenish flowers partly enclosed in a white spathe and red berries

Calla, genus Calla

water arum

Colocasia, genus Colocasia

small genus of perennial tuberous herbs of tropical Asia: taro

taro, cocoyam, dasheen, eddo

edible starchy tuberous root of taro plants

taro, taro plant, dalo, dasheen, Colocasia esculenta

herb of the Pacific islands grown throughout the tropics for its edible root and in temperate areas as an ornamental for its large glossy leaves

cryptocoryne, water trumpet

any plant of the genus Cryptocoryne; evergreen perennials growing in fresh or brackish water; tropical Asia

genus Cryptocoryne

water trumpet; aquatic herbs having broad leaves and long slender spathes; often used as aquarium plants

Dieffenbachia, genus Dieffenbachia

evergreen perennial herbs of tropical America with lush foliage and poisonous sap; often cultivated as houseplants

dumb cane, mother-in-law plant, mother-in-law's tongue, Dieffenbachia sequine

a evergreen plant with large showy dark green leaves; contains a poison that swells the tongue and throat hence the name

genus Dracontium

small genus of tropical American cormous herbs

Dracunculus, genus Dracunculus

tuberous herbaceous perennials: dragon arum

dracontium

any plant of the genus Dracontium; strongly malodorous tropical American plants usually with gigantic leaves

dragon arum, green dragon, Dracunculus vulgaris

European arum resembling the cuckoopint

golden pothos, pothos, ivy arum, Epipremnum aureum, Scindapsus aureus

evergreen liana widely cultivated for its variegated foliage

Epipremnum, genus Epipremnum

small genus of evergreen lianas of southeastern Asia to western Pacific areas

skunk cabbage, Lysichiton americanum

clump-forming deciduous perennial swamp plant of western North America similar to Symplocarpus foetidus but having a yellow spathe

Lysichiton, genus Lysichiton, Lysichitum, genus Lysichitum

skunk cabbage

genus Monstera

tropical American climbing plant with deeply incised leaves

monstera

any plant of the genus Monstera; often grown as houseplants

ceriman, Monstera deliciosa

tropical American vine having hanging cord-like roots and cylindrical fruit with pineapple-banana flavor

genus Nephthytis

small genus of tropical western African creeping or twining herbs

Orontium, genus Orontium

1 species of aquatic plant: golden club

nephthytis

any plant of the genus Nephthytis

Nephthytis afzelii

tropical rhizomatous plant cultivated as an ornamental for its large sagittate leaves

golden club, Orontium aquaticum

aquatic plant of the southeastern United States having blue-green leaves and and a club-like spadix covered with tiny yellow flowers

arrow arum

an aquatic plant of the genus Peltandra; North America

Peltandra, genus Peltandra

small genus of North American marsh or aquatic herbs

genus Philodendron

any of several tropical American climbing plants with smooth shiny evergreen leaves

green arrow arum, tuckahoe, Peltandra virginica

perennial herb of the eastern United States having arrowhead-shaped leaves and an elongate pointed spathe and green berries

pistia, water lettuce, water cabbage, Pistia stratiotes, Pistia stratoites

pantropical floating plant forming a rosette of wedge-shaped leaves; a widespread weed in rivers and lakes

philodendron

often grown as a houseplant

genus Pistia

1 species: water lettuce

Xanthosoma, genus Xanthosoma

tropical American tuberous perennials

Scindapsus, genus Scindapsus, genus Pothos

evergreen climbers with adhesive adventitious roots; southeastern Asia and Brazil

pothos

any of various tropical lianas of the genus Scindapsus

genus Spathiphyllum

evergreen rhizomatous perennials of tropical America and Philippines and Indonesia

spathiphyllum, peace lily, spathe flower

any of various plants of the genus Spathiphyllum having a white or green spathe and a spite of fragrant flowers and often cultivated as an ornamental

Symplocarpus, genus Symplocarpus

one species: skunk cabbage

skunk cabbage, polecat weed, foetid pothos, Symplocarpus foetidus

deciduous perennial low-growing fetid swamp plant of eastern North America having minute flowers enclosed in a mottled greenish or purple cowl-shaped spathe

Syngonium, genus Syngonium

epiphytic or terrestrial climbing shrubs of Central and South America; used as ornamental houseplants for their velvety foliage

yautia, tannia, spoonflower, malanga, Xanthosoma sagittifolium, Xanthosoma atrovirens

tropical American aroid having edible tubers that are cooked and eaten like yams or potatoes

calla lily, calla, arum lily, Zantedeschia aethiopica

South African plant widely cultivated for its showy pure white spathe and yellow spadix

Zantedeschia, genus Zantedeschia

calla lily

Lemnaceae, family Lemnaceae, duckweed family

family of small free-floating thalloid plants

pink calla, Zantedeschia rehmanii

calla having a rose-colored spathe

golden calla

any of several callas of the genus Zantedeschia having yellow spathes

duckweed

any small or minute aquatic plant of the family Lemnaceae that float on or near the surface of shallow ponds

star-duckweed, Lemna trisulca

cosmopolitan in temperate regions except North America

Lemna, genus Lemna

minute aquatic herbs floating on or below the water surface of still water consisting of a leaflike frond or plant body and single root

common duckweed, lesser duckweed, Lemna minor

of temperate regions except eastern Asia and Australia

Spirodela, genus Spirodela

minute aquatic herbs floating on the water surface consisting of a shiny leaflike frond and 2-21 roots

great duckweed, water flaxseed, Spirodela polyrrhiza

cosmopolitan except South America and New Zealand and some oceanic islands

Wolffia, genus Wolffia

minute rootless aquatic herbs having globular fronds floating on or near the water surface and bearing one flower per frond

watermeal

any of various aquatic plants of the genus Wolffia; throughout warmer regions of the world

Wolffiella, genus Wolffiella

minute rootless aquatic herbs having flat fronds floating on or below the water surface and bearing 1-2 flowers per frond; America and Africa

common wolffia, Wolffia columbiana

smallest flowering plants known; of the Americas

mud midget, bogmat, Wolffiella gladiata

having narrow flat sickle-shaped submerged fronds; North America

Araliaceae, family Araliaceae, ivy family

mostly tropical trees and shrubs and lianas: ginseng; hedera

genus Aralia

type genus of Araliaceae; large widely distributed genus of shrubs and trees and vines: spikenard; Hercules'-club

aralia

any of various plants of the genus Aralia; often aromatic plants having compound leaves and small umbellate flowers

Chinese angelica, Chinese angelica tree, Aralia stipulata

similar to American angelica tree but less prickly; China

American angelica tree, devil's walking stick, Hercules'-club, Aralia spinosa

small deciduous clump-forming tree or shrub of eastern United States

wild sarsaparilla, false sarsaparilla, wild sarsparilla, Aralia nudicaulis

common perennial herb having aromatic roots used as a substitute for sarsaparilla; central and eastern North America

American spikenard, petty morel, life-of-man, Aralia racemosa

unarmed woody rhizomatous perennial plant distinguished from wild sarsaparilla by more aromatic roots and panicled umbels; southeastern North America to Mexico

bristly sarsaparilla, bristly sarsparilla, dwarf elder, Aralia hispida

bristly herb of eastern and central North America having black fruit and medicinal bark

Japanese angelica tree, Aralia elata

deciduous clump-forming Asian shrub or small tree; adventive in the eastern United States

Panax, genus Panax

perennial herbs of eastern North America and Asia having aromatic tuberous roots: ginseng

Hedera, genus Hedera

Old World woody vines

ivy, common ivy, English ivy, Hedera helix

Old World vine with lobed evergreen leaves and black berrylike fruits

Meryta, genus Meryta

small to medium evergreen dioecious trees of oceanic climates: puka

puka, Meryta sinclairii

small round-headed New Zealand tree having large resinous leaves and panicles of green-white flowers

Aristolochiales, order Aristolochiales

plants distinguished by tubular petaloid perianth and inferior ovary: Aristolochiaceae; Rafflesiaceae; Hydnoraceae

ginseng, nin-sin, Panax ginseng, Panax schinseng, Panax pseudoginseng

Chinese herb with palmately compound leaves and small greenish flowers and forked aromatic roots believed to have medicinal powers

American ginseng, sang, Panax quinquefolius

North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng

Schefflera, genus Schefflera

large genus of shrubby and climbing tropical plants having showy digitately compound foliage

umbrella tree, Schefflera actinophylla, Brassaia actinophylla

erect evergreen shrub or small tree of Australia and northern Guinea having palmately compound leaves

birthwort, Aristolochia clematitis

creeping plant having curving flowers thought to resemble fetuses; native to Europe; naturalized Great Britain and eastern North America

Aristolochiaceae, family Aristolochiaceae, birthwort family

birthworts; wild ginger

Aristolochia, genus Aristolochia

birthworts; dutchman's pipe

Dutchman's-pipe, pipe vine, Aristolochia macrophylla, Aristolochia durior

hardy deciduous vine having large leaves and flowers with the calyx tube curved like the bowl of a pipe

Virginia snakeroot, Virginia serpentaria, Virginia serpentary, Aristolochia serpentaria

birthwort of the eastern United States woodlands

wild ginger

low-growing perennial herb with pungent gingery leaves and rhizomes

Asarum, genus Asarum

wild ginger

Canada ginger, black snakeroot, Asarum canadense

deciduous low-growing perennial of Canada and eastern and central United States

heartleaf, Asarum virginicum

evergreen low-growing perennial having mottled green and silvery-gray heart-shaped pungent leaves; Virginia to South Carolina

heartleaf, Asarum shuttleworthii

wild ginger having persistent heart-shaped pungent leaves; West Virginia to Alabama

asarabacca, Asarum europaeum

thick creeping evergreen herb of western Europe

Caryophyllidae, subclass Caryophyllidae

a group of families of mostly flowers having basal or free-central placentation and trinucleate pollen (binucleate pollen is commoner in flowering plants); contains 14 families including: Caryophyllaceae (carnations and pinks); Aizoaceae; Amaranthaceae; Batidaceae; Chenopodiaceae; Cactaceae (order Opuntiales); Nyctaginaceae; Phytolaccaceae; corresponds approximately to order Caryophyllales; sometimes classified as a superorder

Caryophyllales, order Caryophyllales, Chenopodiales, order-Chenopodiales

corresponds approximately to the older group Centrospermae

Centrospermae, group Centrospermae

used in former classification systems; approximately synonymous with order Caryophyllales

caryophyllaceous plant

a plant of the family Caryophyllaceae

Caryophyllaceae, family Caryophyllaceae, carnation family, pink family

large family of herbs or subshrubs (usually with stems swollen at the nodes)

Agrostemma, genus Agrostemma

a caryophylloid dicot genus including corn cockles

sandwort

low-growing chiefly perennial plants usually with small white flowers suitable for e.g. rock gardens

corn cockle, corn campion, crown-of-the-field, Agrostemma githago

European annual having large trumpet-shaped reddish-purple flowers and poisonous seed; a common weed in grainfields and beside roadways; naturalized in America

Arenaria, genus Arenaria

sandworts

pine-barren sandwort, longroot, Arenaria caroliniana

deep-rooted perennial of southeastern United States

mountain sandwort, mountain starwort, mountain daisy, Arenaria groenlandica

boreal or alpine sandwort

rock sandwort, Arenaria stricta

low perennial tufted plant of southeastern North America

seabeach sandwort, Arenaria peploides

perennial succulent herb with small solitary axillary or terminal flowers

Alpine mouse-ear, Arctic mouse-ear, Cerastium alpinum

widespread in Arctic and on mountains in Europe

thyme-leaved sandwort, Arenaria serpyllifolia

Eurasian annual sprawling plant naturalized throughout North America

Cerastium, genus Cerastium

mouse-eared chickweed

mouse-ear chickweed, mouse eared chickweed, mouse ear, clammy chickweed, chickweed

any of various plants related to the common chickweed

field chickweed, field mouse-ear, Cerastium arvense

densely tufted perennial chickweed of north temperate zone

snow-in-summer, love-in-a-mist, Cerastium tomentosum

chickweed with hairy silver-gray leaves and rather large white flowers

carnation, clove pink, gillyflower, Dianthus caryophyllus

Eurasian plant with pink to purple-red spice-scented usually double flowers; widely cultivated in many varieties and many colors

Dianthus, genus Dianthus

carnations and pinks

pink, garden pink

any of various flowers of plants of the genus Dianthus cultivated for their fragrant flowers

sweet William, Dianthus barbatus

Eurasian pink widely cultivated for its flat-topped dense clusters of varicolored flowers

Japanese pink, Dianthus chinensis heddewigii

very free-flowering variety distinguished by jagged-edged petals

china pink, rainbow pink, Dianthus chinensis

Chinese pink with deeply toothed rose-lilac flowers with a purplish eye; usually raised as an annual

maiden pink, Dianthus deltoides

low-growing loosely mat-forming Eurasian pink with single crimson-eyed pale pink flowers

cheddar pink, Diangus gratianopolitanus

mat-forming perennial of central Europe with large fragrant pink or red flowers

cottage pink, grass pink, Dianthus plumarius

European pink cultivated for its very fragrant pink or rosy flowers

button pink, Dianthus latifolius

much-branched pink with flowers in clusters; closely related to sweet William

fringed pink, Dianthus supurbus

Eurasian perennial pink having fragrant lilac or rose flowers with deeply fringed margins

drypis

spiny-leaved perennial herb of southern Europe having terminal clusters of small flowers

genus Drypis

1 species

Gypsophila, genus Gypsophila

Mediterranean herbs having small white or pink flowers

baby's breath, babies'-breath, Gypsophila paniculata

tall plant with small lance-shaped leaves and numerous tiny white or pink flowers

Hernaria, genus Hernaria

low-growing Old World herbs with minute bright green leaves

rupturewort, Hernaria glabra

common prostrate Old World herb often used as a ground cover; formerly reputed to cure ruptures

coral necklace, Illecebrum verticullatum

glabrous annual with slender taproot and clusters of white flowers; western Europe especially western Mediterranean and Atlantic coastal areas

Illecebrum, genus Illecebrum

1 species: coral necklace

lychnis, catchfly

mostly perennial herbs with sticky stems that catch insects; widespread in north temperate zone

genus Lychnis

genus of plants strongly resembling those of genus Silene: catchfly

ragged robin, cuckoo flower, Lychnis flos-cuculi, Lychins floscuculi

common perennial native to Europe and western Asia having usually pink flowers with ragged petals

scarlet lychnis, maltese cross, Lychins chalcedonica

Eurasian garden perennial having scarlet flowers in dense terminal heads

Moehringia, genus Moehringia

low-growing herbs widely distributed in temperate and arctic northern hemisphere: sandworts; distinguished from members of the genus Arenaria mainly by having 4- rather than 5-petaled flowers

mullein pink, rose campion, gardener's delight, dusty miller, Lychnis coronaria

an old cottage garden plant of southeastern Europe widely cultivated for its attractive white woolly foliage and showy crimson flowers

Minuartia, genus Minuartia

mostly perennial herbs of northern hemisphere often with mat-forming habit; most often placed in genus Arenaria: sandworts

sandwort, Moehringia mucosa

loosely matted plant with mosslike foliage studded with tiny starry 4-petaled white blossoms; mountains of central and southern Europe

sandwort, Moehringia lateriflora

low-growing herb having clusters of small white-flowers 4-petaled flowers

Paronychia, genus Paronychia

low-growing annual or perennial herbs or woody plants; whitlowworts

Petrocoptis, genus Petrocoptis

perennial tussock-forming rock plants; of Pyrenees and mountains of northern Spain; similar to and sometimes placed in genus Lychnis

whitlowwort

any of various low-growing tufted plants of the genus Paronychia having tiny greenish flowers and usually whorled leaves; widespread throughout warm regions of both Old and New Worlds; formerly thought to cure whitlows (suppurative infections around a fingernail)

pearlwort, pearlweed

any of various low-growing plants of the genus Sagina having small spherical flowers resembling pearls

Sagina, genus Sagina

small low-growing annual or perennial herbs of temperate and cool regions

soapwort, hedge pink, bouncing Bet, bouncing Bess, Saponaria officinalis

plant of European origin having pink or white flowers and leaves yielding a detergent when bruised

Saponaria, genus Saponaria

mostly perennial Old World herbs

Scleranthus, genus Scleranthus

small genus of Old World weedy prostrate annuals: knawel

knawel, knawe, Scleranthus annuus

widely distributed low-growing Eurasian herb having narrow leaves and inconspicuous green flowers

genus Silene

large widely distributed genus of plants having mostly showy flowers of various colors: campion; catchfly

moss campion, Silene acaulis

tuft- or mat-forming dwarf perennial of arctic regions of western and central Europe and North America

silene, campion, catchfly

any plant of the genus Silene

wild pink, Silene caroliniana

perennial of eastern and central North America having short-stalked pink or white flowers in hairy clusters

red campion, red bird's eye, Silene dioica, Lychnis dioica

biennial European catchfly having red or pink flowers; sometimes placed in genus Lychnis

fire pink, Silene virginica

perennial herb of eastern North America, having red flowers with narrow notched petals

white campion, evening lychnis, white cockle, bladder campion, Silene latifolia, Lychnis alba

bluish-green herb having sticky stems and clusters of large evening-opening white flowers with much-inflated calyx; sometimes placed in genus Lychnis

bladder campion, Silene uniflora, Silene vulgaris

perennial of arctic Europe having large white flowers with inflated calyx

Spergularia, genus Spergularia

chiefly maritimes Eurasian herbs: sand spurry; sea spurry

Spergula, genus Spergula

small genus of Old World annual herbs: corn spurry

corn spurry, corn spurrey, Spergula arvensis

small European weed with whorled leaves and white flowers

common chickweed, Stellaria media

a common low-growing annual garden weed with small white flowers; cosmopolitan; so-called because it is eaten by chickens

sand spurry, sea spurry, Spergularia rubra

prostrate weedy herb with tiny pink flowers; widespread throughout Europe and Asia on sand dunes and heath and coastal cliffs; naturalized in eastern North America

Stellaria, genus Stellaria

common chickweed; stitchwort

chickweed

any of various plants of the genus Stellaria

stitchwort, greater stitchwort, starwort, Stellaria holostea

low-growing north temperate herb having small white star-shaped flowers; named for its alleged ability to ease sharp pains in the side

cowherb, cow cockle, Vaccaria hispanica, Vaccaria pyramidata, Saponaria vaccaria

European annual with pale rose-colored flowers; cultivated flower or self-sown grainfield weed; introduced in North America; sometimes classified as a soapwort

Vaccaria, genus Vaccaria

cow-cockles

Aizoaceae, family Aizoaceae, Tetragoniaceae, family Tetragoniaceae, carpetweed family

succulent herbs or small shrubs mostly of South Africa but also New Zealand and North America: carpetweeds; fig marigolds

Carpobrotus, genus Carpobrotus

a caryophyllaceous genus of Carpobrotus

Dorotheanthus, genus Dorotheanthus

a caryophyllaceous genus of Dorotheanthus

Hottentot fig, Hottentot's fig, sour fig, Carpobrotus edulis, Mesembryanthemum edule

low-growing South African succulent plant having a capsular fruit containing edible pulp

genus Lithops

genus of stemless South African succulents

livingstone daisy, Dorotheanthus bellidiformis

low-growing showy succulent annual of South Africa having white or pink or red or orange flowers and spatulate leaves covered in crystal-like papillae

lithops, living stone, stoneface, stone plant, stone life face, flowering stone

any plant of the genus Lithops native to Africa having solitary yellow or white flowers and thick leaves that resemble stones

Mesembryanthemum, genus Mesembryanthemum

South African annual or biennial plants having flowers that open only in bright sunlight

ice plant, icicle plant, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum

Old World annual widely naturalized in warm regions having white flowers and fleshy foliage covered with icelike hairs

fig marigold, pebble plant

any of several South African plants of the genus Mesembryanthemum cultivated for showy pink or white flowers

carpetweed, Indian chickweed, Molluga verticillata

annual prostrate mat-forming weed having whorled leaves and small greenish-white flowers; widespread throughout North America

Molluga, genus Molluga

carpetweeds

Pleiospilos, genus Pleiospilos

perennial succulents of South Africa

living granite, living rock, stone mimicry plant

highly succulent stemless clump-forming plants with gray-green leaves similar in texture to lumps of granite; South Africa

Amaranthaceae, family Amaranthaceae, amaranth family

cosmopolitan family of herbs and shrubs

Tetragonia, genus Tetragonia

New Zealand spinach

New Zealand spinach, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Tetragonia expansa

coarse sprawling Australasian plant with red or yellow flowers; cultivated for its edible young shoots and succulent leaves

Amaranthus, genus Amaranthus

large widely distributed genus of chiefly coarse annual herbs

amaranth

any of various plants of the genus Amaranthus having dense plumes of green or red flowers; often cultivated for food

tumblewed, Amaranthus albus, Amaranthus graecizans

bushy plant of western United States

pigweed, Amaranthus hypochondriacus

leaves sometimes used as potherbs; seeds used as cereal; southern United States to Central America; India and China

love-lies-bleeding, velvet flower, tassel flower, Amaranthus caudatus

young leaves widely used as leaf vegetables; seeds used as cereal

prince's-feather, gentleman's-cane, prince's-plume, red amaranth, purple amaranth, Amaranthus cruentus, Amaranthus hybridus hypochondriacus, Amaranthus hybridus erythrostachys

tall showy tropical American annual having hairy stems and long spikes of usually red flowers above leaves deeply flushed with purple; seeds often used as cereal

thorny amaranth, Amaranthus spinosus

erect annual of tropical central Asia and Africa having a pair of divergent spines at most leaf nodes

Alternanthera, genus Alternanthera

genus of low herbs of tropical America and Australia; includes genus Telanthera

Celosia, genus Celosia

annual or perennial herbs or vines of tropical and subtropical America and Asia and Africa

alligator weed, alligator grass, Alternanthera philoxeroides

prolific South American aquatic weed having grasslike leaves and short spikes of white flowers; clogs waterways with dense floating masses

red fox, Celosia argentea

weedy annual with spikes of silver-white flowers

cockscomb, common cockscomb, Celosia cristata, Celosia argentea cristata

garden annual with featherlike spikes of red or yellow flowers

Froelichia, genus Froelichia

genus of erect or procumbent herbs of the Americas having spikes of woolly white flowers: cottonweed

globe amaranth, bachelor's button, Gomphrena globosa

tropical American herb having rose to red or purple flowers that can be dried without losing color

cottonweed

any of various plants of the genus Froelichia found in sandy soils and on rocky slopes in warmer regions of America; grown for their spikes of woolly white flowers

Gomphrena, genus Gomphrena

genus of tropical herbs or subshrubs having flowers in close heads; tropical America and Australia

bloodleaf

any plant of the genus Iresine having colored foliage

Iresine, genus Iresine

genus of tropical American herbs or subshrubs

Batidaceae, family Batidaceae, saltwort family

family coextensive with genus Batis: saltworts

beefsteak plant, beef plant, Iresine herbstii, Iresine reticulata

South American plant having green to purple or red branches with green to purple ornamental foliage and spikes of insignificant woolly flowers with dry membranous bracts

Telanthera, genus Telanthera

used in former classifications systems; now included in genus Alternanthera

Batis, genus Batis

small genus of plants constituting the family Batidaceae: low straggling dioecious shrubs

American wormseed, Mexican tea, Spanish tea, wormseed, Chenopodium ambrosioides

rank-smelling tropical American pigweed

saltwort, Batis maritima

low-growing strong-smelling coastal shrub of warm parts of the New World having unisexual flowers in conelike spikes and thick succulent leaves

Chenopodiaceae, family Chenopodiaceae, goosefoot family

includes spinach and beets

Chenopodium, genus Chenopodium

goosefoot; pigweed

goosefoot

any of various weeds of the genus Chenopodium having small greenish flowers

lamb's-quarters, pigweed, wild spinach, Chenopodium album

common weedy European plant introduced into North America; often used as a potherb

strawberry blite, strawberry pigweed, Indian paint, Chenopodium capitatum

European annual with clusters of greenish flowers followed by red pulpy berrylike fruit; naturalized North America

good-king-henry, allgood, fat hen, wild spinach, Chenopodium bonus-henricus

European plant naturalized in North America; often collected from the wild as a potherb

Jerusalem oak, feather geranium, Mexican tea, Chenopodium botrys, Atriplex mexicana

Eurasian aromatic oak-leaved goosefoot with many yellow-green flowers; naturalized North America

oak-leaved goosefoot, oakleaf goosefoot, Chenopodium glaucum

annual European plant with spikes of greenish flowers and leaves that are white-hairy beneath; common as a weed in North America

nettle-leaved goosefoot, nettleleaf goosefoot, Chenopodium murale

European annual with coarsely dentate leaves; widespread in United States and southern Canada

sowbane, red goosefoot, Chenopodium hybridum

herb considered fatal to swine

stinking goosefoot, Chenopodium vulvaria

European goosefoot with strong-scented foliage; adventive in eastern North America

red goosefoot, French spinach, Chenopodium rubrum

common Eurasian weed; naturalized in United States

saltbush

any of various shrubby plants of the genus Atriplex that thrive in dry alkaline soil

Atriplex, genus Atriplex

orach; saltbush

orach, orache

any of various herbaceous plants of the genus Atriplex that thrive in deserts and salt marshes

desert holly, Atriplex hymenelytra

handsome low saltbush of arid southwestern United States and Mexico having blue-green prickly-edged leaves often used for Christmas decoration

garden orache, mountain spinach, Atriplex hortensis

Asiatic plant resembling spinach often used as a potherb; naturalized in Europe and North America

quail bush, quail brush, white thistle, Atriplex lentiformis

spiny shrub with silvery-scurfy foliage of alkaline plains of southwestern United States and Mexico

summer cypress, burning bush, firebush, belvedere, Bassia scoparia, Kochia scoparia

densely branched Eurasian plant; foliage turns purple-red in autumn

Bassia, genus Bassia, Kochia, genus Kochia

summer cypress

beet, common beet, Beta vulgaris

biennial Eurasian plant usually having a swollen edible root; widely cultivated as a food crop

Beta, genus Beta

beets

mangel-wurzel, mangold-wurzel, mangold, Beta vulgaris vulgaris

beet with a large yellowish root; grown chiefly as cattle feed

beetroot, Beta vulgaris rubra

beet having a massively swollen red root; widely grown for human consumption

chard, Swiss chard, spinach beet, leaf beet, chard plant, Beta vulgaris cicla

beet lacking swollen root; grown as a vegetable for its edible leaves and stalks

sugar beet

form of the common beet having a sweet white root from which sugar is obtained

Cycloloma, genus Cycloloma

a caryophyllaceous genus of the family Chenopodiaceae

winged pigweed, tumbleweed, Cycloloma atriplicifolium

bushy annual weed of central North America having greenish flowers and winged seeds

genus Halogeton

a caryophyllaceous genus of the family Chenopodiaceae

halogeton, Halogeton glomeratus

a coarse annual herb introduced into North America from Siberia; dangerous to sheep and cattle on western rangelands because of its high oxalate content

barilla, Halogeton souda

Algerian plant formerly burned to obtain calcium carbonate

saltwort, barilla, glasswort, kali, kelpwort, Salsola kali, Salsola soda

bushy plant of Old World salt marshes and sea beaches having prickly leaves; burned to produce a crude soda ash

Salicornia, genus Salicornia

glassworts

glasswort, samphire, Salicornia europaea

fleshy maritime plant having fleshy stems with rudimentary scalelike leaves and small spikes of minute flowers; formerly used in making glass

Salsola, genus Salsola

chiefly Old World herbs or shrubs: saltworts

spinach, spinach plant, prickly-seeded spinach, Spinacia oleracea

southwestern Asian plant widely cultivated for its succulent edible dark green leaves

Russian thistle, Russian tumbleweed, Russian cactus, tumbleweed, Salsola kali tenuifolia

prickly bushy Eurasian plant; a troublesome weed in central and western United States

Sarcobatus, genus Sarcobatus

1 species: greasewood

greasewood, black greasewood, Sarcobatus vermiculatus

low hardy much-branched spiny shrub common in alkaline soils of western America

Spinacia, genus Spinacia

spinach

Nyctaginia, genus Nyctaginia

a caryophyllaceous genus of the family Nyctaginaceae having only one species

Nyctaginaceae, family Nyctaginaceae, Allioniaceae, family Allioniaceae, four-o'clock family

a family of flowering plants of the order Caryophyllales

Abronia, genus Abronia

genus of western North American herbs having showy flowers

scarlet musk flower, Nyctaginia capitata

viscid branched perennial of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico having tuberous roots and deep red flowers

sand verbena

any of various plants of the genus Abronia of western North America and Mexico having flowers resembling verbena

snowball, sweet sand verbena, Abronia elliptica

plant having heads of fragrant white trumpet-shaped flowers; grows in sandy arid regions

sweet sand verbena, Abronia fragrans

taller than Abronia_elliptica and having night-blooming flowers

beach sand verbena, pink sand verbena, Abronia umbellata

prostrate herb having heads of deep pink to white flowers; found in coastal dunes from British Columbia to Baja California

yellow sand verbena, Abronia latifolia

plant having hemispherical heads of yellow trumpet-shaped flowers; found in coastal dunes from California to British Columbia

beach pancake, Abronia maritima

plant having hemispherical heads of wine-red flowers; found in coastal dunes from California to Mexico

Allionia, genus Allionia

small genus of chiefly American herbs

desert sand verbena, Abronia villosa

soft-haired sticky plant with heads of bright pink trumpet-shaped flowers; found in sandy desert soil; after ample rains may carpet miles of desert with pink from the southwestern United States to northern Mexico

bougainvillea

any of several South American ornamental woody vines of the genus Bougainvillea having brilliant red or purple flower bracts; widely grown in warm regions

trailing four o'clock, trailing windmills, Allionia incarnata

trailing plant having crowded clusters of 3 brilliant deep pink flowers resembling a single flower blooming near the ground; found in dry gravelly or sandy soil; southwestern United States and Mexico

genus Bougainvillea, Bougainvillaea, genus Bougainvillaea

ornamental tropical woody vines

California four o'clock, Mirabilis laevis, Mirabilis californica

California four_o'clock with purple-red flowers

paper flower, Bougainvillea glabra

Brazilian vine that tends to flower continuously

Mirabilis, genus Mirabilis

four_o'clocks

umbrellawort

a plant of the genus Mirabilis

four o'clock

any of several plants of the genus Mirabilis having flowers that open in late afternoon

common four-o'clock, marvel-of-Peru, Mirabilis jalapa, Mirabilis uniflora

common garden plant of North America having fragrant red or purple or yellow or white flowers that open in late afternoon

sweet four o'clock, maravilla, Mirabilis longiflora

leafy wildflower having fragrant slender white or pale pink trumpet-shaped flowers; southwestern United States and northern Mexico

desert four o'clock, Colorado four o'clock, maravilla, Mirabilis multiflora

wildflower having vibrant deep pink tubular evening-blooming flowers; found in sandy and desert areas from southern California to southern Colorado and into Mexico

mountain four o'clock, Mirabilis oblongifolia

leafy wildflower with lavender-pink flowers that open in the evening and remain through cool part of the next day; found in open woods or brush in mountains of southern Colorado to Arizona and into Mexico

Pisonia, genus Pisonia

genus of often thorny tropical trees and shrubs and some vines; mainly America

Opuntiales, order Opuntiales

coextensive with the family Cactaceae: cactuses

cockspur, Pisonia aculeata

small spiny West Indian tree

cactus

any spiny succulent plant of the family Cactaceae native chiefly to arid regions of the New World

Cactaceae, family Cactaceae, cactus family

constituting the order Opuntiales

Acanthocereus, genus Acanthocereus

mostly trailing cacti having nocturnal white flowers; tropical America and Caribbean region

pitahaya cactus, pitahaya, Acanthocereus tetragonus, Acanthocereus pentagonus

cactus of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico having edible juicy fruit

Aporocactus, genus Aporocactus

small genus of epiphytic cacti of Mexico

rattail cactus, rat's-tail cactus, Aporocactus flagelliformis

commonly cultivated tropical American cactus having slender creeping stems and very large showy crimson flowers that bloom for several days

Ariocarpus, genus Ariocarpus

slow-growing geophytic cacti; northern and eastern Mexico; southern Texas

saguaro, sahuaro, Carnegiea gigantea

extremely large treelike cactus of desert regions of southwestern United States having a thick columnar sparsely branched trunk bearing white flowers and edible red pulpy fruit

living rock, Ariocarpus fissuratus

usually unbranched usually spineless cactus covered with warty tubercles and having magenta flowers and white or green fruit; resembles the related mescal; northeastern Mexico and southwestern United States

Carnegiea, genus Carnegiea

l species: saguaro

Cereus, genus Cereus

genus of much-branched treelike or shrubby cacti with pronounced ribs and rounded needlelike spines and nocturnal flowers usually white

night-blooming cereus

any of several cacti of the genus Cereus

echinocactus, barrel cactus

any cactus of the genus Echinocactus; strongly ribbed and very spiny; southwestern United States to Brazil

genus Coryphantha

mainly globose cacti of southwestern United States and Mexico covered with many nodules; superficially resembling and formerly included in genus Mammilaria

coryphantha

a cactus of the genus Coryphantha

genus Echinocactus

globular or cylindrical cacti; southwestern United States to Brazil

hedgehog cactus

cactus of the genus Echinocactus having stout sharp spines

Echinocereus, genus Echinocereus

large genus of low-growing shrubby ribbed cacti of Mexico and southwestern United States

golden barrel cactus, Echinocactus grusonii

large cactus of east central Mexico having golden to pale yellow flowers and spines

genus Epiphyllum

small genus of tropical American (mainly Central America) cacti

hedgehog cereus

cactus of the genus Echinocereus

epiphyllum, orchid cactus

any cactus of the genus Epiphyllum having flattened jointed irregularly branching stems and showy tubular flowers

Ferocactus, genus Ferocactus

genus of nearly globular cacti of Mexico and southwestern United States: barrel cacti

Hatiora, genus Hatiora

small genus of South American epiphytic or lithophytic cacti

barrel cactus

a cactus of the genus Ferocactus: unbranched barrel-shaped cactus having deep ribs with numerous spines and usually large funnel-shaped flowers followed by dry fruits

Gymnocalycium, genus Gymnocalycium

large genus of low-growing globular South American cacti with spiny ribs covered with many tubercles

Harrisia, genus Harrisia

genus of slender often treelike spiny cacti with solitary showy nocturnal white or pink flowers; Florida and Caribbean to South America

Easter cactus, Hatiora gaertneri, Schlumbergera gaertneri

spring-blooming South American cactus with oblong joints and coral-red flowers; sometimes placed in genus Schlumbergera

Hylocereus, genus Hylocereus

genus of climbing or epiphytic tropical American cacti with angular stems and mostly white very fragrant flowers

Lemaireocereus, genus Lemaireocereus

tropical American cacti usually tall and branching with stout spines and funnel-shaped flowers and globular or ovoid often edible fruit

night-blooming cereus

any of several cacti of the genus Hylocereus

chichipe, Lemaireocereus chichipe

tall treelike Mexican cactus with edible red fruit

Lophophora, genus Lophophora

two species of small cacti of northeastern Mexico and southwestern United States having rounded stems covered with jointed tubercles: mescal

mescal, mezcal, peyote, Lophophora williamsii

a small spineless globe-shaped cactus; source of mescal buttons

genus Mammillaria

large genus of cacti characterized chiefly by nipple-shaped protuberances or tubercles on their surface

garambulla, garambulla cactus, Myrtillocactus geometrizans

arborescent cactus of western Mexico bearing a small oblong edible berrylike fruit

mammillaria

any cactus of the genus Mammilaria

feather ball, Mammillaria plumosa

a low tuberculate cactus with white feathery spines; northeastern Mexico

Melocactus, genus Melocactus

genus of strongly ribbed globose or spheroid cacti of tropical South and Central America and the Caribbean

Myrtillocactus, genus Myrtillocactus

small genus of arborescent cacti of Mexico and Central America

Pediocactus, genus Pediocactus

low-growing cacti of the American Great Plains

Knowlton's cactus, Pediocactus knowltonii

small clustering cactus of southwestern United States; a threatened species

Nopalea, genus Nopalea

a genus of the cactus family with scarlet flowers

nopal

any of several cacti of the genus Nopalea resembling prickly pears

Opuntia, genus Opuntia

large genus of cactuses native to America: prickly pears

prickly pear, prickly pear cactus

cacti having spiny flat joints and oval fruit that is edible in some species; often used as food for stock

nopal, Opuntia lindheimeri

cactus having yellow flowers and purple fruits

cholla, Opuntia cholla

arborescent cacti having very spiny cylindrical stem segments; southwestern United States and Mexico

tuna, Opuntia tuna

tropical American flat-jointed prickly pear; Jamaica

Pereskia, genus Pereskia, Peireskia, genus Peireskia

genus of tropical American shrubby trees and woody climbers having slender branches with broad flat leaves and large panicles of flowers

Barbados gooseberry, Barbados-gooseberry vine, Pereskia aculeata

West Indian woody scrambler with spiny stems and numerous fragrant white flowers in panicles followed by small yellow to orange fruits

Rhipsalis, genus Rhipsalis

large genus of epiphytic or lithophytic unarmed cacti with usually segmented stems and pendulous branches; flowers are small followed by berrylike fruits

Schlumbergera, genus Schlumbergera

South American epiphytic or lithophytic cacti

mistletoe cactus

a plant of the genus Rhipsalis

Christmas cactus, Schlumbergera buckleyi, Schlumbergera baridgesii

epiphytic cactus of Brazilian ancestry widely cultivated as a houseplant having jointed flat segments and usually rose-purple flowers that bloom in winter

Selenicereus, genus Selenicereus

mostly epiphytic climbing cacti that bloom at night

queen of the night, Selenicereus grandiflorus

tropical American climbing cactus having triangular branches; often cultivated for its large showy night-blooming flowers followed by yellow red-streaked fruits

night-blooming cereus

any of several night-blooming cacti of the genus Selenicereus

Zygocactus, genus Zygocactus

small genus of Brazilian cacti having flat fleshy usually branched joints and showy red or pink flowers followed by red fleshy fruits

crab cactus, Thanksgiving cactus, Zygocactus truncatus, Schlumbergera truncatus

South American jointed cactus with usually red flowers; often cultivated as a houseplant; sometimes classified as genus Schlumbergera

Phytolacca, genus Phytolacca

type genus of Phytolaccaceae: pokeweed

Phytolaccaceae, family Phytolaccaceae, pokeweed family

chiefly tropical herbaceous plants (including shrubs and trees) with racemose flowers: genera Phytolacca; Agdestis; Ercilla; Rivina; Trichostigma

Indian poke, Phytolacca acinosa

pokeweed of southeastern Asia and China

pokeweed

perennial of the genus Phytolacca

ombu, bella sombra, Phytolacca dioica

fast-growing herbaceous evergreen tree of South America having a broad trunk with high water content and dark green oval leaves

poke, pigeon berry, garget, scoke, Phytolacca americana

tall coarse perennial American herb having small white flowers followed by blackish-red berries on long drooping racemes; young fleshy stems are edible; berries and root are poisonous

Rivina, genus Rivina

small genus of erect perennial shrubby herbs; tropical and subtropical America

bloodberry, blood berry, rougeberry, rouge plant, Rivina humilis

bushy houseplant having white to pale pink flowers followed by racemes of scarlet berries; tropical Americas

portulaca

a plant of the genus Portulaca having pink or red or purple or white ephemeral flowers

Portulacacaea, family Portulacaceae, purslane family

family of usually succulent herbs; cosmopolitan in distribution especially in Americas

purslane

a plant of the family Portulacaceae having fleshy succulent obovate leaves often grown as a potherb or salad herb; a weed in some areas

genus Portulaca

genus of mainly tropical fleshy or trailing herbs

rose moss, sun plant, Portulaca grandiflora

widely cultivated in many varieties for its fleshy mosslike foliage and profusion of brightly colored flowers

Claytonia, genus Claytonia

genus of mainly North American succulent herbs with white or pink flowers usually in terminal racemes

common purslane, pussley, pusly, verdolagas, Portulaca oleracea

weedy trailing mat-forming herb with bright yellow flowers cultivated for its edible mildly acid leaves eaten raw or cooked especially in Indian and Greek and Middle Eastern cuisine; cosmopolitan

Calandrinia, genus Calandrinia

large genus of low-growing herbs; widespread throughout tropical and warm temperate regions having usually basal leaves and panicles of purplish ephemeral flowers

rock purslane

a plant of the genus Calandrinia

red maids, redmaids, Calandrinia ciliata

succulent carpet-forming plant having small brilliant reddish-pink flowers; southwestern United States

Carolina spring beauty, Claytonia caroliniana

similar to Claytonia virginica but having usually pink flowers; eastern North America

spring beauty, Clatonia lanceolata

small slender plant having 1 pair of succulent leaves at midstem and a loose raceme of white or pink or rose bowl-shaped flowers and an edible corm

Virginia spring beauty, Claytonia virginica

small cormous perennial grown for its low rosette of succulent foliage and racemes of pink-tinged white flowers; eastern North America

siskiyou lewisia, Lewisia cotyledon

evergreen perennial having a dense basal rosette of long spatula-shaped leaves and panicles of pink or white-and-red-striped or pink-purple flowers; found on cliffs and in rock crevices in mountains of southwestern Oregon and northern California

Lewisia, genus Lewisia

genus of western North American low-growing herbs having linear woolly leaves and large pink flowers

bitterroot, Lewisia rediviva

showy succulent ground-hugging plant of Rocky Mountains regions having deep to pale pink flowers and fleshy farinaceous roots; the Montana state flower

Indian lettuce

a plant of the genus Montia having edible pleasant-tasting leaves

Montia, genus Montia

small genus of densely tufted annual herbs; north temperate regions and South America and tropical Africa and Asia

broad-leaved montia, Montia cordifolia

succulent plant with mostly basal leaves; stem bears 1 pair of broadly ovate or heart-shaped leaves and a loose raceme of 3-10 white flowers; western North America

blinks, blinking chickweed, water chickweed, Montia lamprosperma

small Indian lettuce of northern regions

toad lily, Montia chamissoi

a floating or creeping Indian lettuce having terminal racemes of pale rose flowers; wet areas at high elevations of western North America

Spraguea, genus Spraguea

small genus of usually perennial herbs having deep woody taproots and flower heads of umbels or cymes

winter purslane, miner's lettuce, Cuban spinach, Montia perfoliata

succulent herb sometimes grown as a salad or pot herb; grows on dunes and waste ground of Pacific coast of North America

pussy-paw, pussy-paws, pussy's-paw, Spraguea umbellatum, Calyptridium umbellatum

pink clusters of densely packed flowers on prostrate stems resemble upturned pads of cats' feet; grow in coniferous forests of western North America; sometimes placed in genus Calyptridium

Talinum, genus Talinum

genus of mainly American more-or-less succulent herbs

flame flower, flameflower

plant with fleshy roots and erect stems with narrow succulent leaves and 1 reddish-orange flower in each upper leaf axil; southwestern United States; Indians once cooked the fleshy roots

narrow-leaved flame flower, Talinum augustissimum

similar to Talinum aurantiacum but with narrower leaves and yellow-orange flowers; southwestern United States

pigmy talinum, Talinum brevifolium

low plant with crowded narrow succulent leaves and fairly large deep pink axillary flowers that seem to sit on the ground; southwestern United States

Capparidaceae, family Capparidaceae, caper family

a dilleniid dicot family of the order Rhoeadales that includes: genera Capparis; Cleome; Crateva; Polanisia

rock pink, Talinum calycinum

pink-flowered perennial of rocky regions of western United States

jewels-of-opar, Talinum paniculatum

erect plant with tuberous roots and terminal panicles of red to yellow flowers; southwestern North America to Central America; widely introduced elsewhere

spiny talinum, Talinum spinescens

low cushion-forming plant with rose to crimson-magenta flowers and leaf midribs that persist as spines when the leaves die; southwestern United States

Rhoeadales, order Rhoeadales, Papaverales, order Papaverales

an order of dicotyledonous plants

native pomegranate, Capparis arborea

small Australian tree bearing edible pomegranatelike fruit

Capparis, genus Capparis

tropical or subtropical evergreen shrubs or small trees

caper

any of numerous plants of the genus Capparis

caper tree, Jamaica caper tree, Capparis cynophallophora

shrub of southern Florida to West Indies

caper tree, bay-leaved caper, Capparis flexuosa

shrub or small tree of southern Florida to Central and South America

native orange, Capparis mitchellii

small Australian tree bearing edible dark purple fruit

common caper, Capparis spinosa

prostrate spiny shrub of the Mediterranean region cultivated for its greenish flower buds which are pickled

spider flower, spider plant, Cleome hassleriana

native to South America but naturalized in warm parts of United States; grown for its long-lasting spider-shaped white to pink-purple flowers

genus Cleome

tropical and subtropical annual or perennial herbs or low shrubs

spiderflower, cleome

any of various often strong-smelling plants of the genus Cleome having showy spider-shaped flowers

Rocky Mountain bee plant, stinking clover, Cleome serrulata

plant of western North America having trifoliate leaves and white or pink spider-shaped flowers; sometimes used as an ornamental

Polanisia, genus Polanisia

widely distributed herbs having palmate leaves and creamy white to or pink to magenta flowers with many stamens of unequal length

clammyweed, Polanisia graveolens, Polanisia dodecandra

strong-scented herb common in southern United States covered with intermixed gland and hairs

Aethionema, genus Aethionema

Old World genus of the family Cruciferae

Cruciferae, family Cruciferae, Brassicaceae, family Brassicaceae, mustard family

plants with four-petaled flowers

crucifer, cruciferous plant

any of various plants of the family Cruciferae

cress, cress plant

any of various plants of the family Cruciferae having edible pungent-tasting leaves

watercress

any of several water-loving cresses

Alliaria, genus Alliaria

a genus of herbs of the family Cruciferae; have broad leaves and whit flowers and long siliques

stonecress, stone cress

any Old World herb of the genus Aethionema; native of sunny limestone habitats

garlic mustard, hedge garlic, sauce-alone, jack-by-the-hedge, Alliaria officinalis

European herb that smells like garlic

alyssum, madwort

any garden plant of the genus Alyssum having clusters of small yellow or white flowers

Alyssum, genus Alyssum

a genus of the family Cruciferae

Anastatica, genus Anastatica

one species: rose of Jericho; resurrection plant

rose of Jericho, resurrection plant, Anastatica hierochuntica

small gray Asiatic desert plant bearing minute white flowers that rolls up when dry and expands when moist

rock cress, rockcress

any of several rock-loving cresses of the genus Arabis

Arabis, genus Arabis

annual to perennial woody herbs of temperate North America, Europe and Asia: rockcress

sicklepod, Arabis Canadensis

North American rock cress having very long curved pods

tower cress, tower mustard, Arabis turrita

European cress having stiff erect stems; sometimes placed in genus Turritis

horseradish, horse radish, red cole, Armoracia rusticana

coarse Eurasian plant cultivated for its thick white pungent root

tower mustard, tower cress, Turritis glabra, Arabis glabra

or genus Arabis: erect cress widely distributed throughout Europe

Armoracia, genus Armoracia

horseradish

Barbarea, genus Barbarea

biennial or perennial herbs of north temperate regions: winter cress

Belle Isle cress, early winter cress, land cress, American cress, American watercress, Barbarea verna, Barbarea praecox

of southwestern Europe; cultivated in Florida

winter cress, St. Barbara's herb, scurvy grass

any plant of the genus Barbarea: yellow-flowered Eurasian cresses; widely cultivated for winter salad

hoary alison, hoary alyssum, Berteroa incana

tall European annual with downy gray-green foliage and dense heads of small white flowers followed by hairy pods; naturalized in North America; sometimes a troublesome weed

yellow rocket, rockcress, rocket cress, Barbarea vulgaris, Sisymbrium barbarea

noxious cress with yellow flowers; sometimes placed in genus Sisymbrium

Berteroa, genus Berteroa

hoary alyssum

Biscutella, genus Biscutella

genus of Eurasian herbs and small shrubs: buckler mustard

Brassica, genus Brassica

mustards: cabbages; cauliflowers; turnips; etc.

buckler mustard, Biscutalla laevigata

plant of southeastern Europe having yellow flowers like those of mustard and pods with open valves resembling bucklers

wild cabbage, Brassica oleracea

wild original of cultivated cabbages; common in western coastal Europe

cabbage, cultivated cabbage, Brassica oleracea

any of various cultivars of the genus Brassica oleracea grown for their edible leaves or flowers

head cabbage, head cabbage plant, Brassica oleracea capitata

any of various cultivated cabbage plants having a short thick stalk and large compact head of edible usually green leaves

savoy cabbage

cabbage plant with a compact head of crinkled leaves

red cabbage

cabbage plant with a compact head of reddish purple leaves

cauliflower, Brassica oleracea botrytis

a plant having a large edible head of crowded white flower buds

brussels sprout, Brassica oleracea gemmifera

plant grown for its stout stalks of edible small green heads resembling diminutive cabbages

broccoli, Brassica oleracea italica

plant with dense clusters of tight green flower buds

kale, kail, cole, borecole, colewort, Brassica oleracea acephala

a hardy cabbage with coarse curly leaves that do not form a head

collard

variety of kale having smooth leaves

kohlrabi, Brassica oleracea gongylodes

plant cultivated for its enlarged fleshy turnip-shaped edible stem

turnip plant

any of several widely cultivated plants having edible roots

turnip, white turnip, Brassica rapa

widely cultivated plant having a large fleshy edible white or yellow root

rutabaga, turnip cabbage, swede, Swedish turnip, rutabaga plant, Brassica napus napobrassica

plant with a thick bulbous edible yellow root; used as food and animal feed

broccoli raab, broccoli rabe, Brassica rapa ruvo

plant grown for its pungent edible leafy shoots

mustard

any of several cruciferous plants of the genus Brassica

Chinese cabbage, celery cabbage, napa, pe-tsai, Brassica rapa pekinensis

plant with an elongated celery-like head of broad stalked leaves used as a vegetable in east Asia

chinese mustard, indian mustard, leaf mustard, gai choi, Brassica juncea

Asiatic mustard used as a potherb

tendergreen, spinach mustard, Brassica perviridis, Brassica rapa perviridis

Asiatic plant cultivated for its swollen root crown and edible foliage

bok choy, bok choi, pakchoi, Chinese white cabbage, Brassica rapa chinensis

Asiatic plant grown for its cluster of edible white stalks with dark green leaves

rape, colza, Brassica napus

Eurasian plant cultivated for its seed and as a forage crop

black mustard, Brassica nigra

widespread Eurasian annual plant cultivated for its pungent seeds; a principal source of table mustard

sea-rocket, Cakile maritima

salt-tolerant seashore annual grown for its fragrant rose or violet flowers and fleshy gray-green foliage

Cakile, genus Cakile

small genus of succulent annual herbs found on sandy shores of North America and Europe

Camelina, genus Camelina

annual and biennial herbs of Mediterranean to central Asia

gold of pleasure, Camelina sativa

annual European false flax having small white flowers; cultivated since Neolithic times as a source of fiber and for its oil-rich seeds; widely naturalized in North America

shepherd's purse, shepherd's pouch, Capsella bursa-pastoris

white-flowered annual European herb bearing triangular notched pods; nearly cosmopolitan as an introduced weed

Capsella, genus Capsella

shepherd's purse

Dentaria, genus Dentaria

usually included in genus Cardamine; in some classifications considered a separate genus

Cardamine, genus Cardamine

bittercress, bitter_cress

lady's smock, cuckooflower, cuckoo flower, meadow cress, Cardamine pratensis

a bitter cress of Europe and America

bittercress, bitter cress

any of various herbs of the genus Cardamine, having usually pinnate leaves and racemes of white, pink or purple flowers; cosmopolitan except Antarctic

crinkleroot, crinkle root, pepper root, toothwort, Cardamine diphylla, Dentaria diphylla

North American herb with pungent scaly or toothed roots

coral-root bittercress, coralroot, coralwort, Cardamine bulbifera, Dentaria bulbifera

European bittercress having a knotted white rootstock

American watercress, mountain watercress, Cardamine rotundifolia

mat-forming perennial found in cold springs of the eastern United States

spring cress, Cardamine bulbosa

small white-flowered cress common in wet places in eastern North America

purple cress, Cardamine douglasii

small perennial herb of cooler regions of North America with racemose purple flowers

Cheiranthus, genus Cheiranthus

Old World perennial plants grown for their showy flowers

prairie rocket

any of several western American plants of the genus Cheiranthus having large yellow flowers

wallflower, Cheiranthus cheiri, Erysimum cheiri

perennial of southern Europe having clusters of fragrant flowers of all colors especially yellow and orange; often naturalized on old walls or cliffs; sometimes placed in genus Erysimum

scurvy grass, common scurvy grass, Cochlearia officinalis

a widely distributed arctic cress reputed to have value in treatment or prevention of scurvy; a concentrated source of vitamin C

Cochlearia, genus Cochlearia

a genus of the family Cruciferae

sea kale, sea cole, Crambe maritima

perennial of coastal sands and shingles of northern Europe and Baltic and Black Seas having racemes of small white flowers and large fleshy blue-green leaves often used as potherbs

Crambe, genus Crambe

annual or perennial herbs with large leaves that resemble the leaves of cabbages

Descurainia, genus Descurainia

includes annual or biennial herbs of America and Europe very similar to and often included among those of genera Sisymbrium or Hugueninia; not recognized in some classification systems

tansy mustard, Descurainia pinnata

North American herb with bitter-tasting pinnate leaves resembling those of tansy

white rocket, Diplotaxis erucoides

from Mediterranean region; a naturalized weed throughout southern Europe

Diplotaxis, genus Diplotaxis

wall rocket

wall rocket, Diplotaxis muralis, Diplotaxis tenuifolia

yellow-flowered European plant that grows on old walls and in waste places; an adventive weed in North America

whitlow grass, shadflower, Draba verna

annual weed of Europe and North America having a rosette of basal leaves and tiny flowers followed by oblong seed capsules

genus Draba

large genus of low tufted herbs of temperate and arctic regions

draba

any of numerous low-growing cushion-forming plants of the genus Draba having rosette-forming leaves and terminal racemes of small flowers with scapose or leafy stems; fruit is a dehiscent oblong or linear silique

rocket, roquette, garden rocket, rocket salad, arugula, Eruca sativa, Eruca vesicaria sativa

erect European annual often grown as a salad crop to be harvested when young and tender

Eruca, genus Eruca

annual to perennial herbs of the Mediterranean region

Erysimum, genus Erysimum

large genus of annual or perennial herbs some grown for their flowers and some for their attractive evergreen leaves; Old World and North America

western wall flower, Erysimum asperum, Cheiranthus asperus, Erysimum arkansanum

biennial or short-lived perennial prairie rocket having orange-yellow flowers; western North America to Minnesota and Kansas; sometimes placed in genus Cheiranthus

wallflower

any of numerous plants of the genus Erysimum having fragrant yellow or orange or brownish flowers

prairie rocket

any of several North American plants of the genus Erysimum having large yellow flowers

Siberian wall flower, Erysimum allionii, Cheiranthus allionii

showy erect biennial or short-lived perennial cultivated for its terminal racemes of orange-yellow flowers; sometimes placed in genus Cheiranthus

wormseed mustard, Erysimum cheiranthoides

slender yellow-flowered European mustard often troublesome as a weed; formerly used as an anthelmintic

genus Heliophila

genus of South African flowering herbs and subshrubs

heliophila

any of various South African herbs and subshrubs cultivated for long showy racemes of bright blue flowers with white eyes

Hesperis, genus Hesperis

biennial or perennial erect herbs having nocturnally fragrant flowers

tansy-leaved rocket, Hugueninia tanacetifolia, Sisymbrium tanacetifolia

perennial stellate and hairy herb with small yellow flowers of mountains of southern Europe; sometimes placed in genus Sisymbrium

damask violet, Dame's violet, sweet rocket, Hesperis matronalis

long-cultivated herb having flowers whose scent is more pronounced in the evening; naturalized throughout Europe to Siberia and into North America

Hugueninia, genus Hugueninia

1 species: tansy-leaved rocket

Iberis, genus Iberis

Old World herbs and subshrubs: candytuft

candytuft

any of various flowering plants of the genus Iberis cultivated for their showy clusters of white to red or purple flowers; native to Mediterranean region

Isatis, genus Isatis

Old World genus of annual to perennial herbs: woad

woad

any of several herbs of the genus Isatis

dyer's woad, Isatis tinctoria

European biennial formerly grown for the blue coloring matter yielded by its leaves

Lepidium, genus Lepidium

cosmopolitan genus of annual and biennial and perennial herbs: cress

common garden cress, garden pepper cress, pepper grass, pepperwort, Lepidium sativum

annual herb used as salad green and garnish

Lunaria, genus Lunaria

small genus of European herbs: honesty

Lesquerella, genus Lesquerella

genus of low-growing hairy herbs: bladderpods

bladderpod

any of several hairy North American herbs having yellow racemose flowers and inflated pods

Lobularia, genus Lobularia

sweet alyssum

sweet alyssum, sweet alison, Lobularia maritima

perennial European plant having clusters of small fragrant usually white flowers; widely grown in gardens

honesty, silver dollar, money plant, satin flower, satinpod, Lunaria annua

southeastern European plant cultivated for its fragrant purplish flowers and round flat papery silver-white seedpods that are used for indoor decoration

Malcolmia, genus Malcolmia

genus of plants usually found in coastal habitats; Mediterranean to Afghanistan

stock, gillyflower

any of several Old World plants cultivated for their brightly colored flowers

Malcolm stock, stock

any of various ornamental flowering plants of the genus Malcolmia

Virginian stock, Virginia stock, Malcolmia maritima

erect branching herb cultivated for its loose racemes of fragrant white or pink or red or lilac flowers; native to sands and sea cliffs of southwestern Greece and southern Albania

Matthiola, genus Matthiola

genus of Old World plants grown as ornamentals

radish plant

a cruciferous plant of the genus Raphanus having a pungent edible root

brompton stock, Matthiola incana

European plant with racemes of sweet-scented flowers; widely cultivated as an ornamental

Nasturtium, genus Nasturtium

aquatic herbs

common watercress, Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum, Nasturtium officinale

perennial Eurasian cress growing chiefly in springs or running water having fleshy pungent leaves used in salads or as a potherb or garnish; introduced in North America and elsewhere

Physaria, genus Physaria

small genus of western North American herbs similar to Lesquerella: bladderpods

bladderpod

any of several plants of the genus Physaria having racemose yellow flowers and inflated pods

Pritzelago, genus Pritzelago

chamois cress

chamois cress, Pritzelago alpina, Lepidium alpina

small tufted perennial herb of mountains of central and southern Europe having very small flowers of usually leafless stems; sometimes placed in genus Lepidium

Raphanus, genus raphanus

radish

jointed charlock, wild radish, wild rape, runch, Raphanus raphanistrum

Eurasian weed having yellow or mauve or white flowers and podlike fruits

radish, Raphanus sativus

Eurasian plant widely cultivated for its edible pungent root usually eaten raw

daikon, Japanese radish, Raphanus sativus longipinnatus

radish of Japan with a long hard durable root eaten raw or cooked

schizopetalon, Schizopetalon walkeri

a dainty South American annual having deeply pinnatifid leaves and racemes of fringed almond-scented purple-white flowers

Rorippa, genus Rorippa

annual and perennial herbs of damp habitats; cosmopolitan except Antarctica

marsh cress, yellow watercress, Rorippa islandica

annual or biennial cress growing in damp places sometimes used in salads or as a potherb; troublesome weed in some localities

great yellowcress, Rorippa amphibia, Nasturtium amphibium

perennial herb found on streams and riversides throughout Europe except extreme north and Mediterranean; sometimes placed in genus Nasturtium

genus Schizopetalon

small genus of South American herbs grown for its flowers

Sinapis, genus Sinapis

small genus of Old World herbs usually included in genus Brassica

white mustard, Brassica hirta, Sinapis alba

Eurasian mustard cultivated for its pungent seeds; a source of table mustard and mustard oil

field mustard, wild mustard, charlock, chadlock, Brassica kaber, Sinapis arvensis

weedy Eurasian plant often a pest in grain fields

genus Sisymbrium

genus of Old World annual or biennial or perennial herbs with racemose flowers; many are considered to be weeds

hedge mustard, Sisymbrium officinale

stiffly branching Old World annual with pale yellow flowers; widely naturalized in North America; formerly used medicinally

desert plume, prince's-plume, Stanleya pinnata, Cleome pinnata

perennial of southwestern United States having leathery blue-green pinnatifid leaves and thick plumelike spikes of yellow flowers; sometimes placed in genus Cleome

Stanleya, genus Stanleya

prince's plume

malheur wire lettuce, Stephanomeria malheurensis

small mustardlike plant of Oregon; a threatened species

Stephanomeria, genus Stephanomeria

malheur wire lettuce

Subularia, genus Subularia

small genus of herbs of north temperate regions and mountains of tropical Africa

Thlaspi, genus Thlaspi

herbs of temperate regions: pennycress

awlwort, Subularia aquatica

small aquatic plant having tufted awl-shaped leaves in a basal rosette and minute white flowers; circumboreal

pennycress

any of several plants of the genus Thlaspi

field pennycress, French weed, fanweed, penny grass, stinkweed, mithridate mustard, Thlaspi arvense

foetid Eurasian weed having round flat pods; naturalized throughout North America

Thysanocarpus, genus Thysanocarpus

small genus of herbs of upland regions of North American Pacific coast

Turritis, genus Turritis

closely related to and often included in genus Arabis

fringepod, lacepod

annual herb having pinnatifid basal leaves and slender racemes of small white flowers followed by one-seeded winged silicles

bladderpod

annual or perennial herbs with inflated seed pods; some placed in genus Lesquerella

Vesicaria, genus Vesicaria

small genus of chiefly Mediterranean herbs: bladderpods

Papaveraceae, family Papaveraceae, poppy family

herbs or shrubs having milky and often colored juices and capsular fruits

poppy

annual or biennial or perennial herbs having showy flowers

Papaver, genus Papaver

type genus of the Papaveraceae; chiefly bristly hairy herbs with usually showy flowers

Iceland poppy, Papaver alpinum

Old World alpine poppy with white or yellow to orange flowers

western poppy, Papaver californicum

showy annual of California with red flowers

prickly poppy, Papaver argemone

annual Old World poppy with orange-red flowers and bristly fruit

corn poppy, field poppy, Flanders poppy, Papaver rhoeas

annual European poppy common in grain fields and often cultivated

Iceland poppy, arctic poppy, Papaver nudicaule

subarctic perennial poppy of both hemispheres having fragrant white or yellow to orange or peach flowers

oriental poppy, Papaver orientale

commonly cultivated Asiatic perennial poppy having stiff heavily haired leaves and bright scarlet or pink to orange flowers

prickly poppy, argemone, white thistle, devil's fig

any plant of the genus Argemone having large white or yellow flowers and prickly leaves and stems and pods; chiefly of tropical America

opium poppy, Papaver somniferum

southwestern Asian herb with grayish leaves and white or reddish flowers; source of opium

genus Argemone

prickly poppies

Mexican poppy, Argemone mexicana

annual herb with prickly stems and large yellow flowers; southern United States to West Indies and Mexico

genus Bocconia

tropical American trees or shrubs closely related to genus Macleaya

bocconia, tree celandine, Bocconia frutescens

small Central American tree having loose racemes of purple-tinted green flowers

celandine, greater celandine, swallowwort, swallow wort, Chelidonium majus

perennial herb with branched woody stock and bright yellow flowers

Chelidonium, genus Chelidonium

1 species: greater celandine

climbing corydalis, Corydalis claviculata, Fumaria claviculata

annual vine with decompound leaves and racemes of yellow and pink flowers

genus Corydalis

annual or perennial herbs of Sino-Himalayan area and South Africa; sometimes placed in family Fumaricaceae

corydalis

a plant of the genus Corydalis with beautiful compound foliage and spurred tubular flowers

fumewort, fumeroot, Corydalis solida

herb of northern Europe and Asia having erect racemes of red flowers

Roman wormwood, rock harlequin, Corydalis sempervirens, Fumaria sempervirens

glaucous herb of northeastern United States and Canada having loose racemes of yellow-tipped pink flowers; sometimes placed in genus Fumaria

bush poppy, tree poppy

evergreen shrub of southwestern United States and Mexico often cultivated for its fragrant golden yellow flowers

Dendromecon, genus Dendromecon

1 species: bush poppy

Eschscholtzia, genus Eschscholtzia

showy herbs of western North America

California poppy, Eschscholtzia californica

of Pacific coast of North America; widely cultivated for its yellow to red flowers

Glaucium, genus Glaucium

herbs of Europe and North Africa and Asia: horned poppy

horn poppy, horned poppy, yellow horned poppy, sea poppy, Glaucium flavum

yellow-flowered Eurasian glaucous herb naturalized in along sandy shores in eastern North America

golden cup, Mexican tulip poppy, Hunnemania fumariifolia

native of Mexican highlands grown for its glossy clear yellow flowers and blue-gray finely dissected foliage

Hunnemannia, genus Hunnemania

1 species: golden cup

Macleaya, genus Macleaya

East Asian perennial herbs: plume poppy

plume poppy, bocconia, Macleaya cordata

herb of China and Japan widely cultivated for its plumelike panicles of creamy white flowers

Welsh poppy, Meconopsis cambrica

widely cultivated west European plant with showy pale yellow flowers

Meconopsis, genus Meconopsis

herbs almost entirely of mountains of China and Tibet; often monocarpic

blue poppy, Meconopsis betonicifolia

Chinese perennial having mauve-pink to bright sky blue flowers in drooping cymes

creamcups, Platystemon californicus

California plant with small pale yellow flowers

Platystemon, genus Platystemon

1 species: creamcups

matilija poppy, California tree poppy, Romneya coulteri

tall branching subshrub of California and Mexico often cultivated for its silvery-blue foliage and large fragrant white flowers

Romneya, genus Romneya

1 species: matilija poppy

bloodroot, puccoon, redroot, tetterwort, Sanguinaria canadensis

perennial woodland native of North America having a red root and red sap and bearing a solitary lobed leave and white flower in early spring and having acrid emetic properties; rootstock used as a stimulant and expectorant

Sanguinaria, genus Sanguinaria

1 species: bloodroot

wind poppy, flaming poppy, Stylomecon heterophyllum, Papaver heterophyllum

California wild poppy with bright red flowers

Stylomecon, genus Stylomecon

1 species: wind poppy

celandine poppy, wood poppy, Stylophorum diphyllum

perennial here native to woodland of the eastern United States having yellow flowers

Stylophorum, genus Stylophorum

wood poppies

Fumariaceae, family Fumariaceae, fumitory family

erect or climbing herbs of the northern hemisphere and southern Africa: bleeding heart; Dutchman's_breeches; fumitory; squirrel corn

Fumaria, genus Fumaria

annual herbs whose flowers have only one petal spurred at the base

Dicentra, genus Dicentra

North American and Asian herbs with divided leaves and irregular flowers

fumitory, fumewort, fumeroot, Fumaria officinalis

delicate European herb with grayish leaves and spikes of purplish flowers; formerly used medicinally

Adlumia, genus Adlumia

1 species: climbing fumitory

climbing fumitory, Allegheny vine, Adlumia fungosa, Fumaria fungosa

vine with feathery leaves and white or pinkish flowers; sometimes placed in genus Fumaria

bleeding heart, lyreflower, Dicentra spectabilis

garden plant having deep-pink drooping heart-shaped flowers

Dutchman's breeches, Dicentra cucullaria

delicate spring-flowering plant of the eastern United States having double-spurred white flowers

squirrel corn, Dicentra canadensis

American plant with cream-colored flowers and tuberous roots resembling kernels of corn

everlasting, everlasting flower

any of various plants of various genera of the family Compositae having flowers that can be dried without loss of form or color

Asteridae, subclass Asteridae

a group of mostly sympetalous herbs and some trees and shrubs mostly with 2 fused carpels; contains 43 families including Solanaceae; Scrophulriaceae; Labiatae; Verbenaceae; Rubiaceae; Compositae; sometimes classified as a superorder

Campanulales, order Campanulales

an order or plants of the subclass Asteridae including: Campanulaceae; Lobeliaceae; Cucurbitaceae; Goodeniaceae; Stylidiaceae; Calyceraceae; Compositae

Compositae, family Compositae, Asteraceae, family Asteraceae, aster family

plants with heads composed of many florets: aster; daisy; dandelion; goldenrod; marigold; lettuces; ragweed; sunflower; thistle; zinnia

composite, composite plant

considered the most highly evolved dicotyledonous plants, characterized by florets arranged in dense heads that resemble single flowers

compass plant, compass flower

any of several plants having leaves so arranged on the axis as to indicate the cardinal points of the compass

genus Achillea

perennial often aromatic and sometimes mat-forming herbs of north temperate regions: yarrow; milfoil

yarrow, milfoil, Achillea millefolium

ubiquitous strong-scented mat-forming Eurasian herb of wasteland, hedgerow or pasture having narrow serrate leaves and small usually white florets; widely naturalized in North America

achillea

any of several plants of the genus Achillea native to Europe and having small white flowers in flat-topped flower heads

Acroclinium, genus Acroclinium

genus of herbs and shrubs of Australia and South Africa: everlasting_flower; most species usually placed in genus Helipterum

sneezeweed yarrow, sneezewort, Achillea ptarmica

Eurasian herb having loose heads of button-shaped white flowers and long gray-green leaves that cause sneezing when powdered

pink-and-white everlasting, pink paper daisy, Acroclinium roseum

flower of southwestern Australia having bright pink daisylike papery flowers; grown for drying

white snakeroot, white sanicle, Ageratina altissima, Eupatorium rugosum

American herb having flat-topped clusters of small white flower heads; reputedly a cause of trembles and milksickness; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium

Ageratina, genus Ageratina

annual to perennial herbs or shrubs of eastern United States and Central and South America

genus Ageratum

genus of tropical American herbs grown for their flowers

ageratum

any plant of the genus Ageratum having opposite leaves and small heads of blue or white flowers

common ageratum, Ageratum houstonianum

small tender herb grown for its fluffy brushlike blue to lavender blooms

Amberboa, genus Amberboa

herbs of Mediterranean to central Asia cultivated for their flowers

sweet sultan, Amberboa moschata, Centaurea moschata

Asian plant widely grown for its sweetly fragrant pink flowers; sometimes placed in genus Centaurea

Ambrosiaceae, family Ambrosiaceae

in some classifications considered a separate family comprising a subgroup of the Compositae including the ragweeds

genus Ambrosia

comprising the ragweeds; in some classification considered the type genus of a separate family Ambrosiaceae

ragweed, ambrosia, bitterweed

any of numerous chiefly North American weedy plants constituting the genus Ambrosia that produce highly allergenic pollen responsible for much hay fever and asthma

western ragweed, perennial ragweed, Ambrosia psilostachya

coarse perennial ragweed with creeping roots of dry barren lands of southwestern United States and Mexico

common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia

annual weed with finely divided foliage and spikes of green flowers; common in North America; introduced elsewhere accidentally

great ragweed, Ambrosia trifida

a coarse annual with some leaves deeply and palmately 3-cleft or 5-cleft

genus Ammobium

small genus of Australian herbs grown for their flowers

ammobium

any plant of the genus Ammobium having yellow flowers and silvery foliage

winged everlasting, Ammobium alatum

Australian plant widely cultivated for its beautiful silvery-white blooms with bright yellow centers on long winged stems

pellitory, pellitory-of-Spain, Anacyclus pyrethrum

small Mediterranean plant containing a volatile oil once used to relieve toothache

Anacyclus, genus Anacyclus

Spanish pellitory

Anaphalis, genus Anaphalis

genus of herbs of north temperate regions having hoary leaves: pearly everlasting

genus Andryala

genus of hardy hairy latex-producing perennials of Mediterranean area

pearly everlasting, cottonweed, Anaphalis margaritacea

American everlasting having foliage with soft wooly hairs and corymbose heads with pearly white bracts

andryala

any plant of the genus Andryala having milky sap and heads of bright yellow flowers

cat's foot, cat's feet, pussytoes, Antennaria dioica

low-growing perennial herb having leaves with whitish down and clusters of small white flowers

Antennaria, genus Antennaria

small woolly perennial herbs having small whitish discoid flowers surrounded by a ring of club-shaped bristles

ladies' tobacco, lady's tobacco, Antennaria plantaginifolia

North American perennial propagated by means of runners

Anthemis, genus Anthemis

dog fennel; in some classification systems includes plants of genus Chamaelum

plantain-leaved pussytoes

a variety of pussytoes

field pussytoes

a variety of pussytoes

solitary pussytoes

a variety of pussytoes

mountain everlasting

a variety of cat's_foot

mayweed, dog fennel, stinking mayweed, stinking chamomile, Anthemis cotula

widespread rank-smelling weed having white-rayed flower heads with yellow discs

yellow chamomile, golden marguerite, dyers' chamomile, Anthemis tinctoria

Eurasian perennial herb with hairy divided leaves and yellow flowers; naturalized in North America

common burdock, lesser burdock, Arctium minus

ubiquitous in all but very acid soil; most of Europe (except Arctic Caucasus) and North Africa

corn chamomile, field chamomile, corn mayweed, Anthemis arvensis

European white-flowered weed naturalized in North America

Antheropeas, genus Antheropeas

small genus of North American herbs often included in genus Eriophyllum

woolly daisy, dwarf daisy, Antheropeas wallacei, Eriophyllum wallacei

tiny gray woolly tufted annual with small golden-eyllow flower heads; southeastern California to northwestern Arizona and southwestern Utah; sometimes placed in genus Eriophyllum

Arctium, genus Arctium

burdock

burdock, clotbur

any of several erect biennial herbs of temperate Eurasia having stout taproots and producing burs

blue-eyed African daisy, Arctotis stoechadifolia, Arctotis venusta

bushy perennial of South Africa with white or violet flowers; in its native region often clothes entire valley sides in a sheet of color

great burdock, greater burdock, cocklebur, Arctium lappa

burdock having heart-shaped leaves found in open woodland, hedgerows and rough grassland of Europe (except extreme N) and Asia Minor; sometimes cultivated for medicinal and culinary use

Arctotis, genus Arctotis

herbs and subshrubs: African daisy

African daisy

any of several plants of the genus Arctotis having daisylike flowers

Argyranthemum, genus Argyranthemum

comprises plants often included in the genus Chrysanthemum

marguerite, marguerite daisy, Paris daisy, Chrysanthemum frutescens, Argyranthemum frutescens

perennial subshrub of the Canary Islands having usually pale yellow daisylike flowers; often included in genus Chrysanthemum

Argyroxiphium, genus Argyroxiphium

small genus of Hawaiian spreading and rosette-forming shrubs

silversword, Argyroxiphium sandwicense

low-growing plant found only in volcanic craters on Hawaii having rosettes of narrow pointed silver-green leaves and clusters of profuse red-purple flowers on a tall stem

lamb succory, dwarf nipplewort, Arnoseris minima

small European herb with small yellow flowers

genus Arnica

large genus of herbs of north temperate and arctic regions

arnica

any of various rhizomatous usually perennial plants of the genus Arnica

heartleaf arnica, Arnica cordifolia

wildflower with heart-shaped leaves and broad yellow flower heads; of alpine areas west of the Rockies from Alaska to southern California

Arnica montana

herb of pasture and open woodland throughout most of Europe and western Asia having orange-yellow daisylike flower heads that when dried are used as a stimulant and to treat bruises and swellings

arnica

used especially in treating bruises

Arnoseris, genus Arnoseris

lamb succory

wormwood

any of several low composite herbs of the genera Artemisia or Seriphidium

genus Artemisia

usually aromatic shrubs or herbs of north temperate regions and South Africa and western South America: wormwood; sagebrush; mugwort; tarragon

artemisia

any of various composite shrubs or herbs of the genus Artemisia having aromatic green or grayish foliage

mugwort

any of several weedy composite plants of the genus Artemisia

sagebrush, sage brush

any of several North American composite subshrubs of the genera Artemis or Seriphidium

southernwood, Artemisia abrotanum

shrubby European wormwood naturalized in North America; sometimes used in brewing beer

common wormwood, absinthe, old man, lad's love, Artemisia absinthium

aromatic herb of temperate Eurasia and North Africa having a bitter taste used in making the liqueur absinthe

sweet wormwood, Artemisia annua

wormwood of southeastern Europe to Iran

tarragon, estragon, Artemisia dracunculus

aromatic perennial of southeastern Russia

California sagebrush, California sage, Artemisia californica

low ashy-gray California shrub

field wormwood, Artemisia campestris

European wormwood similar to common wormwood in its properties

wormwood sage, prairie sagewort, Artemisia frigida

silky-leaved aromatic perennial of dry northern parts of the northern hemisphere; has tawny florets

sand sage, silvery wormwood, Artemisia filifolia

silver-haired shrub of central and southern United States and Mexico; a troublesome weed on rangelands

Roman wormwood, Artemis pontica

European wormwood; minor source of absinthe

western mugwort, white sage, cudweed, prairie sage, Artemisia ludoviciana, Artemisia gnaphalodes

perennial cottony-white herb of southwestern United States

bud brush, bud sagebrush, Artemis spinescens

half-shrubby perennial valuable as sheep forage in the United States

dusty miller, beach wormwood, old woman, Artemisia stelleriana

herb with grayish leaves found along the east coast of North America; used as an ornamental plant

common mugwort, Artemisia vulgaris

European tufted aromatic perennial herb having hairy red or purple stems and dark green leaves downy white below and red-brown florets

genus Aster

large genus of herbs widely cultivated for their daisylike flowers

aster

any of various chiefly fall-blooming herbs of the genus Aster with showy daisylike flowers

wood aster

any of several asters of eastern North America usually growing in woods

whorled aster, Aster acuminatus

North American perennial with apparently whorled leaves and showy white purple-tinged flowers

heath aster, Aster arenosus

common North American perennial with heathlike foliage and small white flower heads

heart-leaved aster, Aster cordifolius

perennial wood aster of eastern North America

white wood aster, Aster divaricatus

rhizomatous perennial wood aster of eastern North America with white flowers

bushy aster, Aster dumosus

stiff perennial of the eastern United States having small linear leaves and numerous tiny white flower heads

white prairie aster, Aster falcatus

perennial of western North America having white flowers

heath aster, Aster ericoides

common much-branched North American perennial with heathlike foliage and small starry white flowers

goldilocks, goldilocks aster, Aster linosyris, Linosyris vulgaris

early-flowering perennial of southern and southeastern Europe with flower heads resembling those of goldenrod

stiff aster, Aster linarifolius

wiry tufted perennial of the eastern United States with stiff erect rough stems, linear leaves and large violet flowers

large-leaved aster, Aster macrophyllus

tufted perennial wood aster of North America; naturalized in Europe

New England aster, Aster novae-angliae

common perennial of eastern North America having showy purplish flowers; a parent of the Michaelmas daisy

Michaelmas daisy, New York aster, Aster novi-belgii

North American perennial herb having small autumn-blooming purple or pink or white flowers; widely naturalized in Europe

upland white aster, Aster ptarmicoides

tufted rigid North American perennial with loose clusters of white flowers

Short's aster, Aster shortii

perennial of southeastern United States having usually blue flowers

prairie aster, Aster turbinellis

violet-flowered perennial aster of central United States having solitary heads

sea aster, sea starwort, Aster tripolium

a common European salt-marsh aster

genus Ayapana

genus of tropical American herbs sometimes included in genus Eupatorium

annual salt-marsh aster

a variety of aster

aromatic aster

a variety of aster

arrow leaved aster

a variety of aster

azure aster

a variety of aster

bog aster

a variety of aster

crooked-stemmed aster

a variety of aster

Eastern silvery aster

a variety of aster

flat-topped white aster

a variety of aster

late purple aster

a variety of aster

panicled aster

a variety of aster

perennial salt marsh aster

a variety of aster

purple-stemmed aster

a variety of aster

rough-leaved aster

a variety of aster

rush aster

a variety of aster

Schreiber's aster

a variety of aster

small white aster

a variety of aster

smooth aster

a variety of aster

southern aster

a variety of aster

starved aster, calico aster

a variety of aster

tradescant's aster

a variety of aster

wavy-leaved aster

a variety of aster

Western silvery aster

a variety of aster

willow aster

a variety of aster

ayapana, Ayapana triplinervis, Eupatorium aya-pana

low spreading tropical American shrub with long slender leaves used to make a mildly stimulating drink resembling tea; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium

Baccharis, genus Baccharis

shrubs of western hemisphere often having honey-scented flowers followed by silky thistlelike heads of tiny fruits; often used for erosion control

groundsel tree, groundsel bush, consumption weed, cotton-seed tree, Baccharis halimifolia

a shrub of salt marshes of eastern and south central North America and West Indies; fruit is surrounded with white plumelike hairy tufts

balsamroot

a plant of the genus Balsamorhiza having white-downy leaves in a basal rosettend yellow flowers and long balsam-scented taproots

mule fat, Baccharis viminea

California shrub with slender leafy shoots that are important browse for mule deer

coyote brush, coyote bush, chaparral broom, kidney wort, Baccharis pilularis

widely spreading evergreen shrub of southwestern United States with flower heads in a leafy panicle

Balsamorhiza, genus Balsamorhiza

genus of coarse western American herbs with large roots containing an aromatic balsam

daisy

any of numerous composite plants having flower heads with well-developed ray flowers usually arranged in a single whorl

Bellis, genus Bellis

daisy

common daisy, English daisy, Bellis perennis

low-growing Eurasian plant with yellow central disc flowers and pinkish-white outer ray flowers

bur marigold, burr marigold, beggar-ticks, beggar's-ticks, sticktight

any of several plants of the genus Bidens having yellow flowers and prickly fruits that cling to fur and clothing

Bidens, genus Bidens

bur marigolds

spanish needles, Bidens bipinnata

common bur marigold of the eastern United States

tickseed sunflower, Bidens coronata, Bidens trichosperma

North American bur marigold with large flowers

spanish needles, beggar-ticks

the seed of bur marigolds

false chamomile

any of various autumn-flowering perennials having white or pink to purple flowers that resemble asters; wild in moist soils from New Jersey to Florida and Texas

European beggar-ticks, trifid beggar-ticks, trifid bur marigold, Bidens tripartita

of temperate Eurasia

swampy beggar-ticks, Bidens connata

bur marigold of eastern and northern United States and Canada common in wet pastures and meadows

slender knapweed

a variety of knapweed

Jersey knapweed

a variety of knapweed

Boltonia, genus Boltonia

genus of tall leafy perennial herbs of eastern America and eastern Asia having flowers that resemble asters

Brachycome, genus Brachycome

mostly Australian herbs having basal or alternate leaves and loosely corymbose flower heads

Swan River daisy, Brachycome Iberidifolia

western Australian annual much cultivated for its flower heads with white or bluish to violet or variegated rays

Brickellia, genus Brickelia

genus of herbs of southwestern America having usually creamy florets followed by one-seeded fruits in a prominent bristly sheath

oxeye

Eurasian perennial herbs having daisylike flowers with yellow rays and dark centers

Buphthalmum, genus Buphthalmum

oxeye

Cacalia, genus Cacalia

genus of tall smooth herbs of forested mountains of Europe and Asia minor; in some classifications includes many plants usually placed in genus Emilia

woodland oxeye, Buphthalmum salicifolium

hairy Eurasian perennial having deep yellow daisies on lax willowy stems; found in the wild in open woodland and on rocky slopes

Indian plantain

any of various plants of the genus Cacalia having leaves resembling those of plantain

Callistephus, genus Callistephus

1 species: erect Asiatic herb with large flowers

genus Calendula

marigold

calendula

any of numerous chiefly annual herbs of the genus Calendula widely cultivated for their yellow or orange flowers; often used for medicinal and culinary purposes

common marigold, pot marigold, ruddles, Scotch marigold, Calendula officinalis

the common European annual marigold

China aster, Callistephus chinensis

valued for their beautiful flowers in a wide range of clear bright colors; grown primarily for cutting

Carduus, genus Carduus

genus of annual or perennial Old World prickly thistles

thistle

any of numerous plants of the family_Compositae and especially of the genera Carduus and Cirsium and Onopordum having prickly-edged leaves

welted thistle, Carduus crispus

European biennial introduced in North America having flower heads in crowded clusters at ends of spiny-winged branches

musk thistle, nodding thistle, Carduus nutans

Eurasian perennial naturalized in eastern North America having very spiny white cottony foliage and nodding musky crimson flower heads; valuable source of nectar

stemless carline thistle, Carlina acaulis

stemless perennial having large flowers with white or purple-brown florets nestled in a rosette of long spiny leaves hairy beneath; of alpine regions of southern and eastern Europe

Carlina, genus Carlina

genus of Mediterranean thistles

carline thistle

a thistle of the genus Carlina

common carline thistle, Carlina vulgaris

Eurasian thistle growing in sand dunes and dry chalky soils

Carthamus, genus Carthamus

safflower

safflower, false saffron, Carthamus tinctorius

thistlelike Eurasian plant widely grown for its red or orange flower heads and seeds that yield a valuable oil

genus Catananche

genus of Mediterranean herbs: cupid's dart

blue succory, cupid's dart, Catananche caerula

south European plant having dark-eyed flowers with flat blue rays

catananche

any of several plants of the genus Catananche having long-stalked heads of blue or yellow flowers

basket flower, Centaurea americana

annual of southwestern United States cultivated for its purple-rayed flower heads and its basket-like bracts

Centaurea, genus Centaurea

knapweed; star thistle

centaury

any plant of the genus Centaurea

dusty miller, Centaurea cineraria, Centaurea gymnocarpa

a plant having leaves and stems covered with dust-like down

star-thistle, caltrop, Centauria calcitrapa

Mediterannean annual or biennial herb having pinkish to purple flowers surrounded by spine-tipped scales; naturalized in America

cornflower, bachelor's button, bluebottle, Centaurea cyanus

an annual Eurasian plant cultivated in North America having showy heads of blue or purple or pink or white flowers

sweet sultan, Centaurea imperialis

perennial of mountains of Iran and Iraq; cultivated for its fragrant rose-pink flowers

knapweed

any of various plants of the genus Centaurea having purple thistlelike flowers

great knapweed, greater knapweed, Centaurea scabiosa

tall European perennial having purple flower heads

lesser knapweed, black knapweed, hardheads, Centaurea nigra

a weedy perennial with tough wiry stems and purple flowers; native to Europe but widely naturalized

Barnaby's thistle, yellow star-thistle, Centaurea solstitialis

European weed having a winged stem and hairy leaves; adventive in the eastern United States

chamomile, camomile, Chamaemelum nobilis, Anthemis nobilis

Eurasian plant apple-scented foliage and white-rayed flowers and feathery leaves used medicinally; in some classification systems placed in genus Anthemis

Chamaemelum, genus Chamaemelum

small genus of plants sometimes included in genus Anthemis: chamomile

genus Chrysanthemum

in some classifications many plants usually assigned to the genus Chrysanthemum have been divided among other genera: e.g. Argyranthemum; Dendranthema; Leucanthemum; Tanacetum

genus Chaenactis

genus of flowering herbs of western United States

chaenactis

any of several United States plants having long stalks of funnel-shaped white or yellow flowers

chop-suey greens, tong ho, shun giku, Chrysanthemum coronarium spatiosum

grown for its succulent edible leaves used in Oriental cooking

chrysanthemum

any of numerous perennial Old World herbs having showy brightly colored flower heads of the genera Chrysanthemum; Argyranthemum; Dendranthema; Tanacetum; widely cultivated

corn marigold, field marigold, Chrysanthemum segetum

European herb with bright yellow flowers; a common weed in grain fields

crown daisy, Chrysanthemum coronarium

shrubby annual of the Mediterranean region with yellowish-white flowers

golden aster

any of several shrubby herbs or subshrubs of the genus Chrysopsis having bright golden-yellow flower heads that resemble asters; throughout much of United States and into Canada

Chrysopsis, genus Chrysopsis

golden aster

Maryland golden aster, Chrysopsis mariana

perennial golden aster of southeastern United States

Chrysothamnus, genus Chrysothamnus

genus of low branching shrubs of western North America

grass-leaved golden aster

a variety of golden aster

sickleweed golden aster

a variety of golden aster

rabbit brush, rabbit bush, Chrysothamnus nauseosus

pleasantly aromatic shrub having erect slender flexible hairy branches and dense clusters of small yellow flowers covering vast areas of western alkali plains and affording a retreat for jackrabbits; source of a yellow dye used by Navajo Indians

goldenbush

any of various much-branched yellow-flowered shrubs of the genus Chrysothamnus; western North America

chicory, succory, chicory plant, Cichorium intybus

perennial Old World herb having rayed flower heads with blue florets cultivated for its root and its heads of crisp edible leaves used in salads

Cichorium, genus Cichorium

chicory

endive, witloof, Cichorium endivia

widely cultivated herb with leaves valued as salad green; either curly serrated leaves or broad flat ones that are usually blanched

Canada thistle, creeping thistle, Cirsium arvense

European thistle naturalized in United States and Canada where it is a pernicious weed

Cirsium, genus Cirsium

plume thistles

plume thistle, plumed thistle

any of numerous biennial to perennial herbs with handsome purple or yellow or occasionally white flower heads

woolly thistle, Cirsium flodmanii

thistle of western North America having white woolly leaves

field thistle, Cirsium discolor

stout North American thistle with purplish-pink flower heads

European woolly thistle, Cirsium eriophorum

woolly thistle of western and central Europe and Balkan Peninsula

bull thistle, boar thistle, spear thistle, Cirsium vulgare, Cirsium lanceolatum

European thistle with rather large heads and prickly leaves; extensively naturalized as a weed in the United States

melancholy thistle, Cirsium heterophylum, Cirsium helenioides

perennial stoloniferous thistle of northern Europe with lanceolate basal leaves and usually solitary heads of reddish-purple flowers

brook thistle, Cirsium rivulare

of central and southwestern Europe

horseweed, Canadian fleabane, fleabane, Conyza canadensis, Erigeron canadensis

common North American weed with linear leaves and small discoid heads of yellowish flowers; widely naturalized throughout temperate regions; sometimes placed in genus Erigeron

Cnicus, genus Cnicus

1 species: blessed thistle

blessed thistle, sweet sultan, Cnicus benedictus

annual of Mediterranean to Portugal having hairy stems and minutely spiny-toothed leaves and large heads of yellow flowers

Conoclinium, genus Conoclinium

mistflower

mistflower, ageratum, Conoclinium coelestinum, Eupatorium coelestinum

rhizomatous plant of central and southeastern United States and West Indies having large showy heads of clear blue flowers; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium

Conyza, genus Conyza

common American weed or wildflower

genus Coreopsis

genus of American plants widely cultivated for their flowers

sea dahlia, Coreopsis maritima

stout herb with flowers one to a stalk; ornamental developed from a Mexican wildflower

coreopsis, tickseed, tickweed

any of numerous plants of the genus Coreopsis having a profusion of showy usually yellow daisylike flowers over long periods; North and South America

subgenus Calliopsis

used in some classification systems for some plants of genus Coreopsis

giant coreopsis, Coreopsis gigantea

large treelike shrub having feathery leaves and clusters of large yellow flower heads; coastal southern California

Cotula, genus Cotula

cosmopolitan herbs especially southern hemisphere; many used as ground covers

calliopsis, Coreopsis tinctoria

North American annual widely cultivated for its yellow flowers with purple-red to brownish centers; in some classifications placed in a subgenus Calliopsis

genus Cosmos

genus of tropical American plants cultivated for their colorful flowers

cosmos

any of various mostly Mexican herbs of the genus Cosmos having radiate heads of variously colored flowers and pinnate leaves; popular fall-blooming annuals

brass buttons, Cotula coronopifolia

South African herb with golden-yellow globose flower heads; naturalized in moist areas along coast of California; cultivated as an ornamental

Crepis, genus Crepis

hawk's beard; cosmopolitan in northern hemisphere

Craspedia, genus Craspedia

herbs of Australia and New Zealand

billy buttons

any of various plants of the genus Craspedia grown for their downy foliage and globose heads of golden flowers; Australia and New Zealand

hawk's-beard, hawk's-beards

any of various plants of the genus Crepis having loose heads of yellow flowers on top of a long branched leafy stem; northern hemisphere

artichoke, globe artichoke, artichoke plant, Cynara scolymus

Mediterranean thistlelike plant widely cultivated for its large edible flower head

Cynara, genus Cynara

artichoke; cardoon

genus Dahlia

genus of perennial tuberous-rooted plants of Mexico and Central America

cardoon, Cynara cardunculus

southern European plant having spiny leaves and purple flowers cultivated for its edible leafstalks and roots

dahlia, Dahlia pinnata

any of several plants of or developed from the species Dahlia pinnata having tuberous roots and showy rayed variously colored flower heads; native to the mountains of Mexico and Central America and Colombia

German ivy, Delairea odorata, Senecio milkanioides

South African succulent evergreen twining climber with yellow flowers grown primarily as a houseplant for its ivylike foliage; sometimes placed in genus Senecio

Delairea, genus Delairea

1 species: German ivy

Dendranthema, genus Dendranthema

comprises plants often included in the genus Chrysanthemum

Dimorphotheca, genus Dimorphotheca

South African herbs or subshrubs with usually yellow flowers

florist's chrysanthemum, florists' chrysanthemum, mum, Dendranthema grandifloruom, Chrysanthemum morifolium

of China

Doronicum, genus Doronicum

genus of Eurasian perennial tuberous or rhizomatous herbs: leopard's bane

cape marigold, sun marigold, star of the veldt

any of several South African plants grown for the profusion of usually yellow daisylike flowers and mounds of aromatic foliage

Echinacea, genus Echinacea

small genus of North American coarse perennial herbs

leopard's-bane, leopardbane

any of several herbs of the genus Dononicum having alternate often clasping stem leaves cultivated for their long stalks of yellow flower heads

coneflower

any of various perennials of the eastern United States having thick rough leaves and long-stalked showy flowers with drooping rays and a conelike center

tassel flower, Emilia coccinea, Emilia javanica, Emilia flammea, Cacalia javanica, Cacalia lutea

tropical African annual having scarlet tassel-shaped flower heads; sometimes placed in genus Cacalia

Echinops, genus Echinops

genus of Mediterranean and Eurasian herbs: globe thistles

globe thistle

any of various plants of the genus Echinops having prickly leaves and dense globose heads of bluish flowers

Elephantopus, genus Elephantopus

perennial American herb

elephant's-foot

any plant of the genus Elephantopus having heads of blue or purple flowers; America

Emilia, genus Emilia

tropical African herbs

tassel flower, Emilia sagitta

tropical Asiatic annual cultivated for its small tassel-shaped heads of scarlet flowers

Encelia, genus Encelia

genus of shrubs of southwestern United States and Mexico: brittlebush

brittlebush, brittle bush, incienso, Encelia farinosa

fragrant rounded shrub of southwestern United States and adjacent Mexico having brittle stems and small crowded blue-green leaves and yellow flowers; produces a resin used in incense and varnish and in folk medicine

sunray, Enceliopsis nudicaulis

herb having a basal cluster of gray-green leaves and leafless stalks each with a solitary broad yellow flower head; desert areas Idaho to Arizona

Enceliopsis, genus Enceliopsis

small genus of xerophytic herbs of southwestern United States

genus Engelmannia

1 species: North American sunflowerlike herbs

engelmannia

common erect hairy perennial of plains and prairies of southern and central United States having sunflowerlike flowers

genus Erechtites

coarse herbs with whitish discoid flower heads and silky pappus

Erigeron, genus Erigeron

cosmopolitan genus of usually perennial herbs with flowers that resemble asters; leaves occasionally (especially formerly) used medicinally

fireweed, Erechtites hieracifolia

an American weedy plant with small white or greenish flowers

blue fleabane, Erigeron acer

widespread weed with pale purple-blue flowers

fleabane

any of several North American plants of the genus Erigeron having daisylike flowers; formerly believed to repel fleas

daisy fleabane, Erigeron annuus

widely naturalized white-flowered North American herb

orange daisy, orange fleabane, Erigeron aurantiacus

mat-forming herb of Turkestan with nearly double orange-yellow flowers

spreading fleabane, Erigeron divergens

well-branched plant with hairy leaves and stems each with a solitary flower head with narrow white or pink or lavender rays; western North America

seaside daisy, beach aster, Erigeron glaucous

slightly succulent perennial with basal leaves and hairy sticky stems each bearing a solitary flower head with narrow pink or lavender rays; coastal bluffs Oregon to southern California

Philadelphia fleabane, Erigeron philadelphicus

especially pretty plant having a delicate fringe of threadlike rays around flower heads having very slender white or pink rays; United States and Canada

robin's plantain, Erigeron pulchellus

common perennial of eastern North America having flowers with usually violet-purple rays

showy daisy, Erigeron speciosus

plant having branching leafy stems each branch with an especially showy solitary flower head with many narrow pink or lavender or white rays; northwestern United States mountains

Eriophyllum, genus Eriophyllum

genus of hairy herbs and shrubs of western North America

Eupatorium, genus Eupatorium

large genus of chiefly tropical herbs having heads of white or purplish flowers

woolly sunflower

any plant of the genus Eriophyllum

golden yarrow, Eriophyllum lanatum

grayish woolly leafy perennial with branched stems ending in leafless stalks bearing golden-yellow flower heads; dry areas western North America

dog fennel, Eupatorium capillifolium

weedy plant of southeastern United States having divided leaves and long clusters of greenish flowers

hemp agrimony, Eupatorium cannabinum

coarse European herb with palmately-divided leaves and clusters of small reddish-purple flower heads

Joe-Pye weed, spotted Joe-Pye weed, Eupatorium maculatum

North American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of small pinkish or purple flower heads

boneset, agueweed, thoroughwort, Eupatorium perfoliatum

perennial herb of southeastern United States having white-rayed flower heads; formerly used as in folk medicine

Joe-Pye weed, purple boneset, trumpet weed, marsh milkweed, Eupatorium purpureum

North American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of flowers spotted with purple

blue daisy, blue marguerite, Felicia amelloides

hairy South African or Australian subshrub with blue-rayed daisylike flowers

Felicia, genus Felicia

genus of tropical African herbs or subshrubs with usually blue flowers

kingfisher daisy, Felicia bergeriana

softly hairy South African herb having flowers with bright blue rays

cotton rose, cudweed, filago

any plant of the genus Filago having capitate clusters of small woolly flower heads

genus Filago

genus of small woolly herbs

herba impia, Filago germanica

(literally an undutiful herb) a variety of cotton rose

genus Gaillardia

genus of western American hairy herbs with showy flowers

blanket flower, Indian blanket, firewheel, Gaillardia pulchella

annual of central United States having showy long-stalked yellow flower heads marked with scarlet or purple in the center

gaillardia

any plant of western America of the genus Gaillardia having hairy leaves and long-stalked flowers in hot vibrant colors from golden yellow and copper to rich burgundy

gazania

any plant of the genus Gazania valued for their showy daisy flowers

genus Gazania

genus of tomentose tropical African herbs with milky sap

treasure flower, Gazania rigens

decumbent South African perennial with short densely leafy stems and orange flower rays with black eyespots at base

Gerbera, genus Gerbera

genus of South African or Asiatic herbs: African daisies

African daisy

African or Asiatic herbs with daisylike flowers

Barberton daisy, Transvaal daisy, Gerbera jamesonii

widely cultivated South African perennial having flower heads with orange to flame-colored rays

Gerea, genus Gerea

small genus of hairy herbs with yellow flowers

Gnaphalium, genus Gnaphalium

large widely distributed genus of coarse hairy herbs with whitish involucres

desert sunflower, Gerea canescens

slender hairy plant with few leaves and golden-yellow flower heads; sandy desert areas of southeastern California to southwestern Utah and western Arizona and northwestern Mexico

chafeweed, wood cudweed, Gnaphalium sylvaticum

weedy perennial of north temperate regions having woolly foliage and dirty white flowers in a leafy spike

cudweed

any of numerous plants of the genus Gnaphalium having flowers that can be dried without loss of form or color

Grindelia, genus Grindelia

large genus of coarse gummy herbs of western North and Central America

gumweed, gum plant, tarweed, rosinweed

any of various western American plants of the genus Grindelia having resinous leaves and stems formerly used medicinally; often poisonous to livestock

curlycup gumweed, Grindelia squarrosa

perennial gumweed of western and central North America

Grindelia robusta

perennial gumweed of California and Baja California

Gutierrezia, genus Gutierrezia

sticky perennial herbs and subshrubs of western North America and warm South America

little-head snakeweed, Gutierrezia microcephala

similar to Gutierrezia sarothrae but with flower heads having fewer rays and disk flowers

matchweed, matchbush

any of several plants of the genus Gutierrezia having tiny matchlike flower heads

Gynura, genus Gynura

genus of Old World tropical herbs: velvet plants

rabbitweed, snakeweed, broom snakeweed, broom snakeroot, turpentine weed, Gutierrezia sarothrae

low-growing sticky subshrub of southwestern United States having narrow linear leaves on many slender branches and hundreds of tiny yellow flower heads

broomweed, Gutierrezia texana

annual of southwestern United States having rigid woody branches with sticky foliage and yellow flowers

velvet plant, purple velvet plant, royal velvet plant, Gynura aurantiaca

Javanese foliage plant grown for their handsome velvety leaves with violet-purple hairs

Haastia, genus Haastia

genus of New Zealand mat-forming herbs or subshrubs: vegetable_sheep

vegetable sheep, sheep plant, Haastia pulvinaris

cushion-forming New Zealand herb having leaves densely covered with tawny hairs

yellow spiny daisy, Haplopappus spinulosus

slender perennial of western North America having weakly bristly leaves and yellow flower heads

Haplopappus, genus Haplopappus

genus of North and South American perennial herbs or shrubs with yellow flowers; in some classifications include species placed in other genera especially Hazardia

goldenbush

a plant of the genus Haplopappus

camphor daisy, Haplopappus phyllocephalus

annual of southern United States and Mexico having bristly leaves and pale yellow flowers

Helenium, genus Helenium

genus of American herbs with yellow-rayed flowers: sneezeweeds

Hazardia, genus Hazardia

small genus of shrubs and subshrubs of western United States having flowers that change color as they mature

hoary golden bush, Hazardia cana

western American shrubs having white felted foliage and yellow flowers that become red-purple

orange sneezeweed, owlclaws, Helenium hoopesii

stout perennial herb of western United States having flower heads with drooping orange-yellow rays; causes spewing sickness in sheep

sneezeweed

any of various plants of the genus Helenium characteristically causing sneezing

autumn sneezeweed, Helenium autumnale

North American perennial with bright yellow late summer flowers flowers

genus Helianthus

genus of tall erect or branched American annual or perennial herbs with showy flowers: sunflowers

rosilla, Helenium puberulum

a sneezeweed of southwestern United States especially southern California

sunflower, helianthus

any plant of the genus Helianthus having large flower heads with dark disk florets and showy yellow rays

swamp sunflower, Helianthus angustifolius

sunflower of eastern North America having narrow leaves and found in bogs

common sunflower, mirasol, Helianthus annuus

annual sunflower grown for silage and for its seeds which are a source of oil; common throughout United States and much of North America

showy sunflower, Helianthus laetiflorus

tall rough-leaved perennial with a few large flower heads; central United States

giant sunflower, tall sunflower, Indian potato, Helianthus giganteus

very tall American perennial of central and the eastern United States to Canada having edible tuberous roots

Maximilian's sunflower, Helianthus maximilianii

tall perennial of central United States to Canada having golden-yellow flowers

prairie sunflower, Helianthus petiolaris

similar to the common sunflower with slender usually branching stems common in central United States

Jerusalem artichoke, girasol, Jerusalem artichoke sunflower, Helianthus tuberosus

tall perennial with hairy stems and leaves; widely cultivated for its large irregular edible tubers

strawflower, golden everlasting, yellow paper daisy, Helichrysum bracteatum

Australian plant naturalized in Spain having flowers of lemon yellow to deep gold; the choice everlasting of dried-flower lovers

Helichrysum, genus Helichrysum

large genus of mostly African and Australian herbs and shrubs: everlasting flowers; in some classifications includes genus Ozothamnus

heliopsis, oxeye

any North American shrubby perennial herb of the genus Heliopsis having large yellow daisylike flowers

genus Heliopsis

oxeye

Heterotheca, genus Heterotheca

genus of yellow-flowered North American herbs

Helipterum, genus Helipterum

genus of South African and Australian herbs or shrubs grown as everlastings; the various Helipterum species are currently in process of being assigned to other genera especially Pteropogon and Hyalosperma

strawflower

any of various plants of the genus Helipterum

Hieracium, genus Hieracium

large genus of perennial hairy herbs of Europe to western Asia to northwestern Africa and North America; few are ornamental; often considered congeneric with Pilosella

hairy golden aster, prairie golden aster, Heterotheca villosa, Chrysopsis villosa

hairy perennial with yellow flower heads in branched clusters; found almost everywhere in dry places from Canada to west central and western United States; sometimes placed in genus Chrysopsis

hawkweed

any of numerous often hairy plants of the genus Hieracium having yellow or orange flowers that resemble the dandelion

rattlesnake weed, Hieracium venosum

a hawkweed with a rosette of purple-veined basal leaves; Canada to northern Georgia and Kentucky

king devil, yellow hawkweed, Hieracium praealtum

European hawkweed introduced into northeastern United States; locally troublesome weeds

Homogyne, genus Homogyne

small genus of low perennial herbs of montane Europe; in some classifications included in genus Tussilago

alpine coltsfoot, Homogyne alpina, Tussilago alpina

rhizomatous herb with purple-red flowers suitable for groundcover; sometimes placed in genus Tussilago

dwarf hulsea, Hulsea nana

similar to but smaller than alpine hulsea

Hulsea, genus Hulsea

small genus of erect balsam-scented herbs; United States Pacific NW

alpine gold, alpine hulsea, Hulsea algida

low tufted plant having hairy stems each topped by a flower head with short narrow yellow rays; northwestern United States

Hyalosperma, genus Hyalosperma

genus of herbs of temperate Australia including some from genus Helipterum

Hypochaeris, genus Hypochaeris, Hypochoeris, genus Hypochoeris

widely distributed genus of milky-juiced herbs including some cosmopolitan weeds

genus Inula

genus of Old World herbs or subshrubs: elecampane

cat's-ear, California dandelion, capeweed, gosmore, Hypochaeris radicata

European weed widely naturalized in North America having yellow flower heads and leaves resembling a cat's ears

elecampane, Inula helenium

tall coarse Eurasian herb having daisylike yellow flowers with narrow petals whose rhizomatous roots are used medicinally

inula

any plant of the genus Inula

burweed marsh elder, false ragweed, Iva xanthifolia

tall annual marsh elder common in moist rich soil is central North America that can cause contact dermatitis; produces much pollen that is a major cause of hay fever

genus Iva

small genus of American herbs or shrubs; in some classifications placed in a separate family Ambrosiaceae

marsh elder, iva

any of various coarse shrubby plants of the genus Iva with small greenish flowers; common in moist areas (as coastal salt marshes) of eastern and central North America

genus Krigia

small herbs closely related to chicory: dwarf dandelions

krigia

any small branched yellow-flowered North American herb of the genus Krigia

dwarf dandelion, Krigia dandelion, Krigia bulbosa

small yellow-flowered herb resembling dandelions of central and southeastern United States

Lactuca, genus Lactuca

milky-juiced herb: lettuce; prickly lettuce

lettuce

any of various plants of the genus Lactuca

garden lettuce, common lettuce, Lactuca sativa

annual or perennial garden plant having succulent leaves used in salads; widely grown

cos lettuce, romaine lettuce, Lactuca sativa longifolia

lettuce with long dark-green spoon-shaped leaves

head lettuce, Lactuca sativa capitata

distinguished by leaves arranged in a dense rosette that develop into a compact ball

leaf lettuce, Lactuca sativa crispa

distinguished by leaves having curled or incised leaves forming a loose rosette that does not develop into a compact head

celtuce, stem lettuce, Lactuca sativa asparagina

lettuce valued especially for its edible stems

prickly lettuce, horse thistle, Lactuca serriola, Lactuca scariola

European annual wild lettuce having prickly stems; a troublesome weed in parts of United States

Lasthenia, genus Lasthenia

small genus of herbs of Pacific coast of North and South America

Lagenophera, genus Lagenophera

small genus of herbs of Australia and South America having small solitary white or purple flowers similar to true daisies of genus Bellis

goldfields, Lasthenia chrysostoma

small slender woolly annual with very narrow opposite leaves and branches bearing solitary golden-yellow flower heads; southwestern Oregon to Baja California and Arizona; often cultivated

tidytips, tidy tips, Layia platyglossa

California annual having flower heads with yellow rays tipped with white

Layia, genus Layia

genus of western United States annuals with showy yellow or white flowers

hawkbit

any of various common wildflowers of the genus Leontodon; of temperate Eurasia to Mediterranean regions

Leontodon, genus Leontodon

hawkbit

fall dandelion, arnica bud, Leontodon autumnalis

fall-blooming European herb with a yellow flower; naturalized in the United States

edelweiss, Leontopodium alpinum

alpine perennial plant native to Europe having leaves covered with whitish down and small flower heads held in stars of glistening whitish bracts

Leontopodium, genus Leontopodium

edelweiss

Leucanthemum, genus Leucanthemum

comprises plants often included in the genus Chrysanthemum

oxeye daisy, ox-eyed daisy, marguerite, moon daisy, white daisy, Leucanthemum vulgare, Chrysanthemum leucanthemum

tall leafy-stemmed Eurasian perennial with white flowers; widely naturalized; often placed in genus Chrysanthemum

Pyrenees daisy, Leucanthemum lacustre, Chrysanthemum lacustre

perennial of Portugal similar to the oxeye daisy

oxeye daisy, Leucanthemum maximum, Chrysanthemum maximum

similar to oxeye daisy

shasta daisy, Leucanthemum superbum, Chrysanthemum maximum maximum

hybrid garden flower derived from Chrysanthemum maximum and Chrysanthemum lacustre having large white flower heads resembling oxeye daisies; often placed in the genus Chrysanthemum

north island edelweiss, Leucogenes leontopodium

perennial herb closely resembling European edelweiss; New Zealand

Leucogenes, genus Leucogenes

New Zealand edelweiss

Liatris, genus Liatris

genus of perennial North American herbs with aromatic usually cormous roots

dotted gayfeather, Liatris punctata

herb with many stems bearing narrow slender wands of crowded rose-lavender flowers; central United States and Canada to Texas and northern Mexico

blazing star, button snakeroot, gayfeather, snakeroot

any of various North American plants of the genus Liatris having racemes or panicles of small discoid flower heads

dense blazing star, Liatris pycnostachya

perennial of southeastern and central United States having very dense spikes of purple flowers; often cultivated for cut flowers

Texas star, Lindheimera texana

Texas annual with coarsely pinnatifid leaves; cultivated for its showy radiate yellow flower heads

Ligularia, genus Ligularia

genus of Old World herbs resembling groundsel: leopard plants

leopard plant

any of various plants of temperate Eurasia; grown for their yellow flowers and handsome foliage

Lindheimera, genus Lindheimera

1 species: Texas star

Machaeranthera, genus Machaeranthera

wildflowers of western North America

Lonas, genus Lonas

1 species: yellow ageratum

African daisy, yellow ageratum, Lonas inodora, Lonas annua

shrub of southwestern Mediterranean region having yellow daisylike flowers

sticky aster, Machaeranthera bigelovii

wild aster having leafy stems and flower heads with narrow bright reddish-lavender or purple rays; western Colorado to Arizona

tahoka daisy, tansy leaf aster, Machaeranthera tanacetifolia

wild aster with fernlike leaves and flower heads with very narrow bright purple rays; Alberta to Texas and Mexico

Mojave aster, Machaeranthera tortifoloia

wild aster having grayish leafy stems and flower heads with narrow pale lavender or violet rayes; of rocky desert slopes California to Arizona and Utah

Madia, genus Madia

genus of sticky herbs with yellow flowers open in morning or evening but closed in bright light

common madia, common tarweed, Madia elegans

California annual having red-brown spots near the base of its yellow flower rays

tarweed

any of various resinous glandular plants of the genus Madia; of western North and South America

melosa, Chile tarweed, madia oil plant, Madia sativa

South American herb with sticky glandular foliage; source of madia oil

Matricaria, genus Matricaria

chiefly Old World strong-smelling weedy herbs; comprises plants sometimes included in other genera: e.g. Tanacetum; Tripleurospermum

sweet false chamomile, wild chamomile, German chamomile, Matricaria recutita, Matricaria chamomilla

annual Eurasian herb similar in fragrance and medicinal uses to chamomile though taste is more bitter and effect is considered inferior

pineapple weed, Matricaria matricarioides

annual aromatic weed of Pacific coastal areas (United States; northeastern Asia) having bristle-pointed leaves and rayless yellow flowers

Melampodium, genus Melampodium

herbs and subshrubs of warm North America

blackfoot daisy, Melampodium leucanthum

bushy subshrub having flower heads that resemble asters with broad white rays; found in desert areas of Arizona east to Kansas and south to Mexico

genus Mutisia

genus of South American shrubs or lianas having large flower heads with feathery pappuses

Mikania, genus Mikania

large genus of evergreen lianas of tropical America

climbing hempweed, climbing boneset, wild climbing hempweed, climbing hemp-vine, Mikania scandens

herb of tropical America having vanilla-scented flowers; climbs up trees

mutisia

any of various plants of the genus Mutisia

Nabalus, genus Nabalus

genus of North American and east Asian perennial herbs; sometimes included in genus Prenanthes

white lettuce, cankerweed, Nabalus alba, Prenanthes alba

herb of northeastern North America having drooping clusters of yellowish-white flowers; sometimes placed in genus Prenanthes

rattlesnake root

a plant of the genus Nabalus

muskwood, Olearia argophylla

musk-scented shrub or tree of southern and southeastern Australia having creamy-yellow flower heads

lion's foot, gall of the earth, Nabalus serpentarius, Prenanthes serpentaria

common perennial herb widely distributed in the southern and eastern United States having drooping clusters of pinkish flowers and thick basal leaves suggesting a lion's foot in shape; sometimes placed in genus Prenanthes

Olearia, genus Olearia

large genus of Australian evergreen shrubs or small trees with large daisylike flowers

daisybush, daisy bush

any of various mostly Australian attractively shaped shrubs of the genus Olearia grown for their handsome and sometimes fragrant evergreen foliage and profusion of daisy flowers with white or purple or blue rays

New Zealand daisybush, Olearia haastii

bushy New Zealand shrub cultivated for its fragrant white flower heads

Onopordum, genus Onopordum, Onopordon, genus Onopordon

a genus of Eurasian herbs of the family Compositae with prickly foliage and large purplish flowers

cotton thistle, woolly thistle, Scotch thistle, Onopordum acanthium, Onopordon acanthium

biennial Eurasian white hairy thistle having pale purple flowers; naturalized in North America

genus Othonna

genus of western African herbs or shrubs

othonna

a South African plant of the genus Othonna having smooth often fleshy leaves and heads of yellow flowers

Ozothamnus, genus Ozothamnus

genus of Australian shrubs and perennial herbs; sometimes included in genus Helichrysum

Packera, genus Packera

genus of American of east Asian perennial herbs with yellow to orange or red flower rays; sometimes included in genus Senecio

cascade everlasting, Ozothamnus secundiflorus, Helichrysum secundiflorum

shrub with white woolly branches and woolly leaves having fragrant flowers forming long sprays; flowers suitable for drying; sometimes placed in genus Helichrysum

butterweed

any of several yellow-flowered plants of the genus Packer; often placed in genus Senecio

golden groundsel, golden ragwort, Packera aurea, Senecio aureus

weedy herb of the eastern United States to Texas having golden-yellow flowers; sometimes becomes invasive; sometimes placed in genus Senecio

bastard feverfew, Parthenium hysterophorus

tropical American annual weed with small radiate heads of white flowers; adventive in southern United States

Parthenium, genus Parthenium

small genus of North American herbs and shrubs with terminal panicles of small ray flowers

guayule, Parthenium argentatum

much-branched subshrub with silvery leaves and small white flowers of Texas and northern Mexico; cultivated as a source of rubber

cineraria, Pericallis cruenta, Senecio cruentus

herb of Canary Islands widely cultivated for its blue or purple or red or variegated daisylike flowers

American feverfew, wild quinine, prairie dock, Parthenium integrifolium

stout perennial herb of the eastern United States with whitish flowers; leaves traditionally used by Catawba indians to treat burns

Pericallis, genus Pericallis

cineraria

florest's cineraria, Pericallis hybrida

herb derived from Pericallis_cruenta and widely cultivated in a variety of profusely flowering forms with florets from white to pink to red or purple or violet or blue; sometimes placed in genus Cineraria

Picris, genus Picris

genus of weedy Old World yellow-flowered herbs usually containing a bitter-tasting substance: bitterweed

Petasites, genus Petasites

genus of rhizomatous herbs of north temperate regions: butterbur; sweet coltsfoot

butterbur, bog rhubarb, Petasites hybridus, Petasites vulgaris

small Eurasian herb having broad leaves and lilac-pink rayless flowers; found in moist areas

winter heliotrope, sweet coltsfoot, Petasites fragrans

European herb with vanilla-scented white-pink flowers

sweet coltsfoot, Petasites sagitattus

American sweet-scented herb

orange hawkweed, Pilosella aurantiaca, Hieracium aurantiacum

European hawkweed having flower heads with bright orange-red rays; a troublesome weed especially as naturalized in northeastern North America; sometimes placed in genus Hieracium

oxtongue, bristly oxtongue, bitterweed, bugloss, Picris echioides

widespread European weed with spiny tongue-shaped leaves and yellow flowers; naturalized in United States

Pilosella, genus Pilosella

genus of hairy perennial herbs with horizontal rhizomes and leafy or underground stolons; Eurasia and North Africa; often considered congeneric with Hieracium

hawkweed

any of various plants of the genus Pilosella

mouse-ear hawkweed, Pilosella officinarum, Hieracium pilocella

European hawkweed having soft hairy leaves; sometimes placed in genus Hieracium

Piqueria, genus Piqueria

small genus of tropical American perennial herbs or subshrubs with white to pale yellow flowers; often included in genus Stevia

stevia

any plant of the genus Piqueria or the closely related genus Stevia

pteropogon, Pteropogon humboltianum

southern Australian plant having feathery hairs surrounding the fruit

Prenanthes, genus Prenanthes

genus of North American and Asiatic perennial herbs having pinnatisect leaves small heads of drooping yellowish to purple flowers; sometimes includes species often placed in genus Nabalus

rattlesnake root, Prenanthes purpurea

herb of central and southern Europe having purple florets

genus Pteropogon

genus of Australian and South African herbs including some from genus Helipterum

fleabane, feabane mullet, Pulicaria dysenterica

hairy perennial Eurasian herb with yellow daisylike flowers reputed to destroy or drive away fleas

Pulicaria, genus Pulicaria

genus of temperate Old World herbs: fleabane

Pyrethrum, genus Pyrethrum

used in former classifications for plants later placed in genus Chrysanthemum and now often included in genus Tanacetum

Raoulia, genus Raoulia

genus of low-growing mat-forming New Zealand plants; in some classifications includes species placed in genus Haastia

sheep plant, vegetable sheep, Raoulia lutescens, Raoulia australis

perennial prostrate mat-forming herb with hoary woolly foliage

Ratibida, genus Ratibida

genus of perennial wildflowers of North American plains and prairies; often cultivated for their showy flower heads

Mexican hat, Ratibida columnaris

coneflower with flower heads resembling a Mexican hat with a tall red-brown disk and drooping yellow or yellow and red-brown rays; great plains along base of Rocky Mountains

prairie coneflower, Ratibida tagetes

coneflower of central to southwestern United States

long-head coneflower, prairie coneflower, Ratibida columnifera

plant similar to the Mexican hat coneflower; from British Columbia to New Mexico

genus Rhodanthe

genus of xerophytic herbs and shrubs of South Africa and Australia; sometimes included in genus Helipterum

Swan River everlasting, rhodanthe, Rhodanthe manglesii, Helipterum manglesii

Australian annual everlasting having light pink nodding flower heads; sometimes placed in genus Helipterum

black-eyed Susan, Rudbeckia hirta, Rudbeckia serotina

the state flower of Maryland; of central and southeastern United States; having daisylike flowers with dark centers and yellow to orange rays

Rudbeckia, genus Rudbeckia

North American perennial herbs with showy cone-shaped flower heads

coneflower

any of various plants of the genus Rudbeckia cultivated for their large usually yellow daisies with prominent central cones

Santolina, genus Santolina

genus of Mediterranean subshrubs with rayless flower heads

cutleaved coneflower, Rudbeckia laciniata

tall leafy plant with erect branches ending in large yellow flower heads with downward-arching rays; Rocky Mtns south to Arizona and east to Atlantic coast

golden glow, double gold, hortensia, Rudbeckia laciniata hortensia

very tall branching herb with showy much-doubled yellow flower heads

Sanvitalia, genus Sanvitalia

small genus of tropical American annual herbs: creeping zinnia

lavender cotton, Santolina chamaecyparissus

branching aromatic Mediterranean shrub with woolly stems and leaves and yellow flowers

creeping zinnia, Sanvitalia procumbens

low-branching leafy annual with zinnialike flower heads; southwestern United States and Mexico to Guatemala

Saussurea, genus Saussurea

genus of herbs of temperate and cool regions of Eurasia

costusroot, Saussurea costus, Saussurea lappa

annual herb of the eastern Himalayas (Kashmir) having purple florets and a fragrant root that yields a volatile oil used in perfumery and for preserving furs

Spanish oyster plant, Scolymus hispanicus

a golden thistle of southwestern Europe cultivated for its edible sweet roots and edible leaves and stalks; its yellow flowers are used as a substitute for saffron

Scolymus, genus Scolymus

small genus of thistlelike herbs of the Mediterranean region

golden thistle

any of several spiny Mediterranean herbs of the genus Scolymus having yellow flower heads

Senecio, genus Senecio

enormous and diverse cosmopolitan genus of trees and shrubs and vines and herbs including many weeds

nodding groundsel, Senecio bigelovii

plant with erect leafy stems bearing clusters of rayless yellow flower heads on bent individual stalks; moist regions of southwestern United States

dusty miller, Senecio cineraria, Cineraria maritima

stiff much-branched perennial of the Mediterranean region having very white woolly stems and leaves; sometimes placed in genus Cineraria

butterweed, ragwort, Senecio glabellus

American ragwort with yellow flowers

threadleaf groundsel, Senecio doublasii

bluish-green bushy leafy plant covered with close white wool and bearing branched clusters of yellow flower heads; southwestern United States; toxic to range livestock

ragwort, tansy ragwort, ragweed, benweed, Senecio jacobaea

widespread European weed having yellow daisylike flowers; sometimes an obnoxious weed and toxic to cattle if consumed in quantity

arrowleaf groundsel, Senecio triangularis

perennial with sharply toothed triangular leaves on leafy stems bearing a cluster of yellow flower heads; moist places in mountains of western North America

groundsel, Senecio vulgaris

Eurasian weed with heads of small yellow flowers

genus Scorzonera

genus of narrow-leaved European herbs

white-topped aster

herb having corymbose white-rayed flowers with scaly bracts and silky indehiscent fruits

black salsify, viper's grass, scorzonera, Scorzonera hispanica

perennial south European herb having narrow entire leaves and solitary yellow flower heads and long black-skinned carrot-shaped edible roots

Sericocarpus, genus Sericocarpus

small genus of herbs of the eastern United States: white-topped asters

silver sage, silver sagebrush, gray sage, Seriphidium canum, Artemisia cana

low much-branched perennial of western United States having silvery leaves; an important browse and shelter plant

narrow-leaved white-topped aster

a variety of white-topped aster

Seriphidium, genus Seriphidium

woody plants grown chiefly for their silver or gray and often aromatic foliage; formerly included in the genus Artemisia

sea wormwood, Seriphidium maritimum, Artemisia maritima

plants of western and northern European coasts

big sagebrush, blue sage, Seriphidium tridentatum, Artemisia tridentata

aromatic shrub of arid regions of western North America having hoary leaves

Serratula, genus Serratula

genus of Old World perennial herbs with spirally arranged toothed leaves

sawwort, Serratula tinctoria

European perennial whose serrate leaves yield a yellow dye

rosinweed, Silphium laciniatum

North American perennial having a resinous odor and yellow flowers

Silphium, genus Silphium

tall North American perennial herbs

milk thistle, lady's thistle, Our Lady's mild thistle, holy thistle, blessed thistle, Silybum marianum

tall Old World biennial thistle with large clasping white-blotched leaves and purple flower heads; naturalized in California and South America

Silybum, genus Silybum

small genus of east African herbs

silverrod, Solidago bicolor

plant of eastern North America having creamy white flowers

Solidago, genus Solidago

goldenrod

goldenrod

any of numerous chiefly summer-blooming and fall-blooming North American plants especially of the genus Solidago

Missouri goldenrod, Solidago missouriensis

similar to meadow goldenrod but usually smaller

meadow goldenrod, Canadian goldenrod, Solidago canadensis

large North American goldenrod having showy clusters of yellow flowers on arching branches; often a weed

alpine goldenrod, Solidago multiradiata

goldenrod similar to narrow goldenrod but having bristly hairs on edges of leaf stalks; mountainous regions of western America

gray goldenrod, Solidago nemoralis

a dyer's weed of Canada and the eastern United States having yellow flowers sometimes used in dyeing

Blue Mountain tea, sweet goldenrod, Solidago odora

goldenrod of eastern America (especially Blue Mountains of Pennsylvania) having aromatic leaves from which a medicinal tea is made

dyer's weed, Solidago rugosa

eastern North American herb whose yellow flowers are (or were) used in dyeing

seaside goldenrod, beach goldenrod, Solidago sempervirens

vigorous showy goldenrod common along eastern and Gulf coasts of North America

stemless golden weed, Stenotus acaulis, Haplopappus acaulis

dark green erect herb of northwestern United States and southwestern Canada having stiff leaves in dense tufts and yellow flower heads; sometimes placed in genus Haplopappus

narrow goldenrod, Solidago spathulata

western American goldenrod with long narrow clusters of small yellow flowers

Boott's goldenrod

a variety of goldenrod

Elliott's goldenrod

a variety of goldenrod

Ohio goldenrod

a variety of goldenrod

rough-stemmed goldenrod

a variety of goldenrod

showy goldenrod

a variety of goldenrod

tall goldenrod

a variety of goldenrod

zigzag goldenrod, broad leaved goldenrod

a variety of goldenrod

Sonchus, genus Sonchus

sow thistles

sow thistle, milk thistle

any of several Old World coarse prickly-leaved shrubs and subshrubs having milky juice and yellow flowers; widely naturalized; often noxious weeds in cultivated soil

milkweed, Sonchus oleraceus

annual Eurasian sow thistle with soft spiny leaves and rayed yellow flower heads

Stenotus, genus Stenotus

genus of western North American low evergreen shrubs growing in dense tufts

genus Stevia

genus of shrubs and herbs of tropical and warm Americas

stevia

any plant of the genus Stevia or the closely related genus Piqueria having glutinous foliage and white or purplish flowers; Central and South America

stokes' aster, cornflower aster, Stokesia laevis

erect perennial of southeastern United States having large heads of usually blue flowers

Stokesia, genus Stokesia

1 species: stokes' aster

marigold

any of various tropical American plants of the genus Tagetes widely cultivated for their showy yellow or orange flowers

Tageteste, genus Tagetes

marigolds

French marigold, Tagetes patula

strong-scented bushy annual with orange or yellow flower heads marked with red; Mexico and Guatemala

African marigold, big marigold, Aztec marigold, Tagetes erecta

a stout branching annual with large yellow to orange flower heads; Mexico and Central America

costmary, alecost, bible leaf, mint geranium, balsam herb, Tanacetum balsamita, Chrysanthemum balsamita

tansy-scented Eurasian perennial herb with buttonlike yellow flowers; used as potherb or salad green and sometimes for potpourri or tea or flavoring; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum

Tanacetum, genus Tanacetum

a large genus of plants resembling chrysanthemums; comprises some plants often included in other genera especially genus Chrysanthemum

camphor dune tansy, Tanacetum camphoratum

densely hairy plant with rayless flowers; San Francisco Bay area

painted daisy, pyrethrum, Tanacetum coccineum, Chrysanthemum coccineum

spring-flowering garden perennial of Asiatic origin having finely divided aromatic leaves and white to pink-purple flowers; source of an insecticide; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum

pyrethrum, Dalmatian pyrethrum, Dalmatia pyrethrum, Tanacetum cinerariifolium, Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium

white-flowered pyrethrum of Balkan area whose pinnate leaves are white and silky-hairy below; source of an insecticide; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum

feverfew, Tanacetum parthenium, Chrysanthemum parthenium

bushy aromatic European perennial herb having clusters of buttonlike white-rayed flower heads; valued traditionally for medicinal uses; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum

northern dune tansy, Tanacetum douglasii

lightly hairy rhizomatous perennial having aromatic feathery leaves and stems bearing open clusters of small buttonlike yellow flowers; sand dunes of Pacific coast of North America

dusty miller, silver-lace, silverlace, Tanacetum ptarmiciflorum, Chrysanthemum ptarmiciflorum

shrubby perennial of the Canary Islands having white flowers and leaves and hairy stems covered with dust-like down; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum

tansy, golden buttons, scented fern, Tanacetum vulgare

common perennial aromatic herb native to Eurasia having buttonlike yellow flower heads and bitter-tasting pinnate leaves sometimes used medicinally

Taraxacum, genus Taraxacum

an asterid dicot genus of the family Compositae including dandelions

Russian dandelion, kok-saghyz, kok-sagyz, Taraxacum kok-saghyz

perennial dandelion native to Kazakh Republic of Russia cultivated for its fleshy roots which have high rubber content

dandelion, blowball

any of several herbs of the genus Taraxacum having long tap roots and deeply notched leaves and bright yellow flowers followed by fluffy seed balls

common dandelion, Taraxacum ruderalia, Taraxacum officinale

Eurasian plant widely naturalized as a weed in North America; used as salad greens and to make wine

Tetraneuris, genus Tetraneuris

genus of hairy yellow-flowered plants ofwestern United States; includes plants sometimes placed in genus Hymenoxys

stemless hymenoxys, Tetraneuris acaulis, Hymenoxys acaulis

perennial having tufted basal leaves and short leafless stalks each bearing a solitary yellow flower head; dry hillsides and plains of west central North America; sometimes placed in genus Hymenoxys

genus Tithonia

genus of robust herbs of Mexico and Central America: Mexican sunflower

old man of the mountain, alpine sunflower, Tetraneuris grandiflora, Hymenoxys grandiflora

whitish hairy plant with featherlike leaves and a few stout stems each bearing an especially handsome solitary large yellow flower head; mountainous regions north central United States

Mexican sunflower, tithonia

any plant of the genus Tithonia; tall coarse herbs or shrubs of Mexico to Panama having large sunflowerlike flower heads with yellow disc florets and golden-yellow to orange-scarlet rays

Easter daisy, stemless daisy, Townsendia Exscapa

dwarf tufted nearly stemless herb having a rosette of woolly leaves and large white-rayed flower heads and bristly achenes; central Canada and United States west to Arizona

Townsendia, genus Townsendia

genus of western American low tufted herbs: Easter daisy

yellow salsify, Tragopogon dubius

European perennial naturalized throughout United States having hollow stems with a few long narrow tapered leaves and each bearing a solitary pale yellow flower

Tragopogon, genus Tragopogon

genus of Old World herbs with linear entire leaves and yellow or purple flower heads

meadow salsify, goatsbeard, shepherd's clock, Tragopogon pratensis

weedy European annual with yellow flowers; naturalized in United States

salsify, oyster plant, vegetable oyster, Tragopogon porrifolius

Mediterranean biennial herb with long-stemmed heads of purple ray flowers and milky sap and long edible root; naturalized throughout United States

Trilisa, genus Trilisa

genus of herbs of southern United States

wild vanilla, Trilisa odoratissima

perennial of southeastern United States with leaves having the fragrance of vanilla

scentless camomile, scentless false camomile, scentless mayweed, scentless hayweed, corn mayweed, Tripleurospermum inodorum, Matricaria inodorum

ubiquitous European annual weed with white flowers and finely divided leaves naturalized and sometimes cultivated in eastern North America; sometimes included in genus Matricaria

Tripleurospermum, genus Tripleurospermum

small genus comprising plants often included in genus Matricaria

Tussilago, genus Tussilago

genus of low creeping yellow-flowered perennial herbs of north temperate regions: coltsfoots; in some classifications includes species often placed in other genera especially Homogyne and Petasites

turfing daisy, Tripleurospermum oreades tchihatchewii, Matricaria oreades

mat-forming perennial herb of Asia Minor; sometimes included in genus Matricaria

turfing daisy, Tripleurospermum tchihatchewii, Matricaria tchihatchewii

low densely tufted perennial herb of Turkey having small white flowers; used as a ground cover in dry places; sometimes included in genus Matricaria

coltsfoot, Tussilago farfara

perennial herb with large rounded leaves resembling a colt's foot and yellow flowers appearing before the leaves do; native to Europe but now nearly cosmopolitan; used medicinally especially formerly

genus Ursinia

genus of South African herbs and shrubs cultivated as ornamentals

ursinia

any of various plants of the genus Ursinia grown for their yellow- or orange- or white-rayed flowers

Verbesina, genus Verbesina

herbs and shrubs of warm North America to Mexico; includes plants formerly placed in genus Actinomeris

crownbeard, crown beard

any plant of the genus Verbesina having clustered white or yellow flower heads

Actinomeris, genus Actinomeris

used in some classification systems for plants now included in genus Verbesina

wingstem, golden ironweed, yellow ironweed, golden honey plant, Verbesina alternifolia, Actinomeris alternifolia

perennial herb with showy yellow flowers; the eastern United States

genus Wyethia

coarse leafy perennial plants resembling sunflowers found especially in the United States

cowpen daisy, golden crownbeard, golden crown beard, butter daisy, Verbesina encelioides, Ximenesia encelioides

coarse grayish green annual yellow-flowered herb; southwestern United States to Mexico

gravelweed, Verbesina helianthoides

perennial herb with yellow flowers; southern and south central United States

Virginia crownbeard, frostweed, Verbesina virginica

tall perennial herb having clusters of white flowers; the eastern United States

genus Vernonia

genus of New World tropical herbs or shrubs with terminal cymose heads of tubular flowers

ironweed, vernonia

any of various plants of the genus Vernonia of tropical and warm regions of especially North America that take their name from their loose heads of purple to rose flowers that quickly take on a rusty hue

mule's ears, Wyethia amplexicaulis

balsamic-resinous herb with clumps of lanceolate leaves and stout leafy stems ending in large deep yellow flowers on long stalks; northwestern United States

white-rayed mule's ears, Wyethia helianthoides

herb with basal leaves and leafy hairy stems bearing solitary flower heads with white or pale cream rays; northwestern United States

wyethia, Wyethia ovata

low tufted white-woolly yellow-flowered herb of California

cocklebur, cockleburr

any coarse weed of the genus Xanthium having spiny burrs

Xanthium, genus Xanthium

coarse herbs having small heads of greenish flowers followed by burrs with hooked bristles

xeranthemum

any plant of the genus Xeranthemum native to southern Europe having chaffy or silvery flower heads with purplish tubular flowers

genus Xeranthemum

genus of annual densely hairy herbs of Mediterranean to southwestern Asia

zinnia, old maid, old maid flower

any of various plants of the genus Zinnia cultivated for their variously and brightly colored flower heads

immortelle, Xeranthemum annuum

mostly widely cultivated species of everlasting flowers having usually purple flowers; southern Europe to Iran; naturalized elsewhere

genus Zinnia

genus of annual or perennial plants of tropical America having solitary heads of brightly colored flowers

little golden zinnia, Zinnia grandiflora

subshrub having short leafy stems and numerous small flower heads with nearly round yellow-orange rays; Arizona south to Mexico and east to Kansas

white zinnia, Zinnia acerosa

subshrub with slender woolly stems and long narrow leaves and flower heads with white rays; southern United States and northern Mexico

Loasaceae, family Loasaceae, loasa family

family of bristly hairy sometimes climbing plants; America and Africa and southern Arabia

loasa

any of various perennial South American plants of the genus Loasa having stinging hairs and showy white or yellow or reddish-orange flowers

genus Loasa

genus of tropical American prickly herbs or subshrubs

blazing star, Mentzelia livicaulis, Mentzelia laevicaulis

biennial of southwestern United States having lustrous-white stems and toothed leaves grown for its large pale yellow flowers that open in early morning

Mentzelia, genus Mentzelia

genus of bristly herbs or subshrubs of western America lacking stinging hairs

bartonia, Mentzelia lindleyi

annual grown especially for its fragrant golden nocturnal flowers

genus Campanula

large genus of herbs grown for their blossoms: bellflowers

Campanulaceae, family Campanulaceae, bellflower family

in some classifications includes Lobeliaciae

harebell, bluebell, Campanula rotundifolia

perennial of northern hemisphere with slender stems and bell-shaped blue flowers

campanula, bellflower

any of various plants of the genus Campanula having blue or white bell-shaped flowers

Canterbury bell, cup and saucer, Campanula medium

European biennial widely cultivated for its blue or violet or white flowers

creeping bellflower, Campanula rapunculoides

erect European herb with creeping rootstocks and nodding spikelike racemes of blue to violet flowers

southern harebell, Campanula divaricata

bellflower of southeastern United States (Maryland to Georgia) having pale blue flowers

tall bellflower, Campanula americana

annual or perennial of eastern North America with long spikes of blue or white flowers

marsh bellflower, Campanula aparinoides

bellflower common in marshes of eastern North America having lanceolate linear leaves and small whitish flowers

clustered bellflower, Campanula glomerata

bellflower of Europe to temperate Asia having dense spikes of violet-blue to white flowers

rampion, rampion bellflower, Campanula rapunculus

bellflower of Europe and Asia and North Africa having bluish flowers and an edible tuberous root used with the leaves in salad

peach bells, peach bell, willow bell, Campanula persicifolia

perennial European bellflower with racemose white or blue flowers

chimney plant, chimney bellflower, Campanula pyramidalis

bellflower of southeastern Europe

throatwort, nettle-leaved bellflower, Campanula trachelium

European bellflower with blue-purple to lilac flowers formerly used to treat sore throat

Orchidales, order Orchidales

order of plants with irregular flowers having minute seeds: Orchidaceae; Burmanniaceae

tussock bellflower, spreading bellflower, Campanula carpatica

European perennial bellflower that grows in clumps with spreading stems and blue or white flowers

Orchidaceae, family Orchidaceae, orchid family

enormous cosmopolitan family of perennial terrestrial or epiphytic plants with fleshy tubers or rootstocks and unusual flowers

genus Orchis

type genus of the orchid family; hardy terrestrial orchids of the temperate the northern hemisphere

orchid, orchidaceous plant

any of numerous plants of the orchid family usually having flowers of unusual shapes and beautiful colors

orchis

any of various deciduous terrestrial orchids having fleshy tubers and flowers in erect terminal racemes

male orchis, early purple orchid, Orchis mascula

Eurasian orchid with showy pink or purple flowers in a loose spike

showy orchis, purple orchis, purple-hooded orchis, Orchis spectabilis

North American orchid having a spike of violet-purple flowers mixed with white; sepals and petals form a hood

butterfly orchid, butterfly orchis, Orchis papilionaceae

Mediterranean orchid having usually purple flowers with a fan-shaped spotted or striped rose-red lip

genus Aerides

epiphytic orchids of tropical Asia having stiff 2-ranked leaves and fragrant white flowers in arching racemes

genus Angrecum, Angraecum, genus Angraecum

genus of tropical Old World epiphytic orchids with showy flowers sometimes grotesque

aerides

any orchid of the genus Aerides

angrecum

any of various spectacular orchids of the genus Angraecum having 2-ranked dark green leathery leaves and usually nocturnally scented white or ivory flowers

jewel orchid

any of several delicate Asiatic orchids grown especially for their velvety leaves with metallic white or gold veining

Anoectochilus, genus Anoectochilus

genus of delicate Asiatic orchids

Aplectrum, genus Aplectrum

a monocotyledonous genus of the family Orchicaceae

genus Arethusa

genus of bog orchids of North America and Japan

puttyroot, adam-and-eve, Aplectrum hyemale

North American orchid bearing a single leaf and yellowish-brown flowers

arethusa

any of several bog orchids of the genus Arethusa having 1 or 2 showy flowers

bog rose, wild pink, dragon's mouth, Arethusa bulbosa

a bog orchid with usually a solitary fragrant magenta pink blossom with a wide-gaping corolla; Canada

genus Bletia

genus of tropical American terrestrial orchids with large purple or pink flowers

Bletilla striata, Bletia striata

Japanese orchid with white-striped leaves and slender erect racemes of rose to magenta flowers; often cultivated; sometimes placed in genus Bletia

bletia

any of various orchids of the genus Bletia having pseudo-bulbs and erect leafless racemes of large purple or pink flowers

Bletilla, genus Bletilla

small genus of chiefly east Asiatic hardy terrestrial orchids similar to genus Bletia

genus Brassavola

genus of tropical American epiphytic or lithophytic rhizomatous orchids

brassavola

any of various tropical American orchids with usually solitary fleshy leaves and showy white to green nocturnally fragrant blossoms solitary or in racemes of up to 7

Brassia, genus Brassia

genus of tropical American epiphytic orchids having striking axillary racemes of yellow to green spiderlike flowers with long slender sepals and warty lips: spider orchids

spider orchid, Brassia lawrenceana

South American orchid with spiderlike pale-yellow to pale-green flowers

spider orchid, Brassia verrucosa

Central American orchid having spiderlike flowers with prominent green warts

zebra orchid, Caladenia cairnsiana

orchid with red-tinged linear leaves and panicle of purple-marked pale-yellow flowers with deep red or purple lip; southwestern Australia

genus Caladenia

terrestrial orchids of Australia to New Caledonia

caladenia

any of various orchids of the genus Caladenia

genus Calanthe

large and widely distributed genus of terrestrial orchids

Calopogon, genus Calopogon

terrestrial orchids of North America

calanthe

any of various showy orchids of the genus Calanthe having white or yellow or rose-colored flowers and broad leaves folded lengthwise

calypso, fairy-slipper, Calypso bulbosa

rare north temperate bog orchid bearing a solitary white to pink flower marked with purple at the tip of an erect reddish stalk above 1 basal leaf

grass pink, Calopogon pulchellum, Calopogon tuberosum

an orchid

genus Calypso

1 species found throughout much of northern North America and Eurasia

Catasetum, genus Catasetum

genus of tropical American orchids having showy male and female flowers usually on separate inflorescences

jumping orchid, Catasetum macrocarpum

orchid having both male and female flowers in the same raceme; when a sensitive projection at the base of the column of the male flower is touched the pollen is suddenly ejected

genus Cattleya

large and highly valued genus of beautiful tropical American epiphytic or lithophytic orchids; the typical orchids; known in many varieties

red helleborine, Cephalanthera rubra

orchid of Mediterranean and Asia having a lax spike of bright rose-pink flowers

cattleya

any orchid of the genus Cattleya characterized by a hood-shaped three-lobed lip enclosing the column; among the most popular and most extravagantly beautiful orchids known

Cephalanthera, genus Cephalanthera

small genus of temperate Old World terrestrial orchids

helleborine

any of several orchids of the genus Cephalanthera

Cleistes, genus Cleistes

terrestrial orchids of North and South America having slender fibrous roots; allied to genus Pogonia

spreading pogonia, funnel-crest rosebud orchid, Cleistes divaricata, Pogonia divaricata

orchid of northeastern United States with magenta-pink flowers having funnel-shaped lip; sometimes placed in genus Pogonia

rosebud orchid, Cleistes rosea, Pogonia rosea

orchid of central and northern South America having 1- to 3-blossomed racemes of large showy rose-colored flowers; sometimes placed in genus Pogonia

frog orchid, Coeloglossum viride

orchid having hooded long-bracted green to yellow-green flowers suffused with purple

Coeloglossum, genus Coeloglossum

terrestrial orchids of cooler parts of North America and Europe: satyr orchid

satyr orchid, Coeloglossum bracteatum

orchid with broad ovate leaves and long-bracted green very irregular flowers

genus Coelogyne

large diverse genus of tropical Asiatic epiphytic orchids

Corallorhiza, genus Corallorhiza

genus of leafless root-parasitic orchids having small purplish or yellowish racemose flowers with lobed lips; widely distributed in temperate regions

coelogyne

any of various orchids of the genus Coelogyne with: clusters of fragrant lacy snow-white flowers; sinister salmon-pink solitary flowers; chainlike racemes of topaz and chocolate brown flowers; spikes of delicate white spice-scented flowers; emerald green flowers marked with blue-black

coral root

a wildflower of the genus Corallorhiza growing from a hard mass of rhizomes associated with a fungus that aids in absorbing nutrients from the forest floor

striped coral root, Corallorhiza striata

nearly leafless wildflower with erect reddish-purple stems bearing racemes of pale pinkish and brownish-striped flowers; western Canada to Mexico

spotted coral root, Corallorhiza maculata

common coral root having yellowish- or reddish- or purplish-brown leafless stems bearing loose racemes of similarly colored flowers with white purple-spotted lips; Guatemala to Canada

Coryanthes, genus Coryanthes

small genus of tropical American epiphytic or lithophytic orchids

early coral root, pale coral root, Corallorhiza trifida

plant having clumps of nearly leafless pale yellowish to greenish stems bearing similarly colored flowers with white lower lips; northern New Mexico north through South Dakota and Washington to Alaska

Cycnoches, genus Cycnoches

genus of epiphytic or terrestrial tropical American orchids

helmetflower, helmet orchid

any of several orchids of the genus Coryanthes having racemes of a few musky-scented waxy flowers with a helmet-shaped lip process

genus Cymbidium

genus of tropical epiphytic or terrestrial Old World orchids; one of the most popular orchid genera

swan orchid, swanflower, swanneck

any of several orchids of the genus Cycnoches having slender arching columns of flowers suggesting the neck of a swan

cypripedia

a plant or flower of the genus Cypripedium

cymbid, cymbidium

any of various plants of the genus Cymbidium having narrow leaves and a long drooping cluster of numerous showy and variously colored boat-shaped flowers; extensively hybridized and cultivated as houseplants and important florists' flowers

Cypripedium, genus Cypripedium

genus of chiefly American perennial leafy-stemmed orchids: lady's slippers; sometimes includes species of genus Paphiopedilum

moccasin flower, nerveroot, Cypripedium acaule

once common rose pink woodland orchid of eastern North America

lady's slipper, lady-slipper, ladies' slipper, slipper orchid

any of several chiefly American wildflowers having an inflated pouchlike lip; difficult or impossible to cultivate in the garden

common lady's-slipper, showy lady's-slipper, showy lady slipper, Cypripedium reginae, Cypripedium album

pale pink wild orchid of northeastern America having an inflated pouchlike lip

ram's-head, ram's-head lady's slipper, Cypripedium arietinum

orchid of northern North America having a brownish-green flower and red-and-white lip suggestive of a ram's head

yellow lady's slipper, yellow lady-slipper, Cypripedium calceolus, Cypripedium parviflorum

maroon to purple-brown orchid with yellow lip; Europe, North America and Japan

large yellow lady's slipper, Cypripedium calceolus pubescens

plant of eastern and central North America having slightly fragrant purple-marked greenish-yellow flowers

Dactylorhiza, genus Dactylorhiza

genus of terrestrial orchids of Europe and Asia and North Africa

California lady's slipper, Cypripedium californicum

often having many yellow-green orchids with white pouches growing along streams and seeps of southwestern Oregon and northern California

clustered lady's slipper, Cypripedium fasciculatum

clusters of several short stems each having 2 broad leaves and 2-4 drooping brownish to greenish flowers with pouches mottled with purple; British Columbia to central California and northern Colorado

mountain lady's slipper, Cypripedium montanum

leafy plant having a few stems in a clump with 1 white and dull purple flower in each upper leaf axil; Alaska to northern California and Wyoming

common spotted orchid, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Dactylorhiza maculata fuchsii

European orchid having lanceolate leaves spotted purple and pink to white or mauve flowers spotted or lined deep red or purple

marsh orchid

any of several orchids of the genus Dactylorhiza having fingerlike tuberous roots; Europe and Mediterranean region

genus Dendrobium

large genus and variable genus of chiefly epiphytic or lithophytic orchids of tropical and subtropical Asia and Australasia

dendrobium

a plant of the genus Dendrobium having stems like cane and usually showy racemose flowers

disa

any orchid of the genus Disa; beautiful orchids with dark green leaves and usually hooded flowers; much prized as emblematic flowers in their native regions

genus Disa

genus of showy tropical African terrestrial orchids

Dracula, genus Dracula

comprises tropical American species usually placed in genus Masdevallia: diminutive plants having bizarre and often sinister-looking flowers with pendulous scapes and motile lips

Dryadella, genus Dryadella

comprises tropical American species usually placed in genus Masdevallia: very dwarf plants having short tufted and usually unifoliate stems with usually solitary flowers

Eburophyton, genus Eburophyton

a monocotyledonous genus of the family Orchidaceae

Encyclia, genus Encyclia

large genus of epiphytic and lithophytic orchids of tropical and subtropical Americas and West Indies; formerly included in genus Epidendrum

phantom orchid, snow orchid, Eburophyton austinae

waxy white nearly leafless plant with stems in clusters and racemes of white flowers; northwestern United States to northern California and east to Idaho

tulip orchid, Encyclia citrina, Cattleya citrina

Mexican epiphytic orchid with glaucous gray-green leaves and lemon- to golden-yellow flowers appearing only partially opened; sometimes placed in genus Cattleya

butterfly orchid, Encyclia tampensis, Epidendrum tampense

orchid of Florida and the Bahamas having showy brightly colored flowers; sometimes placed in genus Epidendrum

butterfly orchid, butterfly orchis, Epidendrum venosum, Encyclia venosa

Mexican epiphytic orchid having pale green or yellow-green flowers with white purple-veined lip

Epidendrum, genus Epidendrum

large and variable genus of terrestrial or epiphytic or lithophytic orchids of tropical and subtropical Americas; some native to United States

Epipactis, genus Epipactis

genus of hardy orchids with leafy-bracted racemes of greenish or purplish irregular flowers

epidendron

any of various orchids of the genus Epidendrum

Epipactis helleborine

European orchid with spikes of green and pinkish or purplish flowers

helleborine

any of various orchids of the genus Epipactis

stream orchid, chatterbox, giant helleborine, Epipactis gigantea

orchid growing along streams or ponds of western North America having leafy stems and 1 greenish-brown and pinkish flower in the axil of each upper leaf

tongueflower

orchid having blue to purple flowers with tongue- or strap-shaped protuberances (calli) at the lip base

Glossodia, genus Glossodia

small genus of Australian orchids

Goodyera, genus Goodyera

genus of small orchids of the northern hemisphere with creeping rhizomes and stalked ovate leaves and small flowers

short-spurred fragrant orchid, Gymnadenia odoratissima

similar to Gymnadenia conopsea but with smaller flowers on shorter stems and having much shorter spurs

rattlesnake plantain, helleborine

any of several small temperate and tropical orchids having mottled or striped leaves and spikes of small yellowish-white flowers in a twisted raceme

Grammatophyllum, genus Grammatophyllum

small genus of large epiphytic or terrestrial orchids of southeastern Asia to Polynesia; the giants of the Orchidaceae having long narrow leaves and drooping flower clusters often 6 feet long

Gymnadenia, genus Gymnadenia

small genus of terrestrial orchids of North America and temperate Eurasia

fragrant orchid, Gymnadenia conopsea

European orchid having dense spikes of fragrant pink or lilac or red flowers with conspicuous spurs

Gymnadeniopsis, genus Gymnadeniopsis

genus of North American terrestrial orchids usually included in genus Habenaria

Habenaria, genus Habenaria

chiefly terrestrial orchids with tubers or fleshy roots often having long slender spurs and petals and lip lobes; includes species formerly placed in genus Gymnadeniopsis

fringed orchis, fringed orchid

any of several summer-flowering American orchids distinguished by a fringed or lacerated lip

elegant Habenaria, Habenaria elegans

slender inland rein orchid similar to coastal rein orchid but with pale greenish-yellow flowers

frog orchid

any of several green orchids of the genus Habenaria

rein orchid, rein orchis

any of several American wildflowers with a kidney-shaped lip

bog rein orchid, bog candles, Habenaria dilatata

orchid with spikes of many fragrant white flowers on erect leafy stems; of wet or boggy ground through most of the West and northern North America

white fringed orchis, white fringed orchid, Habenaria albiflora

bog orchid of eastern North America with a spike of pure white fringed flowers

purple-fringed orchid, purple-fringed orchis, Habenaria fimbriata

North American orchid similar to Habenaria psycodes with larger paler flowers

coastal rein orchid, Habenaria greenei

stout orchid of central California to northern Washington having racemes of white fragrant bilaterally symmetrical flowers

Hooker's orchid, Habenaria hookeri

a long-spurred orchid with base leaves and petals converging under the upper sepal

prairie orchid, prairie white-fringed orchis, Habenaria leucophaea

orchid of boggy or wet lands of north central United States having racemes of very fragrant creamy or greenish white flowers

ragged orchid, ragged orchis, ragged-fringed orchid, green fringed orchis, Habenaria lacera

fringed orchid of the eastern United States having a greenish flower with the lip deeply lacerate

snowy orchid, Habenaria nivea

slender fringed orchid of eastern North America having white flowers

purple fringeless orchid, purple fringeless orchis, Habenaria peramoena

orchid of northeastern and alpine eastern North America closely related to the purple fringed orchids but having rosy-purple or violet flowers with denticulate leaf divisions

round-leaved rein orchid, Habenaria orbiculata

orchid having a raceme of large greenish-white flowers on a single flower stalk growing between two elliptic or round basal leaves lying on the ground; from northern Oregon and Montana across Canada to the eastern United States

Alaska rein orchid, Habenaria unalascensis

similar to coastal rein orchid but with smaller flowers; Alaska to Baja California and east to the Dakotas and Colorado

purple-fringed orchid, purple-fringed orchis, Habenaria psycodes

North American orchid with clusters of fragrant purple fringed flowers

Hexalectris, genus Hexalectris

a monocotyledonous genus of the family Orchidaceae

Himantoglossum, genus Himantoglossum

small genus of terrestrial orchids of Europe and Mediterranean region

crested coral root, Hexalectris spicata

orchid with yellowish-brown flowers with dark veins; southeastern Arizona to the eastern United States

Texas purple spike, Hexalectris warnockii

orchid with slender nearly leafless reddish-brown stems with loose racemes of reddish-brown flowers; of open brushy woods of southeastern Arizona and central Texas

lizard orchid, Himantoglossum hircinum

an orchid of the genus Himantoglossum

laelia

any of various spectacular plants of the genus Laelia having showy flowers in many colors

genus Laelia

large genus of mostly epiphytic or lithophytic Central and South American orchids of various sizes

liparis

an orchid of the genus Liparis having few leaves and usually fairly small yellow-green or dull purple flowers in terminal racemes

genus Liparis

genus of terrestrial and epiphytic orchids; pantropical to temperate

twayblade

an orchid of the genus Liparis having a pair of leaves

Listera, genus Listera

genus of terrestrial orchids having usually a single pair of broad shining leaves at midstem; temperate Asia and North America and Europe

fen orchid, fen orchis, Liparis loeselii

small terrestrial orchid of eastern North America and Europe having two nearly basal leaves and dull yellow-green racemose flowers

twayblade, Listera ovata

orchid having a pair of ovate leaves and a long slender raceme of green flowers sometimes tinged red-brown; Europe to central Asia

broad-leaved twayblade, Listera convallarioides

small orchid with two elliptic leaves and a slender raceme of small green flowers; western North America

lesser twayblade, Listera cordata

orchid having two triangular leaves and a short lax raceme of green to rust-colored flowers with the lip flushed mauve; Europe and Asia and North America and Greenland

Malaxis, genus Malaxis

large genus of largely terrestrial orchids with one or a few plicate leaves and slender spikes or tiny mostly green flowers; cosmopolitan

green adder's mouth, Malaxis-unifolia, Malaxis ophioglossoides

North American orchid having a solitary leaf and flowers with threadlike petals

genus Masdevallia

large genus of tropical American mostly epiphytic orchids whose flowers have sepals fused at the base forming a tube; includes orchids sometimes placed in genera Dracula and Dryadella and Scaphosepalum

masdevallia

any of numerous orchids of the genus Masdevallia; tufted evergreen often diminutive plants whose flowers in a remarkable range of colors are usually tricornlike with sepals fused at the base to form a tube

genus Maxillaria

large genus of tropical American epiphytic orchids with persistent leathery leaves and single-flowered scapes

maxillaria

any of numerous orchids of the genus Maxillaria often cultivated for their large brilliantly colored solitary flowers

genus Odontoglossum

large and important genus of tropical American mostly epiphytic orchids; some of the most widely grown species are often placed in other genera

Miltonia, genus Miltonia

genus of tropical American orchids

pansy orchid

any of various orchids of the genus Miltonia having solitary or loosely racemose showy broadly spreading flowers

Ophrys, genus Ophrys

a hardy genus of terrestrial orchids of Europe and northern Africa and western Asia

odontoglossum

any of numerous and diverse orchids of the genus Odontoglossum having racemes of few to many showy usually large flowers in many colors

genus Oncidium

large genus of showy epiphytic or lithophytic or terrestrial orchids of tropical and subtropical America

oncidium, dancing lady orchid, butterfly plant, butterfly orchid

any orchid of the genus Oncidium: characterized by slender branching sprays of small yellow and brown flowers; often grown as houseplants

bee orchid, Ophrys apifera

European orchid whose flowers resemble bumble bees in shape and color

fly orchid, Ophrys insectifera, Ophrys muscifera

European orchid whose flowers resemble flies

spider orchid

any of several European orchids of the genus Ophrys

early spider orchid, Ophrys sphegodes

spring-blooming spider orchid having a flower with yellow or green or pink sepals and a broad brown velvety lip

Paphiopedilum, genus Paphiopedilum

horticulturally important genus of mainly terrestrial orchids including many hybrids; southeastern Asia and Indonesia to Philippines and Solomon Islands; Paphiopedilum species sometimes included in genus Cypripedium

phaius

an orchid of the genus Phaius having large plicate leaves and racemes of showy flowers

Venus' slipper, Venus's slipper, Venus's shoe

any of various orchids of the genus Paphiopedilum having slender flower stalks bearing 1 to several waxy flowers with pouchlike lips

genus Phaius

genus of Asiatic ans Australian terrestrial orchids

Phalaenopsis, genus Phalaenopsis

genus of ornamental epiphytic orchids of Asia and Australia

butterfly plant, Phalaenopsis amabilis

orchid having large elliptic to obovate fleshy leaves and fragrant pink-and-white flowers dotted with red

moth orchid, moth plant

any of various orchids of the genus Phalaenopsis having often drooping glossy broad obovate or oval leaves usually dark green flushed purple or mottled gray and silver

Pholidota, genus Pholidota

genus of mostly epiphytic orchids of Indomalaya and western Pacific

Phragmipedium, genus Phragmipedium

genus of tropical American orchid species often included in genus Cypripedium or Paphiopedilum and Selenipedium: lady_slippers

rattlesnake orchid

any of various orchids of the genus Pholidota having numerous white to brown flowers in wandlike spiraling racemes clothed in slightly inflated bracts and resembling a rattlesnake's tail

lesser butterfly orchid, Platanthera bifolia, Habenaria bifolia

south European orchid having fragrant greenish-white flowers; sometimes placed in genus Habenaria

Platanthera, genus Platanthera

herbaceous terrestrial orchids of temperate northern and southern hemispheres

greater butterfly orchid, Platanthera chlorantha, Habenaria chlorantha

south European orchid with dark green flowers that are larger and less fragrant than Platanthera bifolia; sometimes placed in genus Habenaria

prairie white-fringed orchid, Platanthera leucophea

of central North America; a threatened species

genus Pleurothallis

large genus of epiphytic or lithophytic orchids of tropical America

Plectorrhiza, genus Plectorrhiza

small genus of Australian orchids

tangle orchid

an orchid of the genus Plectorrhiza having tangled roots and long wiry stems bearing lax racemes of small fragrant green flowers

Pleione, genus Pleione

small genus of dwarf orchids; India to Thailand and Taiwan

Indian crocus

any of several dwarf orchids of the genus Pleione bearing 1 or 2 solitary slender-stalked white or pink to magenta or occasionally yellow flowers

genus Pogonia

small but widely distributed genus of orchids closely related to genus Cleistes;: of damp or boggy areas of north temperate zone

pleurothallis

any of numerous small tufted orchids of the genus Pleurothallis having leathery to fleshy leaves and racemes of 1 to many small flowers

pogonia

any hardy bog orchid of the genus Pogonia: terrestrial orchids having slender rootstocks and erect stems bearing one or a few leaves and a solitary terminal flower

Psychopsis, genus Psychopsis

epiphytic orchids of Central and South America formerly included in genus Oncidium

Pterostylis, genus Pterostylis

genus of terrestrial orchids of Australia and New Zealand and western Pacific

butterfly orchid

any orchid of the genus Psychopsis: spectacular large tiger-striped orchids

Psychopsis krameriana, Oncidium papilio kramerianum

orchid of South and Central America having flowers similar to but smaller than Psychopsis papilio; sometimes placed in genus Oncidium

Psychopsis papilio, Oncidium papilio

orchid of South America and Trinidad having large yellow and reddish-brown flowers; sometimes placed in genus Oncidium

helmet orchid, greenhood

any of numerous orchids of the genus Pterostylis having leaves in a basal rosette and green flowers often striped purple or brown or red with the dorsal sepal incurved to form a hood

Rhyncostylis, genus Rhyncostylis

genus of epiphytic orchids of tropical Asia

Sarcochilus, genus Sarcochilus

diminutive epiphytic or lithophytic orchids with clumped short-stemmed foliage and arching racemes of colorful flowers; Australia and Polynesia to southeastern Asia

foxtail orchid

any of various orchids of the genus Rhyncostylis having pink- to purple-marked white flowers in a dense cylindrical raceme

orange-blossom orchid, Sarcochilus falcatus

diminutive Australian orchid with loose racemes of fragrant white flowers with purple and orange markings on the lip

Scaphosepalum, genus Scaphosepalum

comprises some tropical American species usually placed in genus Masdevallia: diminutive plants with small flowers carried on one scape

Schomburgkia, genus Schomburgkia

genus of tropical American epiphytic orchids with showy racemose flowers

Selenipedium, genus Selenipedium

genus of tall reedlike tropical American orchids; includes species with pods used locally as a substitute for vanilla

Spiranthes, genus Spiranthes

large cosmopolitan genus of white-flowered terrestrial orchids

genus Sobralia

genus of tropical American orchids

sobralia

any of various showy orchids of the genus Sobralia having leafy stems and bright-colored solitary or racemose flowers similar to those of genus Cattleya

ladies' tresses, lady's tresses

an orchid of the genus Spiranthes having slender often twisted spikes of white flowers

screw augur, Spiranthes cernua

an orchid of the genus Spiranthes having tall erect densely flowered spiraling clusters of creamy white vanilla-scented flowers; widely distributed especially in low damp places of eastern and central North America

hooded ladies' tresses, Spiranthes romanzoffiana

orchid having dense clusters of gently spiraling creamy white flowers with 2 upper petals forming a hood; western North America

western ladies' tresses, Spiranthes porrifolia

similar to Spiranthes romanzoffiana;States

European ladies' tresses, Spiranthes spiralis

European orchid having shorter racemes of strongly spiraling snow-white flowers

genus Stanhopea

genus of tropical American epiphytic orchids

genus Stelis

genus of small caespitose orchids of tropical America

stanhopea

any of various orchids of the genus Stanhopea having a single large leaf and loose racemes of large fragrant flowers of various colors; Mexico to Brazil

stelis

any of various small tropical American orchids of the genus Stelis having long slender racemes of numerous small to minute flowers

fly orchid

any of several dwarf creeping orchids with small bizarre insectlike hairy flowers on slender stalks

Trichoceros, genus Trichoceros

small genus of small epiphytic or terrestrial orchids of tropical South America

vanda

any of numerous showy orchids of the genus Vanda having many large flowers in loose racemes

genus Vanda

genus of showy epiphytic orchids of Himalaya to Malaysia

blue orchid, Vanda coerulea

famous orchid of northern India having large pale to deep lilac-blue flowers

genus Vanilla

large genus of tropical climbing orchids; Old and New Worlds

vanilla

any of numerous climbing plants of the genus Vanilla having fleshy leaves and clusters of large waxy highly fragrant white or green or topaz flowers

vanilla orchid, Vanilla planifolia

climbing non-ornamental orchid bearing a podlike fruit yielding vanilla beans; widely cultivated from Florida southward throughout tropical America

Burmannia, genus Burmannia

type genus of the Burmanniaceae; slender herbs of warm regions with leaves resembling scales and flowers with a 3-angled or 3-winged perianth

Burmanniaceae, family Burmanniaceae

family of chiefly tropical herbs with basal leaves like bracts and small flowers

yam, yam plant

any of a number of tropical vines of the genus Dioscorea many having edible tuberous roots

Dioscoreaceae, family Dioscoreaceae, yam family

yams

Dioscorea, genus Dioscorea

yams

white yam, water yam, Dioscorea alata

grown in Australasia and Polynesia for its large root with fine edible white flesh

cinnamon vine, Chinese yam, Dioscorea batata

hardy Chinese vine naturalized in United States and cultivated as an ornamental climber for its glossy heart-shaped cinnamon-scented leaves and in the tropics for its edible tubers

air potato, Dioscorea bulbifera

yam of tropical Africa and Asia cultivated for it large tubers

elephant's-foot, tortoise plant, Hottentot bread vine, Hottentot's bread vine, Dioscorea elephantipes

South African vine having a massive rootstock covered with deeply fissured bark

wild yam, Dioscorea paniculata

having a rhizome formerly dried and used to treat rheumatism or liver disorders

black bryony, black bindweed, Tamus communis

common European twining vine with tuberous roots and cordate leaves and red berries

cush-cush, Dioscorea trifida

tropical American yam with small yellow-skinned edible tubers

Tamus, genus Tamus

a genus of tuberous-rooted vines of the family Dioscoreaceae; has twining stems and heart-shaped leaves and axillary racemes

Primulales, order Primulales

Primulaceae; Theophrastaceae; Myrsinaceae; and (in some classifications) Plumbaginaceae

Primulaceae, family Primulaceae, primrose family

a dicotyledonous family of the order Primulales with a regular flower; widely distributed in the northern hemisphere

cowslip, paigle, Primula veris

early spring flower common in British isles having fragrant yellow or sometimes purple flowers

genus Primula

very large and important genus of plants of temperate Europe and Asia having showy flowers

primrose, primula

any of numerous short-stemmed plants of the genus Primula having tufted basal leaves and showy flowers clustered in umbels or heads

English primrose, Primula vulgaris

plant of western and southern Europe widely cultivated for its pale yellow flowers

oxlip, paigle, Primula elatior

Eurasian primrose with yellow flowers clustered in a one-sided umbel

auricula, bear's ear, Primula auricula

yellow-flowered primrose native to Alps; commonly cultivated

Chinese primrose, Primula sinensis

cultivated Asiatic primrose

polyanthus, Primula polyantha

florists' primroses; considered a complex hybrid derived from oxlip, cowslip, and common primrose

scarlet pimpernel, red pimpernel, poor man's weatherglass, Anagallis arvensis

herb with scarlet or white or purple blossoms that close at approach of rainy weather

Anagallis, genus Anagallis

chiefly Old World herbs

pimpernel

any of several plants of the genus Anagallis

Centunculus, genus Centunculus

a dicotyledonous genus of the family Primulaceae

bog pimpernel, Anagallis tenella

small creeping European herb having delicate pink flowers

chaffweed, bastard pimpernel, false pimpernel

weedy plant having short dry chafflike leaves

genus Cyclamen

genus of widely cultivated flowering Eurasian herbs with centrally depressed rounded tubers and rounded heart-shaped leaves

cyclamen, Cyclamen purpurascens

Mediterranean plant widely cultivated as a houseplant for its showy dark green leaves splotched with silver and nodding white or pink to reddish flowers with reflexed petals

sowbread, Cyclamen hederifolium, Cyclamen neopolitanum

common wild European cyclamen with pink flowers

sea milkwort, sea trifoly, black saltwort, Glaux maritima

a small fleshy herb common along North American seashores and in brackish marshes having pink or white flowers

Glaux, genus Glaux

sea milkwort

water violet, Hottonia palustris

featherfoil of Europe and western Asia having submerged and floating leaves and violet flowers

Hottonia, genus Hottonia

aquatic herbs

featherfoil

a plant of the genus Hottonia

water gillyflower, American featherfoil, Hottonia inflata

a featherfoil of the eastern United States with submerged spongy inflated flower stalks and white flowers

Lysimachia, genus Lysimachia

loosestrife: a cosmopolitan genus found in damp or swampy terrain having usually yellow flowers; inclined to be invasive

loosestrife

any of various herbs and subshrubs of the genus Lysimachia

yellow pimpernel, Lysimachia nemorum

trailing European evergreen with yellow flowers

gooseneck loosestrife, Lysimachia clethroides Duby

a variety of the loosestrife herb

yellow loosestrife, garden loosestrife, Lysimachia vulgaris

frequently considered a weed; Europe and Asia

fringed loosestrife, Lysimachia ciliatum

of North America

moneywort, creeping Jenny, creeping Charlie, Lysimachia nummularia

a loosestrife vine

whorled loosestrife, Lysimachia quadrifolia

common North American yellow-flowered plant

swamp candles, Lysimachia terrestris

North American plant with spikes of yellow flowers, found in wet places

Samolus, genus Samolus

genus of herbs usually growing in salt marshes: water pimpernels

Myrsinaceae, family Myrsinaceae, myrsine family

family of Old World tropical trees and shrubs; some in Florida

water pimpernel

a white-flowered aquatic plant of the genus Samolus

brookweed, Samolus valerandii

water pimpernel of Europe to China

brookweed, Samolus parviflorus, Samolus floribundus

American water pimpernel

Myrsine, genus Myrsine

evergreen trees and shrubs having aromatic foliage; Africa; Asia: New Zealand

marlberry, Ardisia escallonoides, Ardisia paniculata

tropical American shrub or small tree with brown wood and dark berries

Ardisia, genus Ardisia

tropical evergreen subshrubs (some climbers) to trees of Asia and Australasia to Americas

coralberry, spiceberry, Ardisia crenata

shrub with coral-red berries; Japan to northern India

Plumbaginaceae, family Plumbaginaceae, leadwort family, sea-lavender family

perennial herbs and shrubs and lianas; cosmopolitan especially in salt-water areas

Plumbaginales, order Plumbaginales

coextensive with the family_Plumbaginaceae; usually included in order Primulales

plumbago

any plumbaginaceous plant of the genus Plumbago

genus Plumbago

shrubs and herbs and woody vines of warm regions: leadwort

thrift

any of numerous sun-loving low-growing evergreens of the genus Armeria having round heads of pink or white flowers

leadwort, Plumbago europaea

plant with lead-blue flowers

Armeria, genus Armeria

shrubby or herbaceous low-growing evergreen perennials

Theophrastaceae, family Theophrastaceae

family of mainly tropical American trees and shrubs similar to those of the Myrsinaceae; often included in the Myrsinaceae

cliff rose, sea pink, Armeria maritima

tufted thrift of seacoasts and mountains of north temperate zone; occasionally grown as a ground cover

Limonium, genus Limonium

sea lavender

sea lavender, marsh rosemary, statice

any of various plants of the genus Limonium of temperate salt marshes having spikes of whit or mauve flowers

Jacquinia, genus Jacquinia

sometimes placed in family Myrsinaceae

bracelet wood, Jacquinia armillaris

small West Indian shrub or tree with hard glossy seeds patterned yellow and brown that are used to make bracelets

barbasco, joewood, Jacquinia keyensis

West Indian shrub or small tree having leathery saponaceous leaves and extremely hard wood

gramineous plant, graminaceous plant

cosmopolitan herbaceous or woody plants with hollow jointed stems and narrow long-bladed leaves

Graminales, order Graminales

grasses; sedges; rushes

Gramineae, family Gramineae, Graminaceae, family Graminaceae, Poaceae, family Poaceae, grass family

the grasses: chiefly herbaceous but some woody plants including cereals; bamboo; reeds; sugar cane

grass

narrow-leaved green herbage: grown as lawns; used as pasture for grazing animals; cut and dried as hay

bunchgrass, bunch grass

any of various grasses of many genera that grow in tufts or clumps rather than forming a sod or mat; chiefly of western United States

midgrass

any of various grasses of moderate height which covered the undisturbed prairie in the United States; includes most of the forage grasses of the temperate zone

shortgrass

any of various grasses that are short and can tolerate drought conditions; common on the dry upland plains just east of the Rocky Mountains

sword grass

any of various grasses or sedges having sword-shaped leaves with sharp edges

tallgrass

any of various grasses that are tall and that flourish with abundant moisture

herbage, pasturage

succulent herbaceous vegetation of pasture land

goat grass, Aegilops triuncalis

European grass naturalized as a weed in North America; sharp-pointed seeds cause injury when eaten by livestock

Aegilops, genus Aegilops

goat grass

Agropyron, genus Agropyron

perennial grasses of temperate and cool regions: wheatgrass; dog grass

bearded wheatgrass, Agropyron subsecundum

a wheatgrass with straight terminal awns on the flowering glumes

wheatgrass

a grass of the genus Agropyron

crested wheatgrass, crested wheat grass, fairway crested wheat grass, Agropyron cristatum

Eurasian grass grown in United States great plains area for forage and erosion control

dog grass, couch grass, quackgrass, quack grass, quick grass, witch grass, witchgrass, Agropyron repens

European grass spreading rapidly by creeping rhizomes; naturalized in North America as a weed

western wheatgrass, bluestem wheatgrass, Agropyron smithii

valuable forage grass of western United States

slender wheatgrass, Agropyron trachycaulum, Agropyron pauciflorum, Elymus trachycaulos

North American grass cultivated in western United States as excellent forage crop

intermediate wheatgrass, Agropyron intermedium, Elymus hispidus

Asiatic grass introduced into United States rangelands for pasture and fodder

bent, bent grass, bentgrass

grass for pastures and lawns especially bowling and putting greens

Agrostis, genus Agrostis

annual or perennial grasses cosmopolitan in northern hemisphere: bent grass (so named from `bent' meaning an area of unfenced grassland)

cloud grass, Agrostis nebulosa

Spanish grass with light feathery panicles grown for dried bouquets

velvet bent, velvet bent grass, brown bent, Rhode Island bent, dog bent, Agrostis canina

common grass with slender stems and narrow leaves

creeping bent, creeping bentgrass, Agrostis palustris

common pasture or lawn grass spread by long runners

Alopecurus, genus Alopecurus

annual or perennial grasses including decorative and meadow species as well as notorious agricultural weeds

meadow foxtail, Alopecurus pratensis

stout erect perennial grass of northern parts of Old World having silky flowering spikes; widely cultivated for pasture and hay; naturalized in North America

foxtail, foxtail grass

grasses of the genera Alopecurus and Setaria having dense silky or bristly brushlike flowering spikes

Andropogon, genus Andropogon

tall annual or perennial grasses with spikelike racemes; warm regions

broom sedge, Andropogon virginicus

tall tufted grass of southeastern United States

broom grass

any of several grasses of the genus Andropogon; used in broom making

tall oat grass, tall meadow grass, evergreen grass, false oat, French rye, Arrhenatherum elatius

coarse perennial Eurasian oatlike grass found on roadside verges and rough grassland and in hay meadows; introduced in North America for forage

Arrhenatherum, genus Arrhenatherum

oat grass

Arundo, genus Arundo

any of several coarse tall perennial grasses of most warm areas: reeds

oat

annual grass of Europe and North Africa; grains used as food and fodder (referred to primarily in the plural: `oats')

toetoe, toitoi, Arundo conspicua, Chionochloa conspicua

used by Maoris for thatching

giant reed, Arundo donax

large rhizomatous perennial grasses found by riversides and in ditches having jointed stems and large gray-white feathery panicles

Avena, genus Avena

oats

cereal oat, Avena sativa

widely cultivated in temperate regions for its edible grains

slender wild oat, Avena barbata

oat of southern Europe and southwestern Asia

wild oat, wild oat grass, Avena fatua

common in meadows and pastures

wild red oat, animated oat, Avene sterilis

Mediterranean oat held to be progenitor of modern cultivated oat

Bromus, genus Bromus

a genus of grasses of the family Gramineae

brome, bromegrass

any of various woodland and meadow grasses of the genus Bromus; native to temperate regions

awnless bromegrass, Bromus inermis

drought-resistant perennial with awns lacking or very short and long creeping rhizomes; Europe and temperate Asia

chess, cheat, Bromus secalinus

weedy annual native to Europe but widely distributed as a weed especially in wheat

downy brome, downy bromegrass, downy cheat, downy chess, cheatgrass, drooping brome, Bromus tectorum

annual or winter annual grass with softly hairy leaves of the Mediterranean

field brome, Bromus arvensis

annual grass of Europe and temperate Asia

Japanese brome, Japanese chess, Bromus japonicus

grass of Mediterranean and temperate Asia

grama, grama grass, gramma, gramma grass

pasture grass of plains of South America and western North America

Bouteloua, genus Bouteloua

forage grasses

black grama, Bouteloua eriopoda

especially of western coastal regions of North America

blue grama, Bouteloua gracilis

of western North America

buffalo grass, Buchloe dactyloides

short grass growing on dry plains of central United States (where buffalo roam)

Buchloe, genus Buchloe

buffalo grass

reed grass

any of various tall perennial grasses of the genus Calamagrostis having feathery plumes; natives of marshland fens and wet woodlands of temperate northern hemisphere

Calamagrostis, genus Calamagrostis

reed grass

Australian reed grass, Calamagrostic quadriseta

tall Australian reedlike grass sometimes used for hay

feather reed grass, feathertop, Calamagrostis acutiflora

a variety of reed grass

Cenchrus, genus Cenchrus

a genus of grasses of the family Gramineae that have burs

sandbur, sandspur, field sandbur, Cenchrus tribuloides

grass of the eastern United States and tropical America having spikelets enclosed in prickly burs

burgrass, bur grass

a grass of the genus Cenchrus

Chloris, genus Chloris

tufted or perennial or annual grasses having runners: finger grass; windmill grass

buffel grass, Cenchrus ciliaris, Pennisetum cenchroides

erect tussock-forming perennial bur grass used in especially in South Africa and Australia for pasture and forage

finger grass

any grass of the genus Chloris; occurs in short grassland especially on waste ground or poor soils

Rhodes grass, Chloris gayana

perennial grass of South Africa introduced into United States; cultivated as forage grass in dry regions

windmill grass, creeping windmill grass, star grass, Chloris truncata

perennial Australian grass having numerous long spikes arranged like the vanes of a windmill

Cortaderia, genus Cortaderia

tall ornamental grasses of South America and New Zealand and New Guinea: pampas grass

pampas grass, Cortaderia selloana

tall perennial grass of pampas of South America having silvery plumes and growing in large dense clumps

Cynodon, genus Cynodon

creeping perennial grasses of tropical and southern Africa

plumed tussock, toe toe, toetoe, Cortaderia richardii, Arundo richardii

tall grass of New Zealand grown for plumelike flower heads

Dactylis, genus Dactylis

a monocotyledonous grass of the family Gramineae (has only one species)

Bermuda grass, devil grass, Bahama grass, kweek, doob, scutch grass, star grass, Cynodon dactylon

trailing grass native to Europe now cosmopolitan in warm regions; used for lawns and pastures especially in southern United States and India

giant star grass, Cynodon plectostachyum

perennial grass having stems 3 to 4 feet high; used especially in Africa and India for pasture and hay

orchard grass, cocksfoot, cockspur, Dactylis glomerata

widely grown stout Old World hay and pasture grass

Dactyloctenium, genus Dactyloctenium

a monocotyledonous genus of the family Gramineae

Egyptian grass, crowfoot grass, Dactyloctenium aegypticum

a creeping grass with spikes like fingers

crabgrass, crab grass, finger grass

grasses with creeping stems that root freely; a pest in lawns

Digitaria, genus Digitaria

crab grass; finger grass

large crabgrass, hairy finger grass, Digitaria sanguinalis

a European forage grass grown for hay; a naturalized weed in United States

smooth crabgrass, Digitaria ischaemum

a weed

Echinochloa, genus Echinochloa

annual or perennial succulent grasses of warm regions

Eleusine, genus Eleusine

annual and perennial grasses of savannas and upland grasslands

barnyard grass, barn grass, barn millet, Echinochloa crusgalli

a coarse annual panic grass; a cosmopolitan weed; occasionally used for hay or grazing

Japanese millet, billion-dollar grass, Japanese barnyard millet, sanwa millet, Echinochloa frumentacea

coarse annual grass cultivated in Japan and southeastern Asia for its edible seeds and for forage; important wildlife food in United States

yardgrass, yard grass, wire grass, goose grass, Eleusine indica

coarse annual grass having fingerlike spikes of flowers; native to Old World tropics; a naturalized weed elsewhere

finger millet, ragi, ragee, African millet, coracan, corakan, kurakkan, Eleusine coracana

East Indian cereal grass whose seed yield a somewhat bitter flour, a staple in the Orient

Elymus, genus Elymus

tall tufted perennial grasses (such as lyme grass or wild rye)

lyme grass

a grass of the genus Elymus

wild rye

any of several grasses of the genus Elymus

giant ryegrass, Elymus condensatus, Leymus condensatus

stout perennial grass of western North America

sea lyme grass, European dune grass, Elymus arenarius, Leymus arenaria

a dune grass of the Pacific seacoast used as a sand binder

medusa's head, Elymus caput-medusae

weedy rye grass having long bristling awns

Canada wild rye, Elymus canadensis

North American wild rye

Eragrostis, genus Eragrostis

annual or perennial grasses of tropics and subtropics

teff, teff grass, Eragrostis tef, Eragrostic abyssinica

an African grass economically important as a cereal grass (yielding white flower of good quality) as well as for forage and hay

love grass, bay grass

any of various grasses of the genus_Eragrostis; useful especially for forage and prevention of erosion

weeping love grass, African love grass, Eragrostis curvula

perennial South African grass having densely clumped flimsy stems; introduced into United States especially for erosion control

Erianthus, genus Erianthus

genus of reedlike grasses having spikes crowded in a panicle covered with long silky hairs

plume grass

a reedlike grass of the genus Erianthus having large plumes

fescue, fescue grass, meadow fescue, Festuca elatior

grass with wide flat leaves cultivated in Europe and America for permanent pasture and hay and for lawns

Ravenna grass, wool grass, Erianthus ravennae

grass often cultivated for its long white-ribbed leaves and large plumes resembling those of pampas grass

Festuca, genus Festuca

a genus of tufted perennial grasses of the family Gramineae

sheep fescue, sheep's fescue, Festuca ovina

cultivated for sheep pasturage in upland regions or used as a lawn grass

manna grass, sweet grass

any of several moisture-loving grasses of the genus Glyceria having sweet flavor or odor

silver grass

of Australia and New Zealand

Glyceria, genus Glyceria

manna grass

reed meadow grass, Glyceria grandis

a pasture grass of moist places throughout North America

velvet grass, Yorkshire fog, Holcus lanatus

tall European perennial grass having a velvety stem; naturalized in United States and used for forage

Holcus, genus Holcus

a genus of Old World grasses widely cultivated in America

creeping soft grass, Holcus mollis

European perennial grass with soft velvety foliage

Hordeum, genus Hordeum

annual to perennial grasses of temperate northern hemisphere and South America: barley

squirreltail barley, foxtail barley, squirreltail grass, Hordeum jubatum

barley grown for its highly ornamental flower heads with delicate long silky awns; North America and northeastern Asia

barley

cultivated since prehistoric times; grown for forage and grain

common barley, Hordeum vulgare

grass yielding grain used for for breakfast food, animal feed and in malt beverages

barleycorn

a grain of barley

barley grass, wall barley, Hordeum murinum

European annual grass often found as a weed in waste ground especially along roadsides and hedgerows

little barley, Hordeum pusillum

annual barley native to western North America and widespread in southern United States and tropical America

perennial ryegrass, English ryegrass, Lolium perenne

European perennial grass widely cultivated for pasture and hay and as a lawn grass

Leymus, genus Leymus

genus that in some classifications overlaps the genus Elymus

Lolium, genus Lolium

darnel; ryegrass

rye grass, ryegrass

any of several annual or perennial Eurasian grasses

Italian ryegrass, Italian rye, Lolium multiflorum

European grass much used for hay and in United States also for turf and green manure

Muhlenbergia, genus Muhlenbergia

a genus of grasses of the family Gramineae grown in America and Asia

darnel, tare, bearded darnel, cheat, Lolium temulentum

weedy annual grass often occurs in grainfields and other cultivated land; seeds sometimes considered poisonous

rice

annual or perennial rhizomatous marsh grasses; seed used for food; straw used for paper

nimblewill, nimble Will, Muhlenbergia schreberi

slender branching American grass of some value for grazing in central United States

Oryza, genus Oryza

rice

cultivated rice, Oryza sativa

yields the staple food of 50 percent of world's population

panic grass

any grass of the genus Panicum; grown for grain and fodder

Oryzopsis, genus Oryzopsis

rice grass

ricegrass, rice grass

any grass of the genus Oryzopsis

mountain rice, silkgrass, silk grass, Indian millet, Oryzopsis hymenoides

valuable forage grass of dry upland areas and plains of western North America to northern Mexico

smilo, smilo grass, Oryzopsis miliacea

perennial mountain rice native to Mediterranean region and introduced into North America

Panicum, genus Panicum

panic grass

witchgrass, witch grass, old witchgrass, old witch grass, tumble grass, Panicum capillare

North American grass with slender brushy panicles; often a weed on cultivated land

switch grass, Panicum virgatum

grass of western America used for hay

millet, broomcorn millet, hog millet, Panicum miliaceum

extensively cultivated in Europe and Asia for its grain and in United States sometimes for forage

genus Paspalum

a genus of perennial grasses of warm regions

goose grass, Texas millet, Panicum Texanum

annual weedy grass used for hay

dallisgrass, dallis grass, paspalum, Paspalum dilatatum

tall tufted perennial tropical American grass naturalized as pasture and forage grass in southern United States

Bahia grass, Paspalum notatum

perennial tropical American grass used as pasture grass in arid areas of Gulf states

knotgrass, Paspalum distichum

low-growing weedy grass with spikelets along the leaf stems

pearl millet, bulrush millet, cattail millet, Pennisetum glaucum, Pennisetum Americanum

tall grass having cattail like spikes; grown in Africa and Asia for its grain and in the United States chiefly for forage; sometimes used in making beer

Pennisetum, genus Pennisetum

a genus of Old World grasses

fountain grass, Pennisetum ruppelii, Pennisetum setaceum

tall perennial ornamental grass with long nodding flower plumes of tropical Africa and Asia

Phalaris, genus Phalaris

a genus of grasses with broad leaves and a dense spike of flowers

feathertop, feathertop grass, Pennistum villosum

northeastern tropical African plant having feathery panicles

reed canary grass, gardener's garters, lady's laces, ribbon grass, Phalaris arundinacea

perennial grass of marshy meadows and ditches having broad leaves; Europe and North America

hardinggrass, Harding grass, toowomba canary grass, Phalaris aquatica, Phalaris tuberosa

perennial grass of Australia and South Africa; introduced in North America as forage grass

canary grass, birdseed grass, Phalaris canariensis

Canary Islands grass; seeds used as feed for caged birds

ditch reed, common reed, carrizo, Phragmites communis

tall North American reed having relative wide leaves and large plumelike panicles; widely distributed in moist areas; used for mats, screens and arrow shafts

Phleum, genus Phleum

grasses native to temperate regions

timothy, herd's grass, Phleum pratense

grass with long cylindrical spikes frown in northern United States and Europe for hay

Phragmites, genus Phragmites

reeds of marshes and riversides in tropical or temperate regions

meadowgrass, meadow grass

any of various grasses that thrive in the presence of abundant moisture

Poa, genus Poa

chiefly perennial grasses of cool temperate regions

wood meadowgrass, Poa nemoralis, Agrostis alba

slender European grass of shady places; grown also in northeastern America and temperate Asia

Kentucky bluegrass, Kentucky blue, Kentucy blue grass, June grass, Poa pratensis

valuable meadow and pasture grass in Europe and especially central United States having tall stalks and slender bright green leaves; a chief constituent in lawn grass mixtures

Saccharum, genus Saccharum

tall perennial reedlike grass originally of southeastern Asia: sugarcane

sugarcane, sugar cane, Saccharum officinarum

tall tropical southeast Asian grass having stout fibrous jointed stalks; sap is a chief source of sugar

bluestem, blue stem, Andropogon furcatus, Andropogon gerardii

tall grass with smooth bluish leaf sheaths grown for hay in the United States

noble cane

sugarcanes representing the highest development of the species; characterized by large soft-rinded juicy stalks and high sugar content

munj, munja, Saccharum bengalense, Saccharum munja

tough Asiatic grass whose culms are used for ropes and baskets

Schizachyrium, genus Schizachyrium

overlaps the genus Andropogon

broom beard grass, prairie grass, wire grass, Andropogon scoparius, Schizachyrium scoparium

handsome hardy North American grass with foliage turning pale bronze in autumn

Secale, genus Secale

cereal grass widely cultivated for its grain: rye

giant foxtail

two species of coarse annual foxtails that are naturalized weeds in United States

rye, Secale cereale

hardy annual cereal grass widely cultivated in northern Europe where its grain is the chief ingredient of black bread and in North America for forage and soil improvement

Setaria, genus Setaria

annual or perennial grasses of warm regions: bristlegrasses

bristlegrass, bristle grass

grasses of grasslands and woodlands having large gracefully arching spikes with long bristles beneath each spikelet

yellow bristlegrass, yellow bristle grass, yellow foxtail, glaucous bristlegrass, Setaria glauca

common weedy and bristly grass found in nearly all temperate areas

green bristlegrass, green foxtail, rough bristlegrass, bottlegrass, bottle grass, Setaria viridis

European foxtail naturalized in North America; often a troublesome weed

Siberian millet, Setaria italica rubrofructa

millet having orange to reddish grains in long bristly spikes

foxtail millet, Italian millet, Hungarian grass, Setaria italica

coarse drought-resistant annual grass grown for grain, hay and forage in Europe and Asia and chiefly for forage and hay in United States

German millet, golden wonder millet, Setaria italica stramineofructa

millet having yellow grains in large drooping spikes

millet

any of various small-grained annual cereal and forage grasses of the genera Panicum, Echinochloa, Setaria, Sorghum, and Eleusine

reed

tall woody perennial grasses with hollow slender stems especially of the genera Arundo and Phragmites

sorghum

economically important Old World tropical cereal grass

genus Sorghum

annual or perennial tropical and subtropical cereal grasses: sorghum

feterita, federita, Sorghum vulgare caudatum

a Sudanese sorghum having exceptionally large soft white grains

great millet, kaffir, kafir corn, kaffir corn, Sorghum bicolor

important for human and animal food; growth habit and stem form similar to Indian corn but having sawtooth-edged leaves

grain sorghum

any of several sorghums cultivated primarily for grain

durra, doura, dourah, Egyptian corn, Indian millet, Guinea corn

sorghums of dry regions of Asia and North Africa

hegari

Sudanese sorghums having white seeds; one variety grown in southwestern United States

kaoliang

sorghums of China and Manchuria having small white or brown grains (used for food) and dry pithy stalks (used for fodder, fuel and thatching)

milo, milo maize

small drought-resistant sorghums having large yellow or whitish grains

sorgo, sorgho, sweet sorghum, sugar sorghum

any of several sorghums cultivated as a source of syrup

shallu, Sorghum vulgare rosburghii

sorghum having slender dry stalks and small hard grains; introduced into United States from India

Johnson grass, Aleppa grass, means grass, evergreen millet, Sorghum halepense, Sorghum halapense

tall perennial grass that spreads by creeping rhizomes and is grown for fodder; naturalized in southern United States where it is a serious pest on cultivated land

broomcorn, Sorghum vulgare technicum

tall grasses grown for the elongated stiff-branched panicle used for brooms and brushes

Spartina, genus Spartina

grass of freshwater swamps and salt marshes of Europe, Africa, America, and South Atlantic islands

salt reed grass, Spartina cynosuroides

tall reedlike grass common in salt meadows

cordgrass, cord grass

any of several perennial grasses of the genus Spartina; some important as coastal soil binders

Sporobolus, genus Sporobolus

cosmopolitan annual and perennial grasses (as dropseed or rushgrass)

prairie cordgrass, freshwater cordgrass, slough grass, Spartina pectinmata

North American cordgrass having leaves with dry membranous margins and glumes with long awns

smut grass, blackseed, carpet grass, Sporobolus poiretii

grass native to West Indies but common in southern United States having tufted wiry stems often infested with a dark fungus (Helminthosporum_ravenelii)

dropseed

a grass of the genus Sporobolus

sand dropseed, Sporobolus cryptandrus

erect smooth grass of sandy places in eastern North America

rushgrass

grass having wiry stems and sheathed panicles

St. Augustine grass, Stenotaphrum secundatum, buffalo grass

low mat-forming grass of southern United States and tropical America; grown as a lawn grass

Stenotaphrum, genus Stenotaphrum

lawn grasses

Triticum, genus Triticum

annual cereal grasses from Mediterranean area; widely cultivated in temperate regions

cereal, cereal grass

grass whose starchy grains are used as food: wheat; rice; rye; oats; maize; buckwheat; millet

wheat, corn

annual or biennial grass having erect flower spikes and light brown grains

durum, durum wheat, hard wheat, Triticum durum, Triticum turgidum, maccaroni wheat

wheat with hard dark-colored kernels high in gluten and used for bread and pasta; grown especially in southern Russia, North Africa, and northern central North America

common wheat, Triticum aestivum

widely cultivated in temperate regions in many varieties for its commercially important grain

soft wheat

wheat with soft starch kernels used in pastry and breakfast cereals

spelt, Triticum spelta, Triticum aestivum spelta

hardy wheat grown mostly in Europe for livestock feed

emmer, starch wheat, two-grain spelt, Triticum dicoccum

hard red wheat grown especially in Russia and Germany; in United States as stock feed

field corn

corn grown primarily for animal feed or market grain

wild wheat, wild emmer, Triticum dicoccum dicoccoides

found wild in Palestine; held to be prototype of cultivated wheat

Zea, genus Zea

corn

corn, maize, Indian corn, Zea mays

tall annual cereal grass bearing kernels on large ears: widely cultivated in America in many varieties; the principal cereal in Mexico and Central and South America since pre-Columbian times

dent corn, Zea mays indentata

corn whose kernels contain both hard and soft starch and become indented at maturity

sweet corn, sugar corn, green corn, sweet corn plant, Zea mays rugosa, Zea saccharata

corn whose young ears are sweet and suitable for eating as a vegetable

soft corn, flour corn, squaw corn, Zea mays amylacea

corn having kernels almost entirely of soft starch

flint corn, flint maize, Yankee corn, Zea mays indurata

corn having kernels with a hard outer layer enclosing the soft endosperm

popcorn, Zea mays everta

corn having small ears and kernels that burst when exposed to dry heat

wild rice, Zizania aquatica

perennial aquatic grass of North America bearing grain used for food

Zizania, genus Zizania

wild rice

zoysia

any of several creeping grasses of the genus Zoysia

genus Zoysia, Zoisia, genus Zoisia

lawn grasses native to southeastern Asia and New Zealand; grown especially in warm regions

bamboo

woody tropical grass having hollow woody stems; mature canes used for construction and furniture

Manila grass, Japanese carpet grass, Zoysia matrella

lawn grass common in the Philippines; grown also in United States

Korean lawn grass, Japanese lawn grass, Zoysia japonica

lawn grass common in China and Japan; grown also in United States

mascarene grass, Korean velvet grass, Zoysia tenuifolia

Asiatic creeping perennial grass; introduced in southern United States as a dought-resistant lawn grass

Bambuseae, tribe Bambuseae

bamboos

giant cane, cane reed, Arundinaria gigantea

tall grass of southern United States growing in thickets

Bambusa, genus Bambusa

tall tender clumping bamboos

common bamboo, Bambusa vulgaris

extremely vigorous bamboo having thin-walled culms striped green and yellow; so widely cultivated that native area is uncertain

Arundinaria, genus Arundinaria

North American bamboo

giant bamboo, kyo-chiku, Dendrocalamus giganteus

immense tropical southeast Asian bamboo with tough hollow culms that resemble tree trunks

small cane, switch cane, Arundinaria tecta

small cane of watery or moist areas in southern United States

Dendrocalamus, genus Dendrocalamus

giant clumb-forming bamboos

fishpole bamboo, gosan-chiku, hotei-chiku, Phyllostachys aurea

small bamboo of southeastern China having slender culms flexuous when young

Phyllostachys, genus Phyllostachys

medium and large bamboos

black bamboo, kuri-chiku, Phyllostachys nigra

small bamboo having thin green culms turning shining black

giant timber bamboo, madake, ku-chiku, Phyllostachys bambusoides

large bamboo having thick-walled culms; native of China and perhaps Japan; widely brown elsewhere

Cyperaceae, family Cyperaceae, sedge family

bulrush; chufa; cotton grass; papyrus; umbrella plant

umbrella plant, umbrella sedge, Cyperus alternifolius

African sedge widely cultivated as an ornamental water plant for its terminal umbrellalike cluster of slender grasslike leaves

sedge

grasslike or rushlike plant growing in wet places having solid stems, narrow grasslike leaves and spikelets of inconspicuous flowers

Cyperus, genus Cyperus

type genus of Cyperaceae; grasslike rhizomatous herbs; cosmopolitan except very cold regions

chufa, yellow nutgrass, earth almond, ground almond, rush nut, Cyperus esculentus

European sedge having small edible nutlike tubers

galingale, galangal, Cyperus longus

European sedge having rough-edged leaves and spikelets of reddish flowers and aromatic roots

papyrus, Egyptian paper reed, paper rush, Cyperus papyrus

tall sedge of the Nile valley yielding fiber that served many purposes in historic times

cypress sedge, Carex pseudocyperus

tufted sedge of temperate regions; nearly cosmopolitan

nutgrass, nut grass, nutsedge, nut sedge, Cyperus rotundus

a widely distributed perennial sedge having small edible nutlike tubers

Carex, genus Carex

large genus of plants found in damp woodlands and bogs and ditches or at water margins: sedges

sand sedge, sand reed, Carex arenaria

European maritime sedge naturalized along Atlantic coast of United States; rootstock has properties of sarsaparilla

cotton grass, cotton rush

any sedge of the genus Eriophorum; north temperate bog plants with tufted spikes

Eriophorum, genus Eriophorum

cotton grass

Scirpus, genus Scirpus

rhizomatous perennial grasslike herbs

common cotton grass, Eriophorum angustifolium

having densely tufted white cottony or downlike glumes

hardstem bulrush, hardstemmed bulrush, Scirpus acutus

widely distributed North American sedge having rigid olive green stems

wool grass, Scirpus cyperinus

sedge of eastern North America having numerous clustered woolly spikelets

Eleocharis, genus Eleocharis

sedges having dense spikes of flowers and leaves reduced to basal sheaths

water chestnut, Chinese water chestnut, Eleocharis dulcis

Chinese sedge yielding edible bulb-shaped tubers

spike rush

a sedge of the genus Eleocharis

needle spike rush, needle rush, slender spike rush, hair grass, Eleocharis acicularis

fine-leaved aquatic spike rush; popular as aerator for aquariums

genus Pandanus

type genus of the Pandanaceae (as screw pines)

creeping spike rush, Eleocharis palustris

cylendrical-stemmed sedge

Pandanales, order Pandanales

families Typhaceae; Sparganiaceae; Pandanaceae

Pandanaceae, family Pandanaceae, screw-pine family

family of woody plants of the order Pandanales including: pandanus; freycinetia

pandanus, screw pine

any of various Old World tropical palmlike trees having huge prop roots and pineapplelike leaves and edible conelike fruits

pandanus

fiber from leaves of the pandanus tree; used for woven articles (such as mats)

textile screw pine, lauhala, Pandanus tectorius

Polynesian screw pine

Typhaceae, family Typhaceae, cattail family

perennial marsh plants with creeping rootstocks and long linear leaves

cattail

tall erect herbs with sword-shaped leaves; cosmopolitan in fresh and salt marshes

Typha, genus Typha

reed maces; cattails

cat's-tail, bullrush, bulrush, nailrod, reed mace, reedmace, Typha latifolia

tall marsh plant with pokerlike seed heads that explode when mature shedding large quantities of down; its long flat leaves are used for making mats and chair seats; of North America, Europe, Asia and North Africa

lesser bullrush, narrow-leaf cattail, narrow-leaved reedmace, soft flag, Typha angustifolia

reed maces of America, Europe, North Africa, Asia

Sparganiaceae, family Sparganiaceae, bur-reed family

coextensive with the genus Sparganium

Sparganium, genus Sparganium

type and sole genus of Sparganiaceae; marsh or aquatic herbs of temperate regions

bur reed

marsh plant having elongated linear leaves and round prickly fruit

cucurbit

any plant of the family Cucurbitaceae

Cucurbitaceae, family Cucurbitaceae, gourd family

a family of herbaceous vines (such cucumber or melon or squash or pumpkin)

gourd, gourd vine

any vine of the family Cucurbitaceae that bears hard-rinded fruits

squash, squash vine

any of numerous annual tendril-bearing trailing plants of the genus Cucurbita grown for their fleshy edible fruits

Cucurbita, genus Cucurbita

type genus of the Cucurbitaceae

pumpkin, pumpkin vine, autumn pumpkin, Cucurbita pepo

a coarse vine widely cultivated for its non-keeping large pulpy round orange fruit with firm orange skin and numerous seeds; subspecies of Cucurbita pepo include the summer squashes and a few autumn squashes

yellow squash

any of various squash plants grown for their yellow fruits with somewhat elongated necks

summer squash, summer squash vine, Cucurbita pepo melopepo

any of various usually bushy plants producing fruit that is eaten while immature and before the rind or seeds harden

marrow, marrow squash, vegetable marrow

any of various squash plants grown for their elongated fruit with smooth dark green skin and whitish flesh

cocozelle, Italian vegetable marrow

squash plant having dark green fruit with skin mottled with light green or yellow

zucchini, courgette

marrow squash plant whose fruit are eaten when small

winter squash, winter squash plant

any of various plants of the species Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita moschata producing hard-rinded squashes that mature in the fall

cymling, pattypan squash

squash plant having flattened round fruit with a scalloped edge; usually greenish white

spaghetti squash

squash plant bearing oval fruit with smooth yellowish skin and tender stranded flesh resembling spaghetti

acorn squash

squash plant bearing small yellow-fleshed acorn-shaped fruits having dark green or yellow rind with longitudinal ridges

turban squash, Cucurbita maxima turbaniformis

squash plants bearing hard-shelled fruit shaped somewhat like a turban with a rounded central portion protruding from the end opposite the stem

hubbard squash, Cucurbita maxima

any of several winter squash plants producing large grayish-green football-shaped fruit with a rough warty rind

buttercup squash

plant bearing somewhat drum-shaped fruit having dark green rind with grayish markings

butternut squash, Cucurbita maxima

plant bearing buff-colored squash having somewhat bottle-shaped fruit with fine-textured edible flesh and smooth thin rind

winter crookneck, winter crookneck squash, Cucurbita moschata

any of various plants bearing hard-rinded squash having elongated recurved necks

prairie gourd, prairie gourd vine, Missouri gourd, wild pumpkin, buffalo gourd, calabazilla, Cucurbita foetidissima

perennial vine of dry parts of central and southwestern United States and Mexico having small hard mottled green inedible fruit

cushaw, Cucurbita mixta, Cucurbita argyrosperma

plant bearing squash having globose to ovoid fruit with variously striped gray and green and white warty rinds

bryony, briony

a tendril-bearing vine of the genus Bryonia having large leaves and small flowers and yielding acrid juice with emetic and purgative properties

genus Bryonia

climbing perennial herbs: bryony

white bryony, devil-s turnip, Bryonia alba

white-flowered vine having thick roots and bearing small black berries; Europe to Iran

red bryony, wild hop, Bryonia dioica

bryony having fleshy roots pale green flowers and very small red berries; Europe; North Africa; western Asia

Citrullus, genus Citrullus

a dicot genus of the family cucurbitaceae including watermelons

melon, melon vine

any of various fruit of cucurbitaceous vines including: muskmelons; watermelons; cantaloupes; cucumbers

sweet melon, muskmelon, sweet melon vine, Cucumis melo

any of several varieties of vine whose fruit has a netted rind and edible flesh and a musky smell

watermelon, watermelon vine, Citrullus vulgaris

an African melon

Cucumis, genus Cucumis

cucumbers; muskmelons

cantaloupe, cantaloup, cantaloupe vine, Cucumis melo cantalupensis

a variety of muskmelon vine having fruit with a tan rind and orange flesh

Ecballium, genus Ecballium

exploding cucumber; squirting cucumber

winter melon, Persian melon, honeydew melon, winter melon vine, Cucumis melo inodorus

any of a variety of muskmelon vines having fruit with a smooth white rind and white or greenish flesh that does not have a musky smell

net melon, netted melon, nutmeg melon, Cucumis melo reticulatus

a muskmelon vine with fruit that has a thin reticulated rind and sweet green flesh

cucumber, cucumber vine, Cucumis sativus

a melon vine of the genus Cucumis; cultivated from earliest times for its cylindrical green fruit

bottle gourd, calabash, Lagenaria siceraria

Old World climbing plant with hard-shelled bottle-shaped gourds as fruits

squirting cucumber, exploding cucumber, touch-me-not, Ecballium elaterium

Mediterranean vine having oblong fruit that when ripe expels its seeds and juice violently when touched

Lagenaria, genus Lagenaria

bottle gourds

luffa, dishcloth gourd, sponge gourd, rag gourd, strainer vine

any of several tropical annual climbers having large yellow flowers and edible young fruits; grown commercially for the mature fruit's dried fibrous interior that is used as a sponge

genus Luffa

dishcloth gourds

angled loofah, sing-kwa, Luffa acutangula

loofah of Pakistan; widely cultivated throughout tropics

loofah, vegetable sponge, Luffa cylindrica

the bathroom loofah

balsam pear, Momordica charantia

tropical Old World vine with yellow-orange fruit

Momordica, genus Momordica

Old World tropical vine

balsam apple, Momordica balsamina

a tropical Old World flowering vine with red or orange warty fruit

Lobeliaceae, family Lobeliaceae, lobelia family

not recognized in all classification systems; in some classifications lobeliaceous plants are included in family Campanulaceae

lobelia

any plant or flower of the genus Lobelia

genus Lobelia

in some classifications considered the type genus of a separate family Lobeliaceae

Indian tobacco, bladderpod, Lobelia inflata

North American wild lobelia having small blue flowers and inflated capsules formerly used as an antispasmodic

cardinal flower, Indian pink, Lobelia cardinalis

North American lobelia having brilliant red flowers

water lobelia, Lobelia dortmanna

erect perennial aquatic herb of Europe and North America having submerged spongy leaves and pendulous racemes of blue flowers above the water

great lobelia, blue cardinal flower, Lobelia siphilitica

tall erect and very leafy perennial herb of eastern North America having dense spikes of blue flowers

Malvales, order Malvales

Malvaceae; Bombacaceae; Elaeocarpaceae; Sterculiaceae; Tiliaceae

Malvaceae, family Malvaceae, mallow family

herbs and shrubs and some trees: mallows; cotton; okra

musk mallow, mus rose, Malva moschata

erect Old World perennial with faintly musk-scented foliage and white or pink flowers; adventive in United States

Malva, genus Malva

herbs and subshrubs: mallows

mallow

any of various plants of the family_Malvaceae

common mallow, Malva neglecta

annual Old World plant with clusters of pink or white flowers; naturalized in United States

okra, gumbo, okra plant, lady's-finger, Abelmoschus esculentus, Hibiscus esculentus

tall coarse annual of Old World tropics widely cultivated in southern United States and West Indies for its long mucilaginous green pods used as basis for soups and stews; sometimes placed in genus Hibiscus

tall mallow, high mallow, cheese, cheeseflower, Malva sylvestris

erect or decumbent Old World perennial with axillary clusters of rosy-purple flowers; introduced in United States

Abelmoschus, genus Abelmoschus

genus of tropical coarse herbs having large lobed leaves and often yellow flowers

abelmosk, musk mallow, Abelmoschus moschatus, Hibiscus moschatus

bushy herb of tropical Asia grown for its yellow or pink to scarlet hibiscuslike blooms

Abutilon, genus Abutilon

herbs or shrubs or small trees: flowering maple; parlor maple; indian mallow

velvetleaf, velvetweed, Indian mallow, butter-print, China jute, Abutilon theophrasti

tall annual herb or subshrub of tropical Asia having velvety leaves and yellow flowers and yielding a strong fiber; naturalized in southeastern Europe and United States

Alcea, genus Alcea

genus of erect herbs of the Middle East having showy flowers: hollyhocks; in some classification systems synonymous with Althea

hollyhock

any of various tall plants of the genus Alcea; native to the Middle East but widely naturalized and cultivated for its very large variously colored flowers

rose mallow, Alcea rosea, Althea rosea

plant with terminal racemes of showy white to pink or purple flowers; the English cottage garden hollyhock

genus Althaea

hollyhocks; in some classification systems synonymous with Alcea

marsh mallow, white mallow, Althea officinalis

European perennial plant naturalized in United States having triangular ovate leaves and lilac-pink flowers

althea, althaea, hollyhock

any of various plants of the genus Althaea; similar to but having smaller flowers than genus Alcea

poppy mallow

a plant of the genus Callirhoe having palmately cleft leaves and white to red or purple flowers borne throughout the summer

Callirhoe, genus Callirhoe

small genus of North American herbs having usually red or purple flowers

fringed poppy mallow, Callirhoe digitata

perennial poppy mallow of United States southern plains states having rose-red or rose-purple flowers

purple poppy mallow, Callirhoe involucrata

hairy perennial of central United States having round deeply-lobed leaves and loose panicles of large crimson-purple or cherry-red flowers

clustered poppy mallow, Callirhoe triangulata

densely hairy perennial having mostly triangular basal leaves and rose-purple flowers in panicled clusters

Gossypium, genus Gossypium

herbs and shrubs and small trees: cotton

cotton, cotton plant

erect bushy mallow plant or small tree bearing bolls containing seeds with many long hairy fibers

sea island cotton, tree cotton, Gossypium barbadense

small bushy tree grown on islands of the Caribbean and off the southern United States Atlantic coast and yielding cotton with unusually long silky fibers

tree cotton, Gossypium arboreum

East Indian shrub cultivated especially for ornament for its pale yellow to deep purple blossoms

Egyptian cotton

fine long-stable somewhat brownish cotton grown in Egypt; believed to be derived from sea island cotton or by hybridization with Peruvian cotton

Levant cotton, Gossypium herbaceum

Old World annual having heart-shaped leaves and large seeds with short grayish lint removed with difficulty; considered an ancestor of modern short-staple cottons

upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum

native tropical American plant now cultivated in the United States yielding short-staple cotton

Peruvian cotton, Gossypium peruvianum

cotton with long rough hairy fibers

wild cotton, Arizona wild cotton, Gossypium thurberi

shrub of southern Arizona and Mexico

genus Hibiscus

large genus of tropical and subtropical herbs and shrubs and trees often grown as ornamentals for their profusion of large flowers in a variety of colors

hibiscus

any plant of the genus Hibiscus

kenaf, kanaf, deccan hemp, bimli, bimli hemp, Indian hemp, Bombay hemp, Hibiscus cannabinus

valuable fiber plant of East Indies now widespread in cultivation

Cuban bast, blue mahoe, mahoe, majagua, mahagua, Hibiscus elatus

erect forest tree of Cuba and Jamaica having variably hairy leaves and orange-yellow or orange-red flowers; yields a moderately dense timber for cabinetwork and gunstocks

rose mallow, swamp mallow, common rose mallow, swamp rose mallow, Hibiscus moscheutos

showy shrub of salt marshes of the eastern United States having large rose-colored flowers

sorrel tree, Hibiscus heterophyllus

Australian tree with acid foliage

China rose, Chinese hibiscus, Rose of China, shoeblack plant, shoe black, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis

large showy Asiatic shrub or small tree having large single or double red to deep-red flowers

cotton rose, Confederate rose, Confederate rose mallow, Hibiscus mutabilis

Chinese shrub or small tree having white or pink flowers becoming deep red at night; widely cultivated; naturalized in southeastern United States

roselle, rozelle, sorrel, red sorrel, Jamaica sorrel, Hibiscus sabdariffa

East Indian sparsely prickly annual herb or perennial subshrub widely cultivated for its fleshy calyxes used in tarts and jelly and for its bast fiber

mahoe, majagua, mahagua, balibago, purau, Hibiscus tiliaceus

shrubby tree widely distributed along tropical shores; yields a light tough wood used for canoe outriggers and a fiber used for cordage and caulk; often cultivated for ornament

rose of Sharon, Hibiscus syriacus

Asiatic shrub or small shrubby tree having showy bell-shaped rose or purple or white flowers and usually 3-lobed leaves; widely cultivated in temperate North America and Europe

flower-of-an-hour, flowers-of-an-hour, bladder ketmia, black-eyed Susan, Hibiscus trionum

annual weedy herb with ephemeral yellow purple-eyed flowers; Old World tropics; naturalized as a weed in North America

Hoheria, genus Hoheria

small genus of shrubs and small trees of New Zealand: lacebarks

wild hollyhock, Iliamna remota, Sphaeralcea remota

a rare mallow found only in Illinois resembling the common hollyhock and having pale rose-mauve flowers; sometimes placed in genus Sphaeralcea

lacebark, ribbonwood, houhere, Hoheria populnea

small tree or shrub of New Zealand having a profusion of axillary clusters of honey-scented paper-white flowers and whose bark is used for cordage

Iliamna, genus Iliamna

small genus of perennial herbs or subshrubs; some often placed in other genera

salt marsh mallow, Kosteletzya virginica

subshrub of southeastern United States to New York

mountain hollyhock, Iliamna ruvularis, Iliamna acerifolia

perennial of northwestern United States and western Canada resembling a hollyhock and having white or pink flowers

Kosteletzya, genus Kosteletzya

small genus of herbs of southeastern United States and tropical America and Africa

seashore mallow

any of various plants of the genus Kosteletzya predominantly of coastal habitats; grown for their hibuscuslike flowers

Lavatera, genus Lavatera

widespread genus or herbs or soft-wooded arborescent shrubs cultivated for their showy flowers

Malacothamnus, genus Malacothamnus

genus of shrubs or small trees: chaparral mallow

tree mallow, velvetleaf, Lavatera arborea

arborescent perennial shrub having palmately lobed furry leaves and showy red-purple flowers; southwestern United States

chaparral mallow, Malacothamnus fasciculatus, Sphaeralcea fasciculata

shrub of coastal ranges of California and Baja California having hairy branches and spikes of numerous mauve flowers; sometimes placed in genus_Sphaeralcea

genus Malope

small genus of chiefly European herbs

Malvastrum, genus Malvastrum

genus of mallows characterized by red and yellow flowers often placed in other genera

malope, Malope trifida

western Mediterranean annual having deep purple-red flowers subtended by 3 large cordate bracts

false mallow

an American plant of the genus Malvastrum

Malvaviscus, genus Malvaviscus

small genus of shrubs of Central and South America: wax mallows

glade mallow, Napaea dioica

tall coarse American herb having palmate leaves and numerous small white dioecious flowers; found wild in most alluvial soils of eastern and central United States

waxmallow, wax mallow, sleeping hibiscus

any of various plants of the genus Malvaviscus having brilliant bell-shaped drooping flowers like incompletely opened hibiscus flowers

Napaea, genus Napaea

1 species: glade mallow

genus Pavonia

genus of tropical hairy shrubs or herbs of tropics and subtropics especially South America

pavonia

any of various evergreen plants of the genus Pavonia having white or yellow or purple flowers

Radyera, genus Radyera

very small species of shrubs of southern hemisphere: bush_hibiscus

Plagianthus, genus Plagianthus

small genus of shrubs and trees of Australia and New Zealand

ribbon tree, ribbonwood, Plagianthus regius, Plagianthus betulinus

deciduous New Zealand tree whose inner bark yields a strong flax-like fiber called New Zealand cotton

bush hibiscus, Radyera farragei, Hibiscus farragei

southern and western Australian shrub with unlobed or shallowly lobed toothed leaves and purple flowers; sometimes placed in genus Hibiscus

Sida, genus Sida

large genus of tropical subshrubs or herbs some of which yield fibers of musilaginous substances

Queensland hemp, jellyleaf, Sida rhombifolia

herb widely distributed in tropics and subtropics used for forage and medicinally as a demulcent and having a fine soft bast stronger than jute; sometimes an aggressive weed

Virginia mallow, Sida hermaphrodita

tall handsome perennial herb of southeastern United States having maplelike leaves and white flowers

Indian mallow, Sida spinosa

tropical American weed having pale yellow or orange flowers naturalized in southern United States

Sidalcea, genus Sidalcea

genus of showy plants of western North America having palmate leaves and variously colored racemose flowers

checkerbloom, wild hollyhock, Sidalcea malviflora

perennial purple-flowered wild mallow of western North America that is also cultivated

Sphaeralcea, genus Sphaeralcea

large genus of chiefly tropical herbs with showy flowers and mostly globose fruits: globe mallows

globe mallow, false mallow

genus of coarse herbs and subshrubs of arid North and South America having pink or scarlet flowers and globose fruits

prairie mallow, red false mallow, Sphaeralcea coccinea, Malvastrum coccineum

false mallow of western United States having racemose red flowers; sometimes placed in genus Malvastrum

Thespesia, genus Thespesia

small genus of tropical trees: Portia tree

tulipwood tree

any of various trees yielding variously colored woods similar to true tulipwood

portia tree, bendy tree, seaside mahoe, Thespesia populnea

pantropical tree of usually seacoasts sometimes cultivated as an ornamental for its rounded heart-shaped leaves and showy yellow and purple flowers; yields valuable pink to dark red close-grained wood and oil from its seeds

tulipwood

the variegated or showily striped ornamental wood of various tulipwood trees

Bombacaceae, family Bombacaceae

tropical trees with large dry or fleshy fruit containing usually woolly seeds

red silk-cotton tree, simal, Bombax ceiba, Bombax malabarica

East Indian silk cotton tree yielding fibers inferior to kapok

Bombax, genus Bombax

trees of chiefly South America

baobab, monkey-bread tree, Adansonia digitata

African tree having an exceedingly thick trunk and gourd-like fruit with edible pulp called monkey bread

Adansonia, genus Adansonia

baobab; cream-of-tartar tree

cream-of-tartar tree, sour gourd, Adansonia gregorii

Australian tree having an agreeably acid gourd-like fruit

Ceiba, genus Ceiba

tropical American trees with palmately compound leaves and showy bell-like flowers

kapok, ceiba tree, silk-cotton tree, white silk-cotton tree, Bombay ceiba, God tree, Ceiba pentandra

massive tropical tree with deep ridges on its massive trunk and bearing large pods of seeds covered with silky floss; source of the silky kapok fiber

Durio, genus Durio

a genus of tall Asian trees of the family Bombacaceae

durian, durion, durian tree, Durio zibethinus

tree of southeastern Asia having edible oval fruit with a hard spiny rind

genus Montezuma

1 species: medium-sized evergreen tree of Puerto Rico or Mexico

Montezuma

evergreen tree with large leathery leaves and large pink to orange flowers; considered a link plant between families Bombacaceae and Sterculiaceae

balsa, Ochroma lagopus

forest tree of lowland Central America having a strong very light wood; used for making floats and rafts and in crafts

Ochroma, genus Ochroma

1 species: balsa

shaving-brush tree, Pseudobombax ellipticum

tree of Mexico to Guatemala having densely hairy flowers with long narrow petals clustered at ends of branches before leaves appear

Pseudobombax, genus Pseudobombax

tropical American deciduous shrubs or small trees

Elaeocarpus, genus Elaeocarpus

type genus of the family Elaeocarpaceae

Elaeocarpaceae, family Elaeocarpaceae, elaeocarpus family

genus of trees and shrubs widely distributed in warm regions some yielding useful timber; in some classifications included in the family Santalaceae

quandong, quandong tree, Brisbane quandong, silver quandong tree, blue fig, Elaeocarpus grandis

Australian tree having hard white timber and glossy green leaves with white flowers followed by one-seeded glossy blue fruit

silver quandong

pale easily worked timber from the quandong tree

Aristotelia, genus Aristotelia

small genus of shrubs or small trees of Australia and New Zealand and western South America

makomako, New Zealand wine berry, wineberry, Aristotelia serrata, Aristotelia racemosa

graceful deciduous shrub or small tree having attractive foliage and small red berries that turn black at maturity and are used for making wine

Muntingia, genus Muntingia

1 species: Jamaican cherry; sometimes placed in family Flacourtiaceae

Jamaican cherry, calabur tree, calabura, silkwood, Muntingia calabura

a fast-growing tropical American evergreen having white flowers and white fleshy edible fruit; bark yields a silky fiber used in cordage and wood is valuable for staves

Sloanea, genus Sloanea

genus of tropical hardwood timber trees

Sterculiaceae, family Sterculiaceae, sterculia family

a large family of plants of order Malvales

breakax, breakaxe, Sloanea jamaicensis

West Indian timber tree having very hard wood

genus Sterculia

type genus of the Sterculiaceae: deciduous or evergreen trees of Old and New World tropics and subtropics

Panama tree, Sterculia apetala

large deciduous tree native to Panama and from which the country takes its name having densely leafy umbrellalike crown and naked trunk

sterculia

any tree of the genus Sterculia

kalumpang, Java olives, Sterculia foetida

large tree of Old World tropics having foul-smelling orange-red blossoms followed by red pods enclosing oil-rich seeds sometimes used as food

Brachychiton, genus Brachychiton

Australian trees (usually with swollen trunks)

flame tree, flame durrajong, Brachychiton acerifolius, Sterculia acerifolia

south Australian tree having panicles of brilliant scarlet flowers

bottletree

an Australian tree of the genus Brachychiton

flame tree, broad-leaved bottletree, Brachychiton australis

north Australian tree having white flowers and broad leaves

Queensland bottletree, narrow-leaved bottletree, Brachychiton rupestris, Sterculia rupestris

large tree of Queensland Australia having cream-colored flowers blotched with red inside; sometimes placed in genus Sterculia

kurrajong, currajong, Brachychiton populneus

widely distributed tree of eastern Australia yielding a tough durable fiber and soft light attractively grained wood; foliage is an important emergency food for cattle

Cola, genus Cola

large genus of African trees bearing kola nuts

kola, kola nut, kola nut tree, goora nut, Cola acuminata

tree bearing large brown nuts containing e.g. caffeine; source of cola extract

genus Dombeya

genus of African shrubs or small trees

Firmiana, genus Firmiana

small genus of Asian trees or shrubs

dombeya

any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Dombeya grown for their rounded clusters of exquisite often sweet-scented flowers usually hanging beneath the leaves

Chinese parasol tree, Chinese parasol, Japanese varnish tree, phoenix tree, Firmiana simplex

deciduous tree widely grown in southern United States as an ornamental for its handsome maplelike foliage and long racemes of yellow-green flowers followed by curious leaflike pods

screw tree

a tree or shrub of the genus Helicteres

Fremontodendron, genus Fremontodendron, Fremontia, genus Fremontia

flannelbush

flannelbush, flannel bush, California beauty

any of several handsome evergreen shrubs of California and northern Mexico having downy lobed leaves and showy yellow flowers

Helicteres, genus Helicteres

genus of shrubs and small trees of tropical America and Asia having cylindrical fruits spirally twisted around one another

nut-leaved screw tree, Helicteres isora

East Indian shrub often cultivated for its hairy leaves and orange-red flowers

Heritiera, genus Heritiera, Terrietia, genus Terrietia

small genus of timber trees of eastern Asia, Australasia and tropical Africa that form large buttresses

looking glass tree, Heritiera macrophylla

large evergreen tree of India and Burma whose leaves are silvery beneath

red beech, brown oak, booyong, crow's foot, stave wood, silky elm, Heritiera trifoliolata, Terrietia trifoliolata

large tree of Australasia

looking-glass plant, Heritiera littoralis

small tree of coastal regions of Old World tropics whose leaves are silvery beneath

honey bell, honeybells, Hermannia verticillata, Mahernia verticillata

African shrub having decumbent stems and slender yellow honey-scented flowers either solitary or in pairs

Hermannia, genus Hermannia

genus of African herbs and subshrubs having honey-scented bell-shaped flowers

Pterospermum, genus Pterospermum

genus of tropical Asian trees and shrubs

Tarrietia, genus Tarrietia

small genus of east Asian and Australian timber trees

mayeng, maple-leaved bayur, Pterospermum acerifolium

Indian tree having fragrant nocturnal white flowers and yielding a reddish wood used for planking; often grown as an ornamental or shade tree

cacao, cacao tree, chocolate tree, Theobroma cacao

tropical American tree producing cacao beans

silver tree, Tarrietia argyrodendron

Australian timber tree

Theobroma, genus Theobroma

cacao plants

Triplochiton, genus Triplochiton

small genus of tropical African trees with maplelike leaves

obeche, obechi, arere, samba, Triplochiton scleroxcylon

large west African tree having large palmately lobed leaves and axillary cymose panicles of small white flowers and one-winged seeds; yields soft white to pale yellow wood

Tiliaceae, family Tiliaceae, linden family

chiefly trees and shrubs of tropical and temperate regions of especially southeastern Asia and Brazil; genera Tilia; Corchorus; Entelia; Grewia; Sparmannia

obeche

the wood of an African obeche tree; used especially for veneering

basswood, linden

soft light-colored wood of any of various linden trees; used in making crates and boxes and in carving and millwork

Tilia, genus Tilia

deciduous trees with smooth usually silver-gray bark of North America and Europe and Asia: lime trees; lindens; basswood

linden, linden tree, basswood, lime, lime tree

any of various deciduous trees of the genus Tilia heart-shaped leaves and drooping cymose clusters of yellowish often fragrant flowers; several yield valuable timber

American basswood, American lime, Tilia americana

large American shade tree with large dark green leaves and rounded crown

small-leaved linden, small-leaved lime, Tilia cordata

large spreading European linden with small dark green leaves; often cultivated as an ornamental

white basswood, cottonwood, Tilia heterophylla

American basswood of the Allegheny region

Japanese linden, Japanese lime, Tilia japonica

medium-sized tree of Japan used as an ornamental

genus Corchorus

widely distributed genus of tropical herbs or subshrubs; especially Asia

silver lime, silver linden, Tilia tomentosa

large tree native to eastern Europe and Asia Minor having leaves with white tomentum on the under side; widely cultivated as an ornamental

phalsa, Grewia asiatica

drought-resistant Asiatic treelike shrub bearing pleasantly acid small red edible fruits commonly used in sherbets

corchorus

any of various plants of the genus Corchorus having large leaves and cymose clusters of yellow flowers; a source of jute

Grewia, genus Grewia

a genus of tropical and subtropical Old World climbers or shrubs or trees

Sparmannia, genus Sparmannia

small genus of tropical African shrubs

African hemp, Sparmannia africana

large shrub of South Africa having many conspicuously hairy branches with large hairy leaves and clusters of conspicuous white flowers

herb, herbaceous plant

a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests

simple

(archaic) any herbaceous plant having medicinal properties

vegetable

any of various herbaceous plants cultivated for an edible part such as the fruit or the root of the beet or the leaf of spinach or the seeds of bean plants or the flower buds of broccoli or cauliflower

Rosidae, subclass Rosidae

a group of trees and shrubs and herbs mostly with polypetalous flowers; contains 108 families including Rosaceae; Crassulaceae; Myrtaceae; Melastomaceae; Euphorbiaceae; Umbelliferae

Proteales, order Proteales

coextensive with the family Proteaceae

Umbellales, order Umbellales

plants having umbels or corymbs of uniovulate flowers; includes the Umbelliferae (chiefly herbs) and Cornaceae (chiefly trees or shrubs)

Proteaceae, family Proteaceae, protea family

large family of Australian and South African shrubs and trees with leathery leaves and clustered mostly tetramerous flowers; constitutes the order Proteales

genus Protea

type genus of Proteaceae; tropical African shrubs

Bartle Frere, genus Bartle-Frere, green dinosaur

a living fossil or so-called "green dinosaur": genus or subfamily of primitive nut-bearing trees thought to have died out 50 million years ago; a single specimen found in 1994 on Mount Bartle Frere in eastern Australia; not yet officially named

protea

any tropical African shrub of the genus Protea having alternate rigid leaves and dense colorful flower heads resembling cones

honeyflower, Protea mellifera

Australian shrub whose flowers yield honey copiously

honeypot, king protea, Protea cynaroides

South African shrub whose flowers when open are cup- or goblet-shaped resembling globe artichokes

genus Banksia

important genus of Australian evergreen shrubs or trees with alternate leathery leaves and yellowish flowers

banksia

any shrub or tree of the genus Banksia having alternate leathery leaves apetalous yellow flowers often in showy heads and conelike fruit with winged seeds

Conospermum, genus Conospermum

Australian shrubs (some trees) with flowers in dense spikes: smoke bush

honeysuckle, Ausralian honeysuckle, coast banksia, Banksia integrifolia

shrubby tree with silky foliage and spikes of cylindrical yellow nectarous flowers

Embothrium, genus Embothrium

small genus of South American evergreen shrubs or small trees with long willowy branches and flowers in flamboyant terminal clusters

smoke bush

any of various shrubs of the genus Conospermum with panicles of mostly white woolly flowers

Chilean firebush, Chilean flameflower, Embothrium coccineum

grown for outstanding display of brilliant usually scarlet-crimson flowers; Andes

Chilean nut, Chile nut, Chile hazel, Chilean hazelnut, Guevina heterophylla, Guevina avellana

Chilean shrub bearing coral-red fruit with an edible seed resembling a hazelnut

Guevina, genus Guevina

1 species: Chilean nut

genus Grevillea

large genus of Australian shrubs and trees having usually showy orange or red flowers

grevillea

any shrub or tree of the genus Grevillea

silk oak

any of several Australian timber trees having usually fernlike foliage and mottled wood used in cabinetry and veneering

silver oak, Grevillela parallela

small slender tree with usually entire gray-green pendulous leaves and white or cream flowers; northern Australia

red-flowered silky oak, Grevillea banksii

tall shrub with cylindrical racemes of red flowers and pinnatifid leaves silky-gray beneath; eastern Australia

silky oak, Grevillea robusta

medium to tall fast-growing tree with orange flowers and feathery bipinnate leaves silky-hairy beneath; eastern Australia

beefwood, Grevillea striata

tree yielding hard heavy reddish wood

Hakea, genus Hakea

Australian shrubs and small trees with evergreen usually spiny leaves and dense clusters of showy flowers

cushion flower, pincushion hakea, Hakea laurina

tall straggling shrub with large globose crimson-yellow flowers; western Australia

needlewood, needle wood, Hakea leucoptera

large bushy shrub with pungent pointed leaves and creamy white flowers; central and eastern Australia

needlebush, needle bush, Hakea lissosperma

shrub with pungent rigid needle-shaped leaves and white flowers; eastern Australia

Knightia, genus Knightia

small genus of trees or shrubs of New Zealand and New Caledonia

honeyflower, mountain devil, Lambertia formosa

erect bushy shrub of eastern Australia having terminal clusters of red flowers yielding much nectar

rewa-rewa, New-Zealand honeysuckle

slender elegant tree of New Zealand having racemes of red flowers and yielding valuable mottled red timber

Lambertia, genus Lambertia

small genus of Australian shrubs

Leucadendron, genus Leucadendron

large genus of evergreen trees and shrubs having silvery white leaves and solitary terminal flowers with conspicuous silvery bracts

silver tree, Leucadendron argenteum

small South African tree with long silvery silky foliage

genus Lomatia

small genus of low-growing evergreens of Chile and Australia; some yield dyes

genus Macadamia

trees or shrubs; madagascar to Australia

lomatia

any of various ornamental evergreens of the genus Lomatia having attractive fragrant flowers

Macadamia integrifolia

medium-sized tree of eastern Australia having creamy-white flowers

macadamia, macadamia tree

any tree of the genus Macadamia

macadamia nut, macadamia nut tree, Macadamia ternifolia

small Australian tree with racemes of pink flowers; widely cultivated (especially in Hawaii) for its sweet edible nuts

Queensland nut, Macadamia tetraphylla

bushy tree with pink to purple flowers

Orites, genus Orites

small genus of Australian shrubs or trees

prickly ash, Orites excelsa

Australian tree having alternate simple leaves (when young they are pinnate with prickly toothed margins) and slender axillary spikes of white flowers

Persoonia, genus Persoonia

Australian undershrubs to small trees: geebungs

geebung

any of numerous shrubs and small trees having hard narrow leaves and long-lasting yellow or white flowers followed by small edible but insipid fruits

Stenocarpus, genus Stenocarpus

small genus of timber trees; Australia to Malaysia

wheel tree, firewheel tree, Stenocarpus sinuatus

eastern Australian tree widely cultivated as a shade tree and for its glossy leaves and circular clusters of showy red to orange-scarlet flowers

scrub beefwood, beefwood, Stenocarpus salignus

tree or tall shrub with shiny leaves and umbels of fragrant creamy-white flowers; yields hard heavy reddish wood

Telopea, genus Telopea

Australian evergreen shrubs: waratahs

waratah, Telopea Oreades

tall shrub of eastern Australia having obolanceolate to obovate leaves and red flowes in compact racemes

Xylomelum, genus Xylomelum

small species of Australian trees or shrubs; grown for their fruit and flowers

waratah, Telopea speciosissima

straggling shrub with narrow leaves and conspicuous red flowers in dense globular racemes

native pear, woody pear, Xylomelum pyriforme

tree bearing pear-shaped fruit with a thick woody epicarp

Casuarinales, order Casuarinales

order of chiefly Australian trees and shrubs comprising the casuarinas; 1 family: Casuarinaceae

casuarina

any of various trees and shrubs of the genus Casuarina having jointed horsetaillike stems and whorls of scalelike leaves; some yield heavy hardwood

Casuarinaceae, family Casuarinaceae

1 genus: Casuarina

genus Casuarina

genus of trees and shrubs widely naturalized in southern United States and West Indies; coextensive with the family Casuarinaceae and order Casuarinales

she-oak

any of several Australian trees of the genus Casuarina

beefwood

any of several Australian trees of the genus Casuarina yielding heavy hard red wood used in cabinetwork

beefwood

any of several heavy hard reddish chiefly tropical woods of the families Casuarinaceae and Proteaceae; some used for cabinetwork

Australian pine, Casuarina equisetfolia

common Australian tree widely grown as an ornamental in tropical regions; yields heavy hard red wood

Ericales, order Ericales

Ericaceae; Clethraceae; Diapensiaceae; Epacridaceae; Lennoaceae; Pyrolaceae; Monotropaceae

genus Erica

large genus of low much-branched woody evergreens ranging from prostrate subshrubs to trees: true heaths

Ericaceae, family Ericaceae, heath family

heathers

heath

a low evergreen shrub of the family Ericaceae; has small bell-shaped pink or purple flowers

tree heath, briar, brier, Erica arborea

evergreen treelike Mediterranean shrub having fragrant white flowers in large terminal panicles and hard woody roots used to make tobacco pipes

erica, true heath

any plant of the genus Erica

briarroot

hard woody root of the briar Erica arborea

briarwood, brierwood

wood from the hard woody root of the briar Erica arborea; used to make tobacco pipes

bell heather, heather bell, fine-leaved heath, Erica cinerea

common low European shrub with purple-red flowers

winter heath, spring heath, Erica carnea

dwarf European shrub with very early-blooming bell-shaped red flowers

cross-leaved heath, bell heather, Erica tetralix

dwarf European shrub with rose-colored flowers

Cornish heath, Erica vagans

bushy shrub having pink to white flowers; common on the moors of Cornwall and in southwestern Europe; cultivated elsewhere

Spanish heath, Portuguese heath, Erica lusitanica

erect dense shrub native to western Iberian peninsula having profuse white or pink flowers; naturalized in southwestern England

genus Andromeda

low-growing shrubs of northern regions of northern hemisphere

Prince-of-Wales'-heath, Prince of Wales heath, Erica perspicua

South African shrub grown for its profusion of white flowers

arbutus

any of several evergreen shrubs of the genus Arbutus of temperate Europe and America

andromeda

any of several shrubs of the genus Andromeda having leathery leaves and clusters of small flowers

bog rosemary, moorwort, Andromeda glaucophylla

wiry evergreen shrub having pendent clusters of white or pink flowers; of wet acidic areas in Arctic and Canada to northeastern United States

marsh andromeda, common bog rosemary, Andromeda polifolia

erect to procumbent evergreen shrub having pendent clusters of white or pink flowers; of sphagnum peat bogs and other wet acidic areas in northern Europe

genus Arbutus

large evergreen shrubs and trees of southern Europe and western North America: strawberry tree; madrona

madrona, madrono, manzanita, Arbutus menziesii

evergreen tree of Pacific North America having glossy leathery leaves and orange-red edible berries; wood used for furniture and bark for tanning

strawberry tree, Irish strawberry, Arbutus unedo

small evergreen European shrubby tree bearing many-seeded scarlet berries that are edible but bland; of Ireland, southern Europe, Asia Minor

bearberry

chiefly evergreen subshrubs of northern to arctic areas

Arctostaphylos, genus Arctostaphylos

bearberry; manzanita

common bearberry, red bearberry, wild cranberry, mealberry, hog cranberry, sandberry, mountain box, bear's grape, creashak, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi

evergreen mat-forming shrub of North America and northern Eurasia having small white flowers and red berries; leaves turn red in autumn

manzanita

chiefly evergreen shrubs of warm dry areas of western North America

alpine bearberry, black bearberry, Arctostaphylos alpina

deciduous creeping shrub bright red in autumn having black or blue-black berries; alpine and circumpolar

heartleaf manzanita, Arctostaphylos andersonii

erect California shrub having leaves with heart-shaped lobes at the base

downy manzanita, woolly manzanita, Arctostaphylos tomentosa

erect openly branched California shrub whose twigs are woolly when young

Parry manzanita, Arctostaphylos manzanita

erect treelike shrub forming dense thickets and having drooping panicles of white or pink flowers and red berrylike drupes; California

spike heath, Bruckenthalia spiculifolia

small evergreen mat-forming shrub of southern Europe and Asia Minor having stiff stems and terminal clusters of small bell-shaped flowers

Bruckenthalia, genus Bruckenthalia

1 species: spike heath

genus Bryanthus

1 genus; allied to and once included in genus Phyllodoce

heather, ling, Scots heather, broom, Calluna vulgaris

common Old World heath represented by many varieties; low evergreen grown widely in the northern hemisphere

bryanthus

procumblent Old World mat-forming evergreen shrub with racemes of pinkish-white 4-parted flowers

Calluna, genus Calluna

one species

leatherleaf, Chamaedaphne calyculata

north temperate bog shrub with evergreen leathery leaves and small white cylindrical flowers

Cassiope, genus Cassiope

low tufted evergreen shrubs of colder parts of north temperate regions having mosslike foliage and nodding white or pink flowers

white heather, Cassiope mertensiana

heath of mountains of western United States having bell-shaped white flowers

Chamaedaphne, genus Chamaedaphne

1 species: leatherleaf

Daboecia, genus Daboecia

a dicotyledonous genus of the family Ericaceae

Connemara heath, St. Dabeoc's heath, Daboecia cantabrica

low straggling evergreen shrub of western Europe represented by several varieties with flowers from white to rose-purple

Epigaea, genus Epigaea

small creeping evergreen shrubs: trailing arbutus

trailing arbutus, mayflower, Epigaea repens

low-growing evergreen shrub of eastern North America with leathery leaves and clusters of fragrant pink or white flowers

Gaultheria, genus Gaultheria

widely distributed genus of creeping or upright evergreen shrubs

creeping snowberry, moxie plum, maidenhair berry, Gaultheria hispidula

slow-growing procumbent evergreen shrublet of northern North America and Japan having white flowers and numerous white fleshy rough-hairy seeds

teaberry, wintergreen, checkerberry, mountain tea, groundberry, creeping wintergreen, Gaultheria procumbens

creeping shrub of eastern North America having white bell-shaped flowers followed by spicy red berrylike fruit and shiny aromatic leaves that yield wintergreen oil

salal, shallon, Gaultheria shallon

small evergreen shrub of Pacific coast of North America having edible dark purple grape-size berries

Gaylussacia, genus Gaylussacia

deciduous or evergreen shrubs of North America: black huckleberries

black huckleberry, Gaylussacia baccata

low shrub of the eastern United States bearing shiny black edible fruit; best known of the huckleberries

huckleberry

any of several shrubs of the genus Gaylussacia bearing small berries resembling blueberries

dangleberry, Gaylussacia frondosa

huckleberry of the eastern United States with pink flowers and sweet blue fruit

box huckleberry, Gaylussacia brachycera

creeping evergreen shrub of southeastern United States having small shiny boxlike leaves and flavorless berries

genus Kalmia

erect evergreen shrubs: mountain laurel

mountain laurel, wood laurel, American laurel, calico bush, Kalmia latifolia

a North American evergreen shrub having glossy leaves and white or rose-colored flowers

kalmia

any plant of the genus Kalmia

swamp laurel, bog laurel, bog kalmia, Kalmia polifolia

laurel of bogs of northwestern United States having small purple flowers and pale leaves that are glaucous beneath

sheep laurel, pig laurel, lambkill, Kalmia angustifolia

North American dwarf shrub resembling mountain laurel but having narrower leaves and small red flowers; poisonous to young stock

Ledum, genus Ledum

evergreen shrubs of north temperate regions

Labrador tea, crystal tea, Ledum groenlandicum

evergreen shrub of eastern North America having white or creamy bell-shaped flowers and dark green hairy leaves used for tea during American Revolution

wild rosemary, marsh tea, Ledum palustre

bog shrub of northern and central Europe and eastern Siberia to Korea and Japan

trapper's tea, glandular Labrador tea

Rocky Mt. shrub similar to Ledum groenlandicum

sand myrtle, Leiophyllum buxifolium

low-growing evergreen shrub of New Jersey to Florida grown for its many white star-shaped flowers and glossy foliage

Leiophyllum, genus Leiophyllum

1 species: sand myrtle

alpine azalea, mountain azalea, Loiseleuria procumbens

creeping mat-forming evergreen shrub of high mountain regions of northern hemisphere grown for its rose-pink flowers

genus Leucothoe

American and Asiatic deciduous and evergreen shrubs

leucothoe

any plant of the genus Leucothoe; grown for their beautiful white flowers; glossy foliage contains a poisonous substance similar to that found in genus Kalmia

dog laurel, dog hobble, switch-ivy, Leucothoe fontanesiana, Leucothoe editorum

fast-growing evergreen shrub of southeastern United States having arching interlaced branches and racemes of white flowers

sweet bells, Leucothoe racemosa

bushy deciduous shrub of the eastern United States with long racemes of pinkish flowers

Loiseleuria, genus Loiseleuria

1 species: alpine azalea

Lyonia, genus Lyonia

evergreen or deciduous shrubs or small trees of United States to Antilles and eastern Asia to the Himalaya

maleberry, male berry, privet andromeda, he-huckleberry, Lyonia ligustrina

deciduous much-branched shrub with dense downy panicles of small bell-shaped white flowers

staggerbush, stagger bush, Lyonia mariana

deciduous shrub of coastal plain of the eastern United States having nodding pinkish-white flowers; poisonous to stock

fetterbush, fetter bush, shiny lyonia, Lyonia lucida

showy evergreen shrub of southeastern United States with shiny leaves and angled branches and umbel-like clusters of pink to reddish flowers

Menziesia, genus Menziesia

deciduous shrubs of North America and eastern Asia

false azalea, fool's huckleberry, Menziesia ferruginea

straggling shrub of northwestern North America having foliage with a bluish tinge and umbels of small bell-shaped flowers

sorrel tree, sourwood, titi, Oxydendrum arboreum

deciduous shrubby tree of eastern North America having deeply fissured bark and sprays of small fragrant white flowers and sour-tasting leaves

minniebush, minnie bush, Menziesia pilosa

low shrub of the eastern United States with downy twigs

Oxydendrum, genus Oxydendrum

sourwood

mountain heath, Phyllodoce caerulea, Bryanthus taxifolius

small shrub with tiny evergreen leaves and pink or purple flowers; Alpine summits and high ground in Asia and Europe and United States

Phyllodoce, genus Phyllodoce

small genus of evergreen arctic and alpine shrubs

purple heather, Brewer's mountain heather, Phyllodoce breweri

semi-prostrate evergreen herb of western United States

Pieris, genus Pieris

decorative evergreen shrubs of woody vines

andromeda, Japanese andromeda, lily-of-the-valley tree, Pieris japonica

broad-leaved evergreen Asiatic shrub with glossy leaves and drooping clusters of white flowers

fetterbush, mountain fetterbush, mountain andromeda, Pieris floribunda

ornamental evergreen shrub of southeastern United States having small white bell-shaped flowers

genus Rhododendron

large genus of evergreen shrubs native to cooler regions of the northern hemisphere having showy flowers

rhododendron

any shrub of the genus Rhododendron: evergreen shrubs or small shrubby trees having leathery leaves and showy clusters of campanulate (bell-shaped) flowers

coast rhododendron, Rhododendron californicum

medium-sized rhododendron of Pacific coast of North America having large rosy brown-spotted flowers

rosebay, Rhododendron maxima

late-spring-blooming rhododendron of eastern North America having rosy to pink-purple flowers

swamp azalea, swamp honeysuckle, white honeysuckle, Rhododendron viscosum

shrub growing in swamps throughout the eastern United States and having small white to pinkish honeysucklelike flowers

subgenus Azalea, Azaleastrum, subgenus Azaleastrum

group of evergreen or deciduous shrubs formerly considered a separate genus; now included in the genus Rhododendron

cranberry

any of numerous shrubs of genus_Vaccinium bearing cranberries

azalea

any of numerous ornamental shrubs grown for their showy flowers of various colors

Vaccinium, genus Vaccinium

evergreen or deciduous berry-bearing shrubs of northern hemisphere: cranberries; blueberries

European cranberry, small cranberry, Vaccinium oxycoccus

small red-fruited trailing cranberry of Arctic and cool regions of the northern hemisphere

American cranberry, large cranberry, Vaccinium macrocarpon

trailing red-fruited plant

farkleberry, sparkleberry, Vaccinium arboreum

shrub or small tree of eastern United States having black inedible berries

blueberry, blueberry bush

any of numerous shrubs of the genus Vaccinium bearing blueberries

huckleberry

any of various dark-fruited as distinguished from blue-fruited blueberries

dwarf bilberry, dwarf blueberry, Vaccinium caespitosum

low-growing tufted deciduous shrub of northern and alpine North America having pink to coral-red flowers followed by sweet blue berries

low-bush blueberry, low blueberry, Vaccinium angustifolium, Vaccinium pennsylvanicum

low-growing deciduous shrub of northeastern North America having flowers in compact racemes and bearing sweet dark blue berries

rabbiteye blueberry, rabbit-eye blueberry, rabbiteye, Vaccinium ashei

shrub of southeastern United States grown commercially especially for canning industry

high-bush blueberry, tall bilberry, swamp blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum

high-growing deciduous shrub of eastern North America bearing edible blueish to blackish berries with a distinct bloom; source of most cultivated blueberries

evergreen blueberry, Vaccinium myrsinites

shrub of the eastern United States having shining evergreen leaves and bluish-black fruit

evergreen huckleberry, Vaccinium ovatum

stiff bushy evergreen shrub of western North America having sour black berries and glossy green foliage used in floral arrangements

bilberry, thin-leaved bilberry, mountain blue berry, Viccinium membranaceum

erect blueberry of western United States having solitary flowers and somewhat sour berries

bilberry, whortleberry, whinberry, blaeberry, Viccinium myrtillus

erect European blueberry having solitary flowers and blue-black berries

bog bilberry, bog whortleberry, moorberry, Vaccinium uliginosum alpinum

an evergreen shrub with leathery leaves

dryland blueberry, dryland berry, Vaccinium pallidum

low deciduous shrub of the eastern United States bearing dark blue sweet berries

grouseberry, grous whortleberry, Vaccinium scoparium

shrub of northwestern North America bearing red berries

Clethra, genus Clethra

type and sole genus of the Clethraceae; deciduous shrubs or small trees: white_alder, summer-sweet

deerberry, squaw huckleberry, Vaccinium stamineum

small branching blueberry common in marshy areas of the eastern United States having greenish or yellowish unpalatable berries reputedly eaten by deer

cowberry, mountain cranberry, lingonberry, lingenberry, lingberry, foxberry, Vaccinium vitis-idaea

low evergreen shrub of high north temperate regions of Europe and Asia and America bearing red edible berries

Clethraceae, family Clethraceae, white-alder family

coextensive with the genus Clethra

sweet pepperbush, pepper bush, summer sweet, white alder, Clethra alnifolia

shrub of eastern and southern coastal United States having beautiful racemes of spice-scented white flowers

Diapensiaceae, family Diapensiaceae, diapensia family

north temperate low evergreen plants; in some classifications placed in its own order Diapensiales

Diapensiales, order Diapensiales

used in some classifications: coextensive with family Diapensiaceae

diapensia

any boreal low-growing evergreen plant of the genus Diapensia

genus Diapensia

type genus of Diapensiaceae

genus Galax

evergreen herbs of southeastern United States

galax, galaxy, cold's foot, wandflower, beetleweed, Galax urceolata

tufted evergreen perennial herb having spikes of tiny white flowers and glossy green round to heart-shaped leaves that become coppery to maroon or purplish in fall

Pyxidanthera, genus Pyxidanthera

1 species: pyxie; the eastern United States

pyxie, pixie, pixy, Pyxidanthera barbulata

creeping evergreen shrub having narrow overlapping leaves and early white star-shaped flowers; of pine barrens of NJ and the Carolinas

genus Shortia

evergreen perennial herbs of North America and eastern Asia: oconee bells

shortia

any plant of the genus Shortia; evergreen perennial herbs with smooth leathery basal leaves and showy white solitary flowers

genus Epacris

type genus of the Epacridaceae: Australian heath

oconee bells, Shortia galacifolia

plant of southeastern United States having solitary white funnel-shaped flowers flushed with pink and large glossy green leaves that turn bronze-red in fall

Epacridaceae, family Epacridaceae, epacris family

Australasian shrubs or small trees

Australian heath

any heathlike plant of the family Epacridaceae; most are of the Australian region

epacris

any heathlike evergreen shrub of the genus Epacris grown for their showy and crowded spikes of small bell-shaped or tubular flowers

Astroloma, genus Astroloma

evergreen shrubs of Australia and Tasmania

common heath, Epacris impressa

spindly upright shrub of southern Australia and Tasmania having white to rose or purple-red flowers

common heath, blunt-leaf heath, Epacris obtusifolia

small erect shrub of Australia and Tasmania with fragrant ivory flowers

Port Jackson heath, Epacris purpurascens

small shrub of southern and western Australia having pinkish to rosy purple tubular flowers

native cranberry, groundberry, cranberry heath, Astroloma humifusum, Styphelia humifusum

small prostrate or ascending shrub having scarlet flowers and thin-fleshed succulent fruit resembling cranberries; sometimes place in genus Styphelia

Richea, genus Richea

evergreen trees or shrubs of mountains of Australia and Tasmania

Australian grass tree, Richea dracophylla

stout Australian shrub with narrow leaves crowded at ends of branches and terminal clusters of white or pink flowers

pink fivecorner, Styphelia triflora

heathlike shrub of southwestern Australia grown for its sharply scented foliage and pink flowers followed by pentagonal fruit

tree heath, grass tree, Richea pandanifolia

gaunt Tasmanian evergreen shrubby tree with slender tapering leaves 3 to 5 feet long

Styphelia, genus Styphelia

Australian heathlike shrubs

Lennoaceae, family Lennoaceae

family of fleshy parasitic herbs lacking green foliage and having heads of small flowers; California and Mexico

Pyrolaceae, family Pyrolaceae, wintergreen family

evergreen herbs of temperate regions: genera Pyrola; Chimaphila; Moneses; Orthilia

genus Pyrola

short-stemmed perennial herbs of cool or temperate regions: wintergreen; shinleaf

false wintergreen, Pyrola americana, Pyrola rotundifolia americana

evergreen of eastern North America with leathery leaves and numerous white flowers

wintergreen, pyrola

any of several evergreen perennials of the genus Pyrola

wild lily of the valley, shinleaf, Pyrola elliptica

North American evergreen with small pinkish bell-shaped flowers and oblong leaves used formerly for shinplasters

lesser wintergreen, Pyrola minor

the common wintergreen having many-flowered racemes of pink-tinged white flowers; Europe and North America

wild lily of the valley, Pyrola rotundifolia

evergreen with rounded leaves and very fragrant creamy-white flowers; widely distributed in northern parts of Old and New Worlds

love-in-winter, western prince's pine, Chimaphila umbellata, Chimaphila corymbosa

Eurasian herb with white or pinkish flowers in a terminal corymb

Chimaphila, genus Chimaphila

small genus of evergreen herbs with long creeping rootstocks and shining leaves; North America; Europe; east Asia

pipsissewa, prince's pine

any of several plants of the genus Chimaphila

Moneses, genus Moneses

1 species: one-flowered wintergreen; sometimes included in genus Pyrola

one-flowered wintergreen, one-flowered pyrola, Moneses uniflora, Pyrola uniflora

delicate evergreen dwarf herb of north temperate regions having a solitary white terminal flower; sometimes placed in genus Pyrola

Monotropa, genus Monotropa

leafless fleshy saprophytic plants; in some classifications placed in the family_Pyrolaceae

Monotropaceae, family Monotropaceae

used in some classification for saprophytic herbs sometimes included in the family Pyrolaceae: genera Monotropa and Sarcodes

Hypopitys, genus Hypopitys

term used in some classifications for the pinesaps, which are usually included in the genus Monotropa

Indian pipe, waxflowerl, Monotropa uniflora

small waxy white or pinkish-white saprophytic woodland plant having scalelike leaves and a nodding flower; turns black with age

snow plant, Sarcodes sanguinea

a fleshy bright red saprophytic plant of the mountains of western North America that appears in early spring while snow is on the ground

pinesap, false beachdrops, Monotropa hypopithys

fleshy tawny or reddish saprophytic herb resembling the Indian pipe and growing in woodland humus of eastern North America; in some classifications placed in a separate genus Hypopitys

Sarcodes, genus Sarcodes

snow_plant; in some classifications placed in family Pyrolaceae

Fagaceae, family Fagaceae, beech family

chiefly monoecious trees and shrubs: beeches; chestnuts; oaks; genera Castanea; Castanopsis; Chrysolepis; Fagus; Lithocarpus; Nothofagus; Quercus

Fagales, order Fagales

an order of dicotyledonous trees of the subclass Hamamelidae

beech, beech tree

any of several large deciduous trees with rounded spreading crowns and smooth gray bark and small sweet edible triangular nuts enclosed in burs; north temperate regions

Fagus, genus Fagus

beeches

common beech, European beech, Fagus sylvatica

large European beech with minutely-toothed leaves; widely planted as an ornamental in North America

beech, beechwood

wood of any of various beech trees; used for flooring and containers and plywood and tool handles

copper beech, purple beech, Fagus sylvatica atropunicea, Fagus purpurea, Fagus sylvatica purpurea

variety of European beech with shining purple or copper-colored leaves

weeping beech, Fagus pendula, Fagus sylvatica pendula

variety of European beech with pendulous limbs

American beech, white beech, red beech, Fagus grandifolia, Fagus americana

North American forest tree with light green leaves and edible nuts

chestnut

wood of any of various chestnut trees of the genus Castanea

Japanese beech

a beech native to Japan having soft light yellowish-brown wood

Castanea, genus Castanea

chestnuts; chinkapins

chestnut, chestnut tree

any of several attractive deciduous trees yellow-brown in autumn; yield a hard wood and edible nuts in a prickly bur

American chestnut, American sweet chestnut, Castanea dentata

large tree found from Maine to Alabama

European chestnut, sweet chestnut, Spanish chestnut, Castanea sativa

wild or cultivated throughout southern Europe, northwestern Africa and southwestern Asia

Chinese chestnut, Castanea mollissima

a small tree with small sweet nuts; wild or naturalized in Korea and China

Japanese chestnut, Castanea crenata

spreading short-trunked tree of Japan

Allegheny chinkapin, eastern chinquapin, chinquapin, dwarf chestnut, Castanea pumila

shrubby chestnut tree of southeastern United States having small edible nuts

Castanopsis, genus Castanopsis

evergreen trees and shrubs of warm regions valued for their foliage; southeastern United States and eastern Australia and northern New Zealand

Ozark chinkapin, Ozark chinquapin, chinquapin, Castanea ozarkensis

shrubby tree closely related to the Allegheny chinkapin but with larger leaves; southern midwest United States

giant chinkapin, golden chinkapin, Chrysolepis chrysophylla, Castanea chrysophylla, Castanopsis chrysophylla

small ornamental evergreen tree of Pacific Coast whose glossy yellow-green leaves are yellow beneath; bears edible nuts

oak chestnut

a tree of the genus Castanopsis

Chrysolepis, genus Chrysolepis

two species: golden chinkapins

tanbark oak, Lithocarpus densiflorus

evergreen oak of the Pacific coast area having large leathery leaves; yields tanbark

dwarf golden chinkapin, Chrysolepis sempervirens

evergreen shrub similar to golden chinkapin; mountains of California

Lithocarpus, genus Lithocarpus

tanbark oaks

Japanese oak, Lithocarpus glabra, Lithocarpus glaber

small evergreen tree of China and Japan

tanbark

bark rich in tannin; bruised and cut in pieces to use for tanning; spent tanbark used as a ground covering

Nothofagus, genus Nothofagus

beeches of temperate southern hemisphere except Africa: southern beech

southern beech, evergreen beech

any of various beeches of the southern hemisphere having small usually evergreen leaves

Coigue, Nothofagus dombeyi

Chilean evergreen whose leafy boughs are used for thatching

myrtle beech, Nothofagus cuninghamii

large evergreen tree of Tasmania

New-Zealand beech

any of several tall New Zealand trees of the genus Nothofagus; some yield useful timber

silver beech, Nothofagus menziesii

New Zealand beech with usually pale silvery bark

rauli beech, Nothofagus procera

large Chilean timber tree yielding coarse lumber

roble beech, Nothofagus obliqua

tall deciduous South American tree

black beech, Nothofagus solanderi

New Zealand forest tree

hard beech, Nothofagus truncata

tall New Zealand tree yielding very hard wood

oak, oak tree

a deciduous tree of the genus Quercus; has acorns and lobed leaves; "great oaks grow from little acorns"

Quercus, genus Quercus

oaks

live oak

any of several American evergreen oaks

American white oak, Quercus alba

large slow-growing deciduous tree of the eastern United States having stout spreading branches and leaves with usually 7 rounded lobes; yields strong and durable hard wood

coast live oak, California live oak, Quercus agrifolia

highly variable often shrubby evergreen oak of coastal zone of western North America having small thick usually spiny-toothed dark-green leaves

white oak

any of numerous Old World and American oaks having 6 to 8 stamens in each floret, acorns that mature in one year and leaf veins that never extend beyond the margin of the leaf

Arizona white oak, Quercus arizonica

semi-evergreen shrub or small tree of Arizona and New Mexico having acorns with hemispherical cups

canyon oak, canyon live oak, maul oak, iron oak, Quercus chrysolepis

medium-sized evergreen of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico with oblong leathery often spiny-edged leaves

swamp white oak, swamp oak, Quercus bicolor

large flaky-barked deciduous oak of the eastern United States with leaves having fewer lobes than other white oaks; yields heavy strong wood used in construction; thrives in wet soil

European turkey oak, turkey oak, Quercus cerris

large deciduous tree of central and southern Europe and Asia Minor having oblong-lanceolate leaves with spiked lobes

scarlet oak, Quercus coccinea

medium-large thick-trunked deciduous tree of the eastern United States and southern Canada having close-grained wood and deeply 7-lobed leaves turning scarlet in autumn

jack oak, northern pin oak, Quercus ellipsoidalis

small to medium deciduous oak of east central North America; leaves have sharply pointed lobes

red oak

any of numerous American oaks having 4 stamens in each floret, acorns requiring two years to mature and leaf veins usually extending beyond the leaf margin to form points or bristles

southern red oak, swamp red oak, turkey oak, Quercus falcata

large round-topped deciduous tree with spreading branches having narrow falcate leaves with deeply sinuate lobes and wood similar to that of northern red oaks; New Jersey to Illinois and southward

Oregon white oak, Oregon oak, Garry oak, Quercus garryana

small deciduous tree of western North America with crooked branches and pale gray bark

holm oak, holm tree, holly-leaved oak, evergreen oak, Quercus ilex

evergreen oak of southern Europe having leaves somewhat resembling those of holly; yields a hard wood

bear oak, Quercus ilicifolia

shrubby oak of southeastern United States usually forming dense thickets

shingle oak, laurel oak, Quercus imbricaria

small deciduous tree of eastern and central United States having shining laurel-like leaves; wood used in western states for shingles

bluejack oak, turkey oak, Quercus incana

small semi-evergreen shrubby tree of southeastern United States having hairy young branchlets and leaves narrowing to a slender bristly point

American turkey oak, turkey oak, Quercus laevis

small slow-growing deciduous shrubby tree of dry sandy barrens of southeastern United States having leaves with bristle-tipped lobes resembling turkey's toes

California black oak, Quercus kelloggii

large deciduous tree of the Pacific coast having deeply parted bristle-tipped leaves

California white oak, valley oak, valley white oak, roble, Quercus lobata

tall graceful deciduous California oak having leathery leaves and slender pointed acorns

laurel oak, pin oak, Quercus laurifolia

large nearly semi-evergreen oak of southeastern United States; thrives in damp soil

overcup oak, Quercus lyrata

medium-large deciduous timber tree of central and southern United States; acorns deeply immersed in the cup and mature in first year

bur oak, burr oak, mossy-cup oak, mossycup oak, Quercus macrocarpa

medium to large deciduous oak of central and eastern North America with ovoid acorns deeply immersed in large fringed cups; yields tough close-grained wood

scrub oak

any of various chiefly American small shrubby oaks often a dominant form on thin dry soils sometimes forming dense thickets

blackjack oak, blackjack, jack oak, Quercus marilandica

a common scrubby deciduous tree of central and southeastern United States having dark bark and broad 3-lobed (club-shaped) leaves; tends to form dense thickets

swamp chestnut oak, Quercus michauxii

medium to large deciduous tree of moist areas of southeastern United States similar to the basket oak

Japanese oak, Quercus mongolica, Quercus grosseserrata

oak with moderately light fine-grained wood; Japan

chestnut oak

an oak having leaves resembling those of chestnut trees

chinquapin oak, chinkapin oak, yellow chestnut oak, Quercus muehlenbergii

medium-sized deciduous tree of the eastern United States that yields a strong durable wood

basket oak, cow oak, Quercus prinus, Quercus montana

medium to large deciduous tree of the eastern United States; its durable wood is used as timber or split and woven into baskets or chair seats

myrtle oak, seaside scrub oak, Quercus myrtifolia

small evergreen shrub or tree of southeastern United States; often forms almost impenetrable thickets in sandy coastal areas

water oak, possum oak, Quercus nigra

relatively tall deciduous water oak of southeastern United States often cultivated as a shade tree; thrives in wet soil

Nuttall oak, Nuttall's oak, Quercus nuttalli

similar to the pin oak; grows in damp sites in Mississippi River basin

durmast, Quercus petraea, Quercus sessiliflora

deciduous European oak valued for its tough elastic wood

pin oak, swamp oak, Quercus palustris

fast-growing medium to large pyramidal deciduous tree of northeastern United States and southeastern Canada having deeply pinnatifid leaves that turn bright red in autumn; thrives in damp soil

willow oak, Quercus phellos

medium to large deciduous oak of the eastern United States having long lanceolate leaves and soft strong wood

dwarf chinkapin oak, dwarf chinquapin oak, dwarf oak, Quercus prinoides

deciduous shrubby tree of northeastern and central United States having a sweet edible nut and often forming dense thickets

common oak, English oak, pedunculate oak, Quercus robur

medium to large deciduous European oak having smooth leaves with rounded lobes; yields hard strong light-colored wood

northern red oak, Quercus rubra, Quercus borealis

large symmetrical deciduous tree with rounded crown widely distributed in eastern North America; has large leaves with triangular spiny tipped lobes and coarse-grained wood less durable than that of white oaks

post oak, box white oak, brash oak, iron oak, Quercus stellata

small deciduous tree of eastern and central United States having dark green lyrate pinnatifid leaves and tough moisture-resistant wood used especially for fence posts

Shumard oak, Shumard red oak, Quercus shumardii

large deciduous red oak of southern and eastern United States having large 7- to 9-lobed elliptical leaves, large acorns and medium hard coarse-grained wood

cork oak, Quercus suber

medium-sized evergreen oak of southern Europe and northern Africa having thick corky bark that is periodically stripped to yield commercial cork

Spanish oak, Quercus texana

small deciduous tree having the trunk branched almost from the base with spreading branches; Texas and southern Oklahoma

huckleberry oak, Quercus vaccinifolia

a low spreading or prostrate shrub of southwestern United States with small acorns and leaves resembling those of the huckleberry

Chinese cork oak, Quercus variabilis

medium to large deciduous tree of China, Japan, and Korea having thick corky bark

black oak, yellow oak, quercitron, quercitron oak, Quercus velutina

medium to large deciduous timber tree of the eastern United States and southeastern Canada having dark outer bark and yellow inner bark used for tanning; broad 5-lobed leaves are bristle-tipped

southern live oak, Quercus virginiana

medium-sized evergreen native to eastern North America to the east coast of Mexico; often cultivated as shade tree for it wide-spreading crown; extremely hard tough durable wood once used in shipbuilding

interior live oak, Quercus wislizenii, Quercus wizlizenii

medium-small shrubby evergreen tree of western North America similar to the coast live oak but occurring chiefly in foothills of mountain ranges removed from the coast; an important part of the chaparral

Betulaceae, family Betulaceae, birch family

monoecious trees and shrubs (including the genera Betula and Alnus and Carpinus and Corylus and Ostrya and Ostryopsis)

Betula, genus Betula

a genus of trees of the family Betulaceae (such as birches)

birch, birch tree

any betulaceous tree or shrub of the genus Betula having a thin peeling bark

yellow birch, Betula alleghaniensis, Betula leutea

tree of eastern North America with thin lustrous yellow or gray bark

American white birch, paper birch, canoe birch, Betula cordifolia, Betula papyrifera

small American birch with peeling white bark often worked into e.g. baskets or toy canoes

gray birch, American gray birch, Betula populifolia

medium-sized birch of eastern North America having white or pale gray bark and valueless wood; occurs often as a second-browth forest tree

silver birch, common birch, European white birch, Betula pendula

European birch with silvery white peeling bark and markedly drooping branches

downy birch, white birch, Betula pubescens

European birch with dull white to pale brown bark and somewhat drooping hairy branches

sweet birch, cherry birch, black birch, Betula lenta

common birch of the eastern United States having spicy brown bark yielding a volatile oil and hard dark wood used for furniture

black birch, river birch, red birch, Betula nigra

birch of swamps and river bottoms throughout the eastern United States having reddish-brown bark

Yukon white birch, Betula neoalaskana

Alaskan birch with white to pale brown bark

swamp birch, water birch, mountain birch, Western paper birch, Western birch, Betula fontinalis

birch of western United States resembling the paper birch but having brownish bark

Newfoundland dwarf birch, American dwarf birch, Betula glandulosa

small shrub of colder parts of North America and Greenland

alder, alder tree

north temperate shrubs or trees having toothed leaves and conelike fruit; bark is used in tanning and dyeing and the rot-resistant wood

Alnus, genus Alnus

alders

gray alder, Alnus incana

native to Europe but introduced in America

alder

wood of any of various alder trees; resistant to underwater rot; used for bridges etc

common alder, European black alder, Alnus glutinosa, Alnus vulgaris

medium-sized tree with brown-black bark and woody fruiting catkins; leaves are hairy beneath

red alder, Oregon alder, Alnus rubra

large tree of Pacific coast of North America having hard red wood much used for furniture

seaside alder, Alnus maritima

shrub or small tree of southeastern United States having soft light brown wood

white alder, mountain alder, Alnus rhombifolia

tree of western United States

speckled alder, Alnus rugosa

common shrub of Canada and northeastern United States having shoots scattered with rust-colored down

smooth alder, hazel alder, Alnus serrulata

common shrub of the eastern United States with smooth bark

green alder, Alnus veridis

shrub of mountainous areas of Europe

green alder, Alnus veridis crispa, Alnus crispa

North American shrub with light green leaves and winged nuts

Carpinaceae, subfamily Carpinaceae, family Carpinaceae

used in some classification systems for the genera Carpinus; Ostryopsis; and Ostryopsis

Carpinus, genus Carpinus

mostly deciduous monoecious trees or shrubs: hornbeams; sometimes placed in subfamily Carpinaceae

European hornbeam, Carpinus betulus

medium-sized Old World tree with smooth gray bark and beech-like leaves that turn yellow-orange in autumn

hornbeam

any of several trees or shrubs of the genus Carpinus

American hornbeam, Carpinus caroliniana

tree or large shrub with gray bark and blue-green leaves that turn red-orange in autumn

Ostrya, genus Ostrya

deciduous monoecious trees of Europe and Asia and America; sometimes placed in subfamily or family Carpinaceae

hop hornbeam

any of several trees resembling hornbeams with fruiting clusters resembling hops

Old World hop hornbeam, Ostrya carpinifolia

medium-sized hop hornbeam of southern Europe and Asia Minor

Eastern hop hornbeam, ironwood, ironwood tree, Ostrya virginiana

medium-sized hop hornbeam of eastern North America

Ostryopsis, genus Ostryopsis

deciduous monoecious shrubs of China and Mongolia resembling trees of the genus Ostrya; sometimes placed in subfamily or family Carpinaceae

Corylaceae, subfamily Corylaceae, family Corylaceae

used in some classification systems for the genus Corylus

Corylus, genus Corylus

deciduous monoecious nut-bearing shrubs of small trees: hazel; sometimes placed in the subfamily or family Corylaceae

American hazel, Corylus americana

nut-bearing shrub of eastern North America

hazelnut, hazel, hazelnut tree

any of several shrubs or small trees of the genus Corylus bearing edible nuts enclosed in a leafy husk

cobnut, filbert, Corylus avellana, Corylus avellana grandis

small nut-bearing tree much grown in Europe

Gentianaceae, family Gentianaceae, gentian family

chiefly herbaceous plants with showy flowers; some are cultivated as ornamentals

beaked hazelnut, Corylus cornuta

hazel of western United States with conspicuous beaklike involucres on the nuts

Gentianales, order Gentianales

Gentianaceae; Apocyanaceae; Asclepiadaceae; Loganiaceae; Oleaceae; Salvadoraceae

Centaurium, genus Centaurium

genus of low-growing herbs mostly of northern hemisphere having flowers with protruding spirally twisted anthers

rosita, Centaurium calycosum

erect plant with small clusters of pink trumpet-shaped flowers of southwestern United States

centaury

any of various plants of the genus Centaurium

lesser centaury, Centaurium minus

common European glabrous annual centaury with flowers in dense cymes

tufted centaury, Centaurium scilloides

tufted perennial of western Europe and Azores having bright pink to white flowers

seaside centaury

a variety of centaury found at the seaside

broad leaved centaury

a variety of centaury with broad leaves

Eustoma, genus Eustoma

small genus of herbs of warm regions of southern North America to northern South America

slender centaury

a slender variety of centaury

Exacum, genus Exacum

genus of tropical Asiatic and African plants: especially Persian violets

prairie gentian, tulip gentian, bluebell, Eustoma grandiflorum

one of the most handsome prairie wildflowers laving large erect bell-shaped bluish flowers; of moist places in prairies and fields from eastern Colorado and Nebraska south to New Mexico and Texas

Persian violet, Exacum affine

perennial cultivated especially as a houseplant for its fragrant bluish to dark lavender flowers

Frasera, genus Frasera

genus of North American herbs: columbo; includes some species sometimes placed in genus Swertia

green gentian, Frasera speciosa, Swertia speciosa

tall herb with panicles of white flowers flushed with green; northwestern United States; sometimes placed in genus Swertia

columbo, American columbo, deer's-ear, deer's-ears, pyramid plant, American gentian

any of various tall perennial herbs constituting the genus Frasera; widely distributed in warm dry upland areas of the United States Pacific states

gentianella, Gentiana acaulis

low-growing alpine plant cultivated for its dark glossy green leaves in basal rosettes and showy solitary bell-shaped blue flowers

Gentiana, genus Gentiana

type genus of the Gentianaceae; cosmopolitan genus of herbs nearly cosmopolitan in cool temperate regions; in some classifications includes genera Gentianopsis and Gentianella

gentian

any of various plants of the family Gentianaceae especially the genera Gentiana and Gentianella and Gentianopsis

closed gentian, blind gentian, bottle gentian, Gentiana andrewsii

gentian of eastern North America having tubular blue or white flowers that open little if at all

explorer's gentian, Gentiana calycosa

tufted sometimes sprawling perennial with blue flowers spotted with green; western North America

closed gentian, blind gentian, Gentiana clausa

similar to Gentiana andrewsii but with larger flowers

great yellow gentian, Gentiana lutea

robust European perennial having clusters of yellow flowers

marsh gentian, calathian violet, Gentiana pneumonanthe

perennial Eurasian gentian with sky-blue funnel-shaped flowers of damp open heaths

striped gentian, Gentiana villosa

a perennial marsh ventian of eastern North America

soapwort gentian, Gentiana saponaria

erect perennial of wet woodlands of North America having leaves and flower buds resembling those of soapwort

Gentianella, genus Gentianella

genus of herbs with flowers that resemble gentian; in some classifications included in genus Gentiana

agueweed, ague weed, five-flowered gentian, stiff gentian, Gentianella quinquefolia, Gentiana quinquefolia

gentian of eastern North America having clusters of bristly blue flowers

felwort, gentianella amarella

gentian of Europe and China having creamy white flowers with fringed corollas

Gentianopsis crinita, Gentiana crinita

tall widely distributed fringed gentian of eastern North America having violet-blue or white fringed flowers

Gentianopsis, genus Gentianopsis

genus of fringed gentians; in some classifications included in genus Gentiana

fringed gentian

any of various herbs of the genus Gentianopsis having the margins of the corolla lobes fringed; sometimes included in genus Gentiana

Gentianopsis detonsa, Gentiana detonsa

medium-tall fringed gentian with pale-glue to blue-purple flowers; circumboreal in distribution

Gentianopsid procera, Gentiana procera

small blue-flowered fringed gentian of east central North America

spurred gentian

any of various plants of the genus Halenia having flowers with spurred lobes

Gentianopsis thermalis, Gentiana thermalis

small blue-flowered fringed gentian of western United States (Rocky Mountains) especially around hot springs in Yellowstone National Park

tufted gentian, Gentianopsis holopetala, Gentiana holopetala

small blue-flowered fringed gentian of Sierra Nevada mountains

Halenia, genus Halenia

genus of herbs of Eurasia and the Americas: spurred gentians

genus Sabbatia

genus of smooth slender North American herbs with showy flowers

rose pink, bitter floom, American centaury, Sabbatia Angularis

pink-flowered marsh plant of the eastern United States

sabbatia

any of various plants of the genus Sabbatia having usually pink cymose flowers; occur from acid bogs to brackish marshes

marsh pink, American centaury, Sabbatia stellaris

pink-flowered marsh plant of the eastern United States

prairia Sabbatia, Texas star, Sabbatia campestris

prairie herb with solitary lilac-colored flowers

Swertia, genus Swertia

genus of herbs of mountains of North America and Eurasia and Africa

marsh felwort, Swertia perennia

perennial of damp places in mountains of Eurasia and North America having dull-colored blue or violet flowers

Oleaceae, family Oleaceae, olive family

trees and shrubs having berries or drupes or capsules as fruits; sometimes placed in the order Oleales: olive; ash; jasmine; privet; lilac

Oleales, order Oleales

coextensive with the family Oleaceae; in some classifications included in the order Gentianales

Olea, genus Olea

evergreen trees and shrubs having oily one-seeded fruits

olive tree

a tree of the genus Olea cultivated for its fruit

olive

hard yellow often variegated wood of an olive tree; used in cabinetwork

olive, European olive tree, Olea europaea

evergreen tree cultivated in the Mediterranean region since antiquity and now elsewhere; has edible shiny black fruits

black maire, Olea cunninghamii

northern Zealand tree having dense hard light-brown wood

white maire, Olea lanceolata

small New Zealand tree having red pulpy one-seeded fruit

Chionanthus, genus Chionanthus

deciduous trees or shrubs: fringe tree

fringe tree

any of various small decorative flowering trees or shrubs of the genus Chionanthus

fringe bush, Chionanthus virginicus

small bushy tree of southeastern United States having profuse clusters of white flowers

genus Forestiera

genus of often spiny American shrubs and trees

forsythia

any of various early blooming oleaceous shrubs of the genus Forsythia; native to eastern Asia and southern Europe but widely cultivated for their branches of bright yellow bell-shaped flowers

forestiera

any plant of the genus Forestiera

tanglebush, desert olive, Forestiera neomexicana

spiny branching deciduous shrub of southwestern United States having clusters of insignificant yellow-white flowers appearing before leaves followed by attractive black berrylike fruits

genus Forsythia

forsythia

ash, ash tree

any of various deciduous pinnate-leaved ornamental or timber trees of the genus Fraxinus

Fraxinus, genus Fraxinus

ash

white ash, Fraxinus Americana

spreading American ash with leaves pale green or silvery beneath and having hard brownish wood

swamp ash, Fraxinus caroliniana

small ash of swampy areas of southeastern United States

flowering ash, Fraxinus cuspidata

shrubby ash of southwestern United States having fragrant white flowers

European ash, common European ash, Fraxinus excelsior

tall ash of Europe to the Caucasus having leaves shiny dark-green above and pale downy beneath

flowering ash, Fraxinus dipetala

shrubby California ash with showy off-white flowers

Oregon ash, Fraxinus latifolia, Fraxinus oregona

timber tree of western North America yielding hard light wood; closely related to the red ash

black ash, basket ash, brown ash, hoop ash, Fraxinus nigra

vigorous spreading North American tree having dark brown heavy wood; leaves turn gold in autumn

manna ash, flowering ash, Fraxinus ornus

southern Mediterranean ash having fragrant white flowers in dense panicles and yielding manna

green ash, Fraxinus pennsylvanica subintegerrima

a variety of red ash having glossy branchlets and lower leaf surfaces

red ash, downy ash, Fraxinus pennsylvanica

smallish American tree with velvety branchlets and lower leaf surfaces

blue ash, Fraxinus quadrangulata

ash of central and southern United States with bluish-green foliage and hard brown wood

pumpkin ash, Fraxinus tomentosa

timber tree of central and southeastern United States having hairy branchlets and a swollen trunk base

mountain ash, Fraxinus texensis

low-growning ash of Texas

Arizona ash, Fraxinus velutina

small shrubby ash of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico

jasmine

any of several shrubs and vines of the genus Jasminum chiefly native to Asia

Jasminum, genus Jasminum

shrubs and woody climbers mostly of tropical and temperate Old World: jasmine; jessamine

winter jasmine, Jasminum nudiflorum

deciduous rambling shrub widely cultivated for its winter-blooming yellow flowers

primrose jasmine, Jasminum mesnyi

evergreen rambling yellow-flowered shrub of western China

Arabian jasmine, Jasminum sambac

East Indian evergreen vine cultivated for its profuse fragrant white flowers

common jasmine, true jasmine, jessamine, Jasminum officinale

tall-climbing deciduous shrub with fragrant white or yellow or red flowers used in perfume and to flavor tea

privet

any of various Old World shrubs having smooth entire leaves and terminal panicles of small white flowers followed by small black berries; many used for hedges

Ligustrum, genus Ligustrum

genus of Old World shrubs: privet

Amur privet, Ligustrum amurense

eastern Asian shrub cultivated especially for its persistent foliage

Japanese privet, Ligustrum japonicum

evergreen shrub of Japan and Korea having small dark leaves and flowers in loose panicles; related to but smaller than Chinese privet

ibolium privet, ibota privet, Ligustrum ibolium

fast-growing and tightly branched hybrid of Ligustrum ovalifolium and Ligustrum obtusifolium

Ligustrum obtusifolium

small deciduous shrub having graceful arching branches and luxuriant foliage

Chinese privet, white wax tree, Ligustrum lucidum

erect evergreen treelike shrub of China and Korea and Japan having acuminate leaves and flowers in long erect panicles; resembles Japanese privet

California privet, Ligustrum ovalifolium

semi-evergreen Japanese shrub having malodorous flowers; used extensively for hedges because more likely to stay green that common privet

Osmanthus, genus Osmanthus

widely distributed genus of evergreen shrubs or trees of southern United States and Middle East and China and Japan

common privet, Ligustrum vulgare

deciduous semi-evergreen shrub used for hedges

Phillyrea, genus Phillyrea

small genus of evergreen shrubs of the Mediterranean region

devilwood, American olive, Osmanthus americanus

small tree of southern United States having panicles of dull white flowers followed by dark purple fruits

mock privet

evergreen shrub with white flowers and olivelike fruits

Syringa, genus Syringa

genus of Old World shrubs or low trees having fragrant flowers in showy panicles: lilacs

lilac

any of various plants of the genus Syringa having large panicles of usually fragrant flowers

Himalayan lilac, Syringa emodi

robust upright shrub of mountains of northern India having oblong-eliptic leaves and pale lilac or white malodorous flowers

Hungarian lilac, Syringa josikaea, Syringa josikea

central European upright shrub having elliptic leaves and upright clusters of lilac or deep violet flowers

Persian lilac, Syringa persica

small densely branching Asiatic shrub having lanceolate leaves and panicles of fragrant lilac flowers

Japanese tree lilac, Syringa reticulata, Syringa amurensis japonica

small tree of Japan having narrow pointed leaves and creamy-white flowers

Japanese lilac, Syringa villosa

lilac of northern China having ovate leaves and profuse early summer rose-lilac flowers

common lilac, Syringa vulgaris

large European lilac naturalized in North America having heart-shaped ovate leaves and large panicles of highly fragrant lilac or white flowers

Haemodoraceae, family Haemodoraceae, bloodwort family

some genera placed in family Liliaceae

Anigozanthus, genus Anigozanthus

genus of monocotyledonous plants with curious woolly flowers on sturdy stems above a fan of sword-shaped leaves; includes kangaroo's paw and cat's paw and Australian sword lily; sometimes placed in family Amaryllidaceae

bloodwort

any of various plants of the family Haemodoraceae; roots contain a deep red coloring matter

Haemodorum, genus Haemodorum

type genus of family Haemodoraceae

kangaroo paw, kangaroo's-foot, kangaroo-foot plant, Australian sword lily, Anigozanthus manglesii

sedgelike spring-flowering herb having clustered flowers covered with woolly hairs; Australia

Hamamelidae, subclass Hamamelidae

a group of chiefly woody plants considered among the most primitive of angiosperms; perianth poorly developed or lacking; flowers often unisexual and often in catkins and often wind pollinated; contains 23 families including the Betulaceae and Fagaceae (includes the Amentiferae); sometimes classified as a superorder

Hamamelidanthum, genus Hamamelidanthum

genus of fossil plants of the Oligocene having flowers resembling those of the witch hazel; found in Baltic region

Amentiferae, group Amentiferae

used in some classification systems for plants that bear catkins

Hamamelites, genus Hamamelites

genus of fossil plants having leaves similar to those of the witch hazel

Hamamelidoxylon, genus Hamamelidoxylon

genus of fossil plants having wood identical with or similar to that of the witch hazel

Hamamelidaceae, family Hamamelidaceae, witch-hazel family

comprises genera Hamamelis; Corylopsis; Fothergilla; Liquidambar; Parrotia; other small genera

Hamamelis, genus Hamamelis

deciduous shrubs or small trees: witch hazel

Virginian witch hazel, Hamamelis virginiana

common shrub of eastern North America having small yellow flowers after the leaves have fallen

witch hazel

any of several shrubs or trees of the genus Hamamelis; bark yields an astringent lotion

winter hazel, flowering hazel

any of several Asiatic deciduous shrubs cultivated for their nodding racemes of yellow flowers that appear before the leaves

vernal witch hazel, Hamamelis vernalis

fragrant shrub of lower Mississippi valley having very small flowers from midwinter to spring

Corylopsis, genus Corylopsis

small genus of deciduous shrubs of temperate regions of Asia

genus Fothergilla

small genus of deciduous shrubs of the southeastern United States

fothergilla, witch alder

any of several deciduous low-growing shrubs of the genus Fothergilla having showy brushlike spikes of white flowers in spring and fiery red and orange autumn color; Alabama to Allegheny Mts

genus Liquidambar

sweet gum

liquidambar

any tree of the genus Liquidambar

sweet gum, sweet gum tree, bilsted, red gum, American sweet gum, Liquidambar styraciflua

a North American tree of the genus Liquidambar having prickly spherical fruit clusters and fragrant sap

Parrotiopsis, genus Parrotiopsis

1 species: deciduous tree of Himalaya

Parrotia, genus Parrotia

1 species: irontree

irontree, ironwood, ironwood tree

a small slow-growing deciduous tree of northern Iran having a low domed shape

Juglandales, order Juglandales

coextensive with the family Juglandaceae

walnut, walnut tree

any of various trees of the genus Juglans

Juglandaceae, family Juglandaceae, walnut family

trees having usually edible nuts: butternuts; walnuts; hickories; pecans

Juglans, genus Juglans

type genus of the Juglandaceae

California black walnut, Juglans californica

medium-sized tree with somewhat aromatic compound leaves and edible nuts

black walnut, black walnut tree, black hickory, Juglans nigra

North American walnut tree with hard dark wood and edible nut

butternut, butternut tree, white walnut, Juglans cinerea

North American walnut tree having light-brown wood and edible nuts; source of a light-brown dye

hickory, hickory tree

American hardwood tree bearing edible nuts

English walnut, English walnut tree, Circassian walnut, Persian walnut, Juglans regia

Eurasian walnut valued for its large edible nut and its hard richly figured wood; widely cultivated

Carya, genus Carya

genus of large deciduous nut-bearing trees; United States and China

water hickory, bitter pecan, water bitternut, Carya aquatica

hickory of southern United States having many narrow leaflets and rather bitter nuts

pignut, pignut hickory, brown hickory, black hickory, Carya glabra

an American hickory tree having bitter nuts

pecan, pecan tree, Carya illinoensis, Carya illinoinsis

tree of southern United States and Mexico cultivated for its nuts

bitternut, bitternut hickory, bitter hickory, bitter pignut, swamp hickory, Carya cordiformis

hickory of the eastern United States having a leaves with 7 or 9 leaflets and thin-shelled very bitter nuts

big shellbark, big shellbark hickory, big shagbark, king nut, king nut hickory, Carya laciniosa

hickory of the eastern United States resembling the shagbark but having a much larger nut

nutmeg hickory, Carya myristicaeformis, Carya myristiciformis

hickory of southern United States and Mexico having hard nutmeg-shaped nuts

wingnut

any tree of the genus Pterocarya; fruit is a small winged nutlet; Caucasus to southeastern Asia

shagbark, shagbark hickory, shellbark, shellbark hickory, Carya ovata

North American hickory having loose gray shaggy bark and edible nuts

mockernut, mockernut hickory, black hickory, white-heart hickory, big-bud hickory, Carya tomentosa

smooth-barked North American hickory with 7 to 9 leaflets bearing a hard-shelled edible nut

Pterocarya, genus Pterocarya

Asiatic nut trees: wingnuts

Caucasian walnut, Pterocarya fraxinifolia

medium-sized Caucasian much-branched tree distinguished from other walnut trees by its winged fruit

Myrtales, order Myrtales, Thymelaeales, order Thymelaeales

Myrtaceae; Combretaceae; Elaeagnaceae; Haloragidaceae; Melastomaceae; Lecythidaceae; Lythraceae; Rhizophoraceae; Onagraceae; Lecythidaceae; Punicaceae

Combretaceae, family Combretaceae, combretum family

a family of tropical trees and shrubs of the order Myrtales

dhawa, dhava

an Indian tree of the family Combretaceae that is a source of timber and gum

genus Combretum

type genus of the Combretaceae: tropical and subtropical small shrubs and trees

combretum

any of numerous shrubs or small trees of the genus Combretum having spikes of small flowers

hiccup nut, hiccough nut, Combretum bracteosum

ornamental red-flowering African shrub or climber

bush willow, Combretum appiculatum

small deciduous tree of the Transvaal having spikes of yellow flowers

bush willow, Combretum erythrophyllum

small South African tree having creamy yellow fragrant flowers usually growing on stream banks

Russian olive, silver berry, Elaeagnus augustifolia

deciduous shrubby tree of Europe and western Asia having gray leaves and small yellow fruits covered in silvery scales; sometimes spiny

Conocarpus, genus Conocarpus

monotypic genus of tropical American trees: button tree

button tree, button mangrove, Conocarpus erectus

evergreen tree or shrub with fruit resembling buttons and yielding heavy hard compact wood

Laguncularia, genus Laguncularia

a genus of Laguncularia

white mangrove, Laguncularia racemosa

shrub to moderately large tree that grows in brackish water along the seacoasts of western Africa and tropical America; locally important as a source of tannin

Elaeagnaceae, family Elaeagnaceae, oleaster family

shrubs or small trees often armed

Elaeagnus, genus Elaeagnus

oleaster

oleaster

any of several shrubs of the genus Elaeagnus having silver-white twigs and yellow flowers followed by olivelike fruits

wild olive, Elaeagnus latifolia

erect shrub or climber of India and China with red olivelike fruit

silverberry, silver berry, silverbush, Elaeagnus commutata

deciduous unarmed North American shrub with silvery leaves and fruits

Haloragidaceae, family Haloragidaceae, Haloragaceae, family Haloragaceae, water-milfoil family

a family of dicotyledonous plants of the order Myrtales

Myriophyllum, genus Myriophyllum

chiefly monoecious and usually aquatic herbs (as the milfoils)

water milfoil

an aquatic plant of the genus Myriophyllum having feathery underwater leaves and small inconspicuous flowers

Lecythidaceae, family Lecythidaceae

large tropical trees bearing large fruits with woody skins

anchovy pear, anchovy pear tree, Grias cauliflora

West Indian tree bearing edible mangolike fruit

Grias, genus Grias

anchovy pear tree

brazil nut, brazil-nut tree, Bertholletia excelsa

tall South American tree bearing brazil nuts

Bertholletia, genus Bertholletia

brazil nut

Lythraceae, family Lythraceae, loosestrife family

herbs and shrubs and small trees with pink or purple flowers

purple loosestrife, spiked loosestrife, Lythrum salicaria

marsh herb with a long spike of purple flowers; originally of Europe but now rampant in eastern United States

Lythrum, genus Lythrum

loosestrife

loosestrife

any of numerous herbs and subshrubs of the genus Lythrum

grass poly, hyssop loosestrife, Lythrum hyssopifolia

annual with small solitary pink flowers; originally of Europe but widely naturalized in moist areas

Lagerstroemia, genus Lagerstroemia

shrubs or small trees of tropical Asia and Africa usually with showy white, pink, or purplish flowers

crape myrtle, crepe myrtle, crepe flower, Lagerstroemia indica

ornamental E. Indian shrub commonly planted in southern United States

Queen's crape myrtle, pride-of-India, Lagerstroemia speciosa

native to Asia, Australia, and East Indies, where it provides timber called pyinma; used elsewhere as an ornamental for its large showy flowers

Myrtaceae, family Myrtaceae, myrtle family

trees and shrubs yielding a fragrant oil

pyinma

relatively hard durable timber from the Queen's crape myrtle; light reddish brown, smooth and lustrous

myrtle

any evergreen shrub or tree of the genus Myrtus

myrtaceous tree

trees and shrubs

Myrtus, genus Myrtus

type genus of the Myrtaceae

common myrtle, Myrtus communis

European shrub with white or rosy flowers followed by black berries

allspice, allspice tree, pimento tree, Pimenta dioica

aromatic West Indian tree that produces allspice berries

Pimenta, genus Pimenta

allspice tree

bayberry, bay-rum tree, Jamaica bayberry, wild cinnamon, Pimenta acris

West Indian tree; source of bay rum

Eugenia, genus Eugenia

tropical trees and shrubs with aromatic leaves and often valuable hard wood

allspice tree, Pimenta officinalis

tropical American tree having small white flowers and aromatic berries

nakedwood, Eugenia dicrana

tree of extreme southern Florida and West Indies having thin scaly bark and aromatic fruits and seeds and yielding hard heavy close-grained zebrawood

sour cherry, Eugenia corynantha

Australian tree with sour red fruit

Surinam cherry, pitanga, Eugenia uniflora

Brazilian tree with spicy red fruit; often cultivated in California and Florida

genus Feijoa

small South American shrubs or trees

rose apple, rose-apple tree, jambosa, Eugenia jambos

tropical tree of the East Indies cultivated for its edible fruit

Jambos, genus Jambos

used in some classifications for rose apples (Eugenia jambos)

feijoa, feijoa bush

South American shrub having edible greenish plumlike fruit

Myrciaria, genus Myrciaria, Myrcia

a genus of tropical American trees and shrubs of the myrtle family

jaboticaba, jaboticaba tree, Myrciaria cauliflora

small evergreen tropical tree native to Brazil and West Indies but introduced into southern United States; grown in Brazil for its edible tough-skinned purple grapelike fruit that grows all along the branches

guava, true guava, guava bush, Psidium guajava

small tropical American shrubby tree; widely cultivated in warm regions for its sweet globular yellow fruit

Psidium, genus Psidium

guavas

guava, strawberry guava, yellow cattley guava, Psidium littorale

small tropical shrubby tree bearing small yellowish fruit

cattley guava, purple strawberry guava, Psidium cattleianum, Psidium littorale longipes

small tropical shrubby tree bearing deep red oval fruit

Brazilian guava, Psidium guineense

South American tree having fruit similar to the true guava

gum tree, gum

any of various trees of the genera Eucalyptus or Liquidambar or Nyssa that are sources of gum

genus Eucalyptus

tall trees native to the Australian region; source of timber and medicinal oils from the aromatic leaves

eucalyptus, eucalypt, eucalyptus tree

a tree of the genus Eucalyptus

flooded gum

any of several Australian gum trees growing on moist or alluvial soil

mallee

any of several low-growing Australian eucalypts

river red gum, river gum, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus rostrata

somewhat crooked red gum tree growing chiefly along rivers; has durable reddish lumber used in heavy construction

stringybark

any of several Australian eucalypts having fibrous inner bark

smoothbark

any of several Australian eucalypts having the bark smooth except at or near the base of the trunk

red gum, peppermint, peppermint gum, Eucalyptus amygdalina

red gum tree of Tasmania

red gum, marri, Eucalyptus calophylla

very large red gum tree

white mountain ash, Eucalyptus fraxinoides

large tree with dark compact bark on lower trunk but smooth and white above; yields lumber similar to that of European or American ashes

mountain swamp gum, Eucalyptus camphora

medium-sized swamp gum of New South Wales and Victoria

snow gum, ghost gum, white ash, Eucalyptus coriacea, Eucalyptus pauciflora

small to medium-sized tree of Australia and Tasmania having smooth white to light-grey bark shedding in patches or strips

alpine ash, mountain oak, Eucalyptus delegatensis

tall timber tree with hard heavy pinkish or light brown wood

white mallee, congoo mallee, Eucalyptus dumosa

small shrubby mallee

white stringybark, thin-leaved stringybark, Eucalyptusd eugenioides

stringybark having white wood

blue gum, fever tree, Eucalyptus globulus

tall fast-growing timber tree with leaves containing a medicinal oil; young leaves are bluish

rose gum, Eucalypt grandis

very tall tree of Queensland and New South Wales

cider gum, Eucalypt gunnii

small to medium-sized tree of Tasmania

swamp gum, Eucalypt ovata

medium-sized tree of southern Australia

black mallee, black sally, black gum, Eucalytus stellulata

small mallee with rough dark-colored bark toward the butt yielding a red eucalyptus kino

spotted gum, Eucalyptus maculata

large gum tree with mottled bark

lemon-scented gum, Eucalyptus citriodora, Eucalyptus maculata citriodora

similar to but smaller than the spotted gum and having lemon-scented leaves

Syzygium, genus Syzygium

a tropical evergreen tree of the myrtle family native to the East Indies but cultivated elsewhere

forest red gum, Eucalypt tereticornis

tall tree of Queensland and New South Wales and Victoria

mountain ash, Eucalyptus regnans

tree having wood similar to the alpine ash; tallest tree in Australia and tallest hardwood in the world

manna gum, Eucalyptus viminalis

tall tree yielding a false manna

Nyssa, genus Nyssa

tupelos: deciduous trees of moist habitats especially swamps and beside ponds

clove, clove tree, Syzygium aromaticum, Eugenia aromaticum, Eugenia caryophyllatum

moderate sized very symmetrical red-flowered evergreen widely cultivated in the tropics for its flower buds which are source of cloves

Nyssaceae, family Nyssaceae, sour-gum family, tupelo family

a family of dicotyledonous trees of order Myrtales that includes the sour gum trees

sour gum, black gum, pepperidge, Nyssa sylvatica

columnar tree of eastern North America having horizontal limbs and small leaves that emerge late in spring and have brilliant color in early fall

tupelo, tupelo tree

any of several gum trees of swampy areas of North America

water gum, Nyssa aquatica

columnar swamp tree of southeastern to midwestern North America yielding pale soft easily worked wood

Onagraceae, family Onagraceae, evening-primrose family

a large and widely distributed family of plants of the order Myrtales

enchanter's nightshade

any of several erect perennial rhizomatous herbs of the genus Circaea having white flowers that open at dawn; northern hemisphere

Circaea, genus Circaea

enchanter's nightshade

Alpine enchanter's nightshade, Circaea alpina

an Alpine variety of enchanter's_nightshade

Circaea lutetiana

tall evening primrose with inconspicuous flowers

willowherb

a plant of the genus Epilobium having pink or yellow flowers and seeds with silky hairs

Epilobium, genus Epilobium

large widely distributed genus of herbs and subshrubs of especially western North America and Arctic areas

California fuchsia, humming bird's trumpet, Epilobium canum canum, Zauschneria californica

shrublet of southwestern United States to Mexico having brilliant scarlet flowers; sometimes placed in genus Zauschneria

fireweed, giant willowherb, rosebay willowherb, wickup, Epilobium angustifolium

tall North American perennial with creeping rootstocks and narrow leaves and spikes of pinkish-purple flowers occurring in great abundance in burned-over areas or recent clearings; an important honey plant

genus Fuchsia

large genus of decorative tropical shrubs with pendulous tetramerous flowers

hairy willowherb, codlins-and-cream, Epilobium hirsutum

plant of Europe and Asia having purplish-red flowers and hairy stems and leaves; introduced into North America

fuchsia

any of various tropical shrubs widely cultivated for their showy drooping purplish or reddish or white flowers; Central and South America and New Zealand and Tahiti

Oenothera, genus Oenothera

chiefly North American herbs with usually nocturnal flowers

lady's-eardrop, ladies'-eardrop, lady's-eardrops, ladies'-eardrops, Fuchsia coccinea

erect or climbing shrub of Brazil with deep pink to red flowers

konini, tree fuchsia, native fuchsia, Fuchsia excorticata

erect deciduous shrub or tree to 10 feet with maroon-flushed flowers; New Zealand

common evening primrose, German rampion, Oenothera biennis

a coarse biennial of eastern North America with yellow flowers that open in the evening; naturalized in Europe

evening primrose

any of several plants of the family Onagraceae

sundrops, Oenothera fruticosa

a day-flowering biennial or perennial of the genus Oenothera

Missouri primrose, Ozark sundrops, Oenothera macrocarpa

evening-opening primrose of south central United States

Punica, genus Punica

coextensive with the family Punicaceae

Punicaceae, family Punicaceae

1 species: pomegranates

pomegranate, pomegranate tree, Punica granatum

shrub or small tree native to southwestern Asia having large red many-seeded fruit

Rhizophoraceae, family Rhizophoraceae, mangrove family

trees and shrubs that usually form dense jungles along tropical seacoasts

garland flower, Daphne cneorum

widely cultivated low evergreen shrub with dense clusters of fragrant pink to deep rose flowers

Rhizophora, genus Rhizophora

type genus of the Rhizophoraceae; a small genus of tropical trees and shrubs

mangrove, Rhizophora mangle

a tropical tree or shrub bearing fruit that germinates while still on the tree and having numerous prop roots that eventually form an impenetrable mass and are important in land building

Thymelaeaceae, family Thymelaeaceae, daphne family

family of tough-barked trees and shrubs and herbs especially of Australia and tropical Africa

genus Daphne

usually evergreen Eurasian shrubs

daphne

any of several ornamental shrubs with shiny mostly evergreen leaves and clusters of small bell-shaped flowers

spurge laurel, wood laurel, Daphne laureola

bushy Eurasian shrub with glossy leathery oblong leaves and yellow-green flowers

mezereum

the dried bark of the shrub mezereon

mezereon, February daphne, Daphne mezereum

small European deciduous shrub with fragrant lilac-colored flowers followed by red berries on highly toxic twigs

leatherwood, moosewood, wicopy, ropebark, Dirca palustris

deciduous shrub of eastern North America having tough flexible branches and pliable bark and small yellow flowers

Dirca, genus Dirca

deciduous shrub of North America: leatherwood

Trapaceae, family Trapaceae

family comprising solely the genus Trapa; in some classifications treated as a subfamily or tribe of the family_Onagraceae

Trapa, genus Trapa

small genus of Eurasian aquatic perennial herbs: water chestnut

water chestnut, water chestnut plant, caltrop

a plant of the genus Trapa bearing spiny four-pronged edible nutlike fruits

ling, ling ko, Trapa bicornis

water chestnut whose spiny fruit has two rather than 4 prongs

water caltrop, Jesuits' nut, Trapa natans

a variety of water_chestnut

Melastomataceae, family Melastomataceae, Melastomaceae, family Melastomaceae, meadow-beauty family

a family of trees and bushes and herbs of order Myrtales; many are cultivated as ornamentals

Melastoma, genus Melastoma

type genus of Melastomataceae; Asiatic shrubs with leathery leaves and large purple flowers followed by edible fleshy black berries

Indian rhododendron, Melastoma malabathricum

evergreen spreading shrub of India and southeastern Asia having large purple flowers

Medinilla, genus Medinilla

tropical Old World ornamental evergreen shrubs having fleshy leaves and large panicles of white pink flowers

Medinilla magnifica

a beautiful tropical evergreen epiphytic shrub grown for its lush foliage and huge panicles of pink flowers; Philippines

deer grass, meadow beauty

any of several plants of the genus Rhexia usually having pink-purple to magenta flowers; eastern North America

Rhexia, genus Rhexia

deer grass

genus Canna

type and sole genus of the Cannaceae: perennial lilylike herbs of New World tropics

Musales, order Musales

tropical plants

Cannaceae, family Cannaceae

coextensive with the genus Canna

achira, indian shot, arrowroot, Canna indica, Canna edulis

canna grown especially for its edible rootstock from which arrowroot starch is obtained

canna

any plant of the genus Canna having large sheathing leaves and clusters of large showy flowers

canna lily, Canna generalis

plants grown for their large bright yellow to red flowers

Marantaceae, family Marantaceae, arrowroot family

tropical perennial herbs with usually starchy rhizomes

maranta

any of numerous herbs of the genus Maranta having tuberous starchy roots and large sheathing leaves

genus Maranta

herbs of tropical America

banana, banana tree

any of several tropical and subtropical treelike herbs of the genus Musa having a terminal crown of large entire leaves and usually bearing hanging clusters of elongated fruits

arrowroot, American arrowroot, obedience plant, Maranta arundinaceae

white-flowered West Indian plant whose root yields arrowroot starch

Musaceae, family Musaceae, banana family

treelike tropical Asian herbs

Musa, genus Musa

type genus of the Musaceae: bananas

dwarf banana, Musa acuminata

low-growing Asian banana tree cultivated especially in the West Indies for its clusters of edible yellow fruit

Japanese banana, Musa basjoo

Asiatic banana plant cultivated especially as a foliage plant in Japan

plantain, plantain tree, Musa paradisiaca

a banana tree bearing hanging clusters of edible angular greenish starchy fruits; tropics and subtropics

abaca, Manila hemp, Musa textilis

Philippine plant having leafstalks that yield Manila hemp used for rope and paper etc

edible banana, Musa paradisiaca sapientum

widely cultivated species of banana trees bearing compact hanging clusters of commercially important edible yellow fruit

Ensete, genus Ensete

Old World tropical herbs: Abyssinian bananas

Abyssinian banana, Ethiopian banana, Ensete ventricosum, Musa ensete

large evergreen arborescent herb having huge paddle-shaped leaves and bearing inedible fruit that resemble bananas but edible young flower shoots; sometimes placed in genus Musa

Strelitziaceae, family Strelitziaceae, strelitzia family

woody plants with erect stems of tropical South America and South Africa and Madagascar; in some classifications included in the family Musaceae

Strelitzia, genus Strelitzia

small genus of large perennial evergreen herbs having leaves resembling those of banana plants; sometimes placed in family Musaceae

bird of paradise, Strelitzia reginae

ornamental plant of tropical South Africa and South America having stalks of orange and purplish-blue flowers resembling a bird

Zingiberaceae, family Zingiberaceae, ginger family

a family of tropical monocotyledonous plants of order Musales

genus Ravenala

tall-trunked woody tropical plants; sometimes placed in family Musaceae

traveler's tree, traveller's tree, ravenala, Ravenala madagascariensis

giant treelike plant having edible nuts and leafstalks that yield a refreshing drink of clear watery sap; reputedly an emergency source of water for travelers

Zingiber, genus Zingiber

tropical Asiatic and Polynesian perennial plants: ginger

ginger

perennial plants having thick branching aromatic rhizomes and leafy reedlike stems

common ginger, Canton ginger, stem ginger, Zingiber officinale

tropical Asian plant widely cultivated for its pungent root; source of gingerroot and powdered ginger

galangal, Alpinia galanga

southeastern Asian perennial with aromatic roots

Curcuma, genus Curcuma

tropical Asiatic perennial herbs

turmeric, Curcuma longa, Curcuma domestica

widely cultivated tropical plant of India having yellow flowers and a large aromatic deep yellow rhizome; source of a condiment and a yellow dye

Alpinia, genus Alpinia, genus Zerumbet, genus Languas

perennial rhizomatous herbs of Asia and Australia and Polynesia having ginger-scented rhizomes

red ginger, Alpinia purpurata

an ornamental ginger native to Pacific islands

lesser galangal, Alpinia officinarum, Alpinia officinalis

Chinese perennial with pyramidal racemes of rose-veined white flowers and pungent aromatic roots used medicinally and as flavoring

shellflower, shell ginger, Alpinia Zerumbet, Alpinia speciosa, Languas speciosa

cultivated for its shining oblong leaves and arching clusters of white flowers with shell-pink shading and crinkled yellow lip with variegated magenta stripes

Aframomum, genus Aframomum

an African genus of plants of the family Zingiberaceae

grains of paradise, Guinea grains, Guinea pepper, melagueta pepper, Aframomum melegueta

West African plant bearing pungent peppery seeds

cardamom, cardamon, Elettaria cardamomum

rhizomatous herb of India having aromatic seeds used as seasoning

Elettaria, genus Elettaria

cardamom

Parietales, order Parietales, Hypericales, order Hypericales

a large order of dicotyledonous plants of subclass Dilleniidae

Dilleniidae, subclass Dilleniidae

a group of families of more or less advanced trees and shrubs and herbs having either polypetalous or gamopetalous corollas and often with ovules attached to the walls of the ovary; contains 69 families including Ericaceae and Cruciferae and Malvaceae; sometimes classified as a superorder

Guttiferales, order Guttiferales

used in some classifications; coextensive with Parietales

Begoniaceae, family Begoniaceae, begonia family

monoecious succulent herbs or shrubs of tropical and warm regions especially America

genus Begonia

large genus of tropical succulent plants widely cultivated

begonia

any of numerous plants of the genus Begonia grown for their attractive glossy asymmetrical leaves and colorful flowers in usually terminal cymes or racemes

fibrous-rooted begonia

any of numerous begonias having fibrous rather than tuberous or rhizomatous roots

tuberous begonia

any of numerous begonias having large tuberous roots

rhizomatous begonia

any of numerous begonias having prominent shaggy creeping stems or rhizomes

Christmas begonia, blooming-fool begonia, Begonia cheimantha

hybrid winter-blooming begonia grown for its many large pink flowers; derived from B dregei and B socotrana

angel-wing begonia, Begonia cocchinea

South American fibrous-rooted begonias having prominent basal leaf lobes suggesting angels' wings and racemes of coral-red flowers

grape-leaf begonia, maple-leaf begonia, Begonia dregei

tuberous or semi-tuberous South African begonia having shallowly lobed ovate leaves and small white flowers

beefsteak begonia, kidney begonia, Begonia erythrophylla, Begonia feastii

rhizomatous begonia with roundish fleshy leaves reddish colored beneath

star begonia, star-leaf begonia, Begonia heracleifolia

rhizomatous begonia having leaves with pointed lobes suggestive of stars and pink flowers

wax begonia, Begonia semperflorens

hybrid fibrous-rooted begonia having broad-ovate green to bronze- or black-red leaves and small clusters of white or pink or red flowers; widely used as a bedding plant

rex begonia, king begonia, painted-leaf begonia, beefsteak geranium, Begonia rex

any of numerous usually rhizomatous hybrid begonias derived from an East Indian plant having rough-textured leaves patterned in silver and bronze and purple and red-brown with inconspicuous flowers

hybrid tuberous begonia, Begonia tuberhybrida

any of numerous hybrid begonias having tuberous roots and variously colored flowers

Socotra begonia, Begonia socotrana

semituberous begonia having peltate leaves and rose-pink flowers; Yemen

Dilleniaceae, family Dilleniaceae

chiefly tropical shrubs and trees and climbers having leathery leaves or flattened leaflike stems: genera Dillenia; Hibbertia

Hibbertia, genus Hibbertia

evergreen heathlike or scandent shrubs of Madagascar; Australasia; Polynesia

genus Dillenia

East Indian and Australian shrubs and trees having panicles of large white or yellow flowers

dillenia

any of several evergreen trees or shrubs of the genus Dillenia grown for their foliage and nodding magnolialike flowers which are followed by fruit that is used in curries and jellies and preserves

Guttiferae, family Guttiferae, Clusiaceae, family Clusiaceae, St John's wort family

widely distributed family of chiefly tropical trees and shrubs and vines that produce oils and resins and some usable timber

guinea gold vine, guinea flower

any of several Australasian evergreen vines widely cultivated in warm regions for their large bright yellow single flowers

Calophyllum, genus Calophyllum

genus of tropical evergreen trees

poon

any of several East Indian trees of the genus Calophyllum having shiny leathery leaves and lightweight hard wood

genus Clusia

tropical American aromatic trees or shrubs; often epiphytic or hemi-epiphytic; some stranglers

calaba, Santa Maria tree, Calophyllum calaba

West Indian tree having racemes of fragrant white flowers and yielding a durable timber and resinous juice

Maria, Calophyllum longifolium

valuable timber tree of Panama

laurelwood, lancewood tree, Calophyllum candidissimum

tropical American tree; valued for its hard durable wood

Alexandrian laurel, Calophyllum inophyllum

East Indian tree having racemes of fragrant white flowers; coastal areas southern India to Malaysia

wild fig, Clusia flava

a West Indies clusia having fig-shaped fruit

clusia

an aromatic tree of the genus Clusia having large white or yellow or pink flowers

pitch apple, strangler fig, Clusia rosea, Clusia major

a common tropical American clusia having solitary white or rose flowers

waxflower, Clusia insignis

epiphytic clusia of British_Guiana

Garcinia, genus Garcinia

evergreen trees and shrubs: mangosteens

great St John's wort, Hypericum ascyron, Hypericum pyramidatum

perennial shrub having large star-shaped yellow flowers in narrowly pyramidal cymes

mangosteen, mangosteen tree, Garcinia mangostana

East Indian tree with thick leathery leaves and edible fruit

gamboge tree, Garcinia hanburyi, Garcinia cambogia, Garcinia gummi-gutta

low spreading tree of Indonesia yielding an orange to brown gum resin (gamboge) used as a pigment when powdered

Hypericaceae, family Hypericaceae

used in some classification systems for plants usually included among the Guttiferae

Hypericum, genus Hypericum

large almost cosmopolitan genus of evergreen or deciduous shrubs and herbs with often showy yellow flowers; cosmopolitan except tropical lowlands and arctic or high altitudes and desert regions

St John's wort

any of numerous plants of the genus Hypericum having yellow flowers and transparently dotted leaves; traditionally gathered on St John's eve to ward off evil

common St John's wort, tutsan, Hypericum androsaemum

deciduous bushy Eurasian shrub with golden yellow flowers and reddish-purple fruits from which a soothing salve is made in Spain

orange grass, nitweed, pineweed, Hypericum gentianoides

annual wiry-stemmed North American weed with minute scalelike leaves and small yellow flowers

creeping St John's wort, Hypericum calycinum

creeping evergreen shrub with bright yellow star-shaped summer flowers; useful as ground cover

St Andrews's cross, Hypericum crux andrae

shrubby plant having yellow to apricot flowers with four petals arranged in a cross; southeastern United States: New York to Texas

low St Andrew's cross, Hypericum hypericoides

low shrubby plant having yellow flowers with four petals arranged in a cross; Bermuda and southeastern United States to West Indies and eastern Mexico

St Peter's wort, Hypericum tetrapterum, Hypericum maculatum

European perennial St John's wort; Ireland and France to western Siberia

klammath weed, Hypericum perforatum

yellow-flowered perennial common in fields and waste places but a weed in rangelands

shrubby St John's wort, Hypericum prolificum, Hypericum spathulatum

stiff shrub having oblong entire leaves and dense cymes of yellow flowers

marsh St-John's wort, Hypericum virginianum

perennial marsh herb with pink to mauve flowers; southeastern United States

Mammea, genus Mammea

American and Asiatic trees having edible one-seeded fruit

mammee apple, mammee, mamey, mammee tree, Mammea americana

tropical American tree having edible fruit with a leathery rind

Mesua, genus Mesua

genus of tropical Asiatic trees having large solitary flowers

Actinidiaceae, family Actinidiaceae

tropical trees or shrubs or woody vines

rose chestnut, ironwood, ironwood tree, Mesua ferrea

handsome East Indian evergreen tree often planted as an ornamental for its fragrant white flowers that yield a perfume; source of very heavy hardwood used for railroad ties

bower actinidia, tara vine, Actinidia arguta

high-climbing Asiatic vine having long finely serrate leaves and racemes of white flowers followed by greenish-yellow edible fruit

Actinidia, genus Actinidia

small Asiatic woody vine bearing many-seeded fruit

Chinese gooseberry, kiwi, kiwi vine, Actinidia chinensis, Actinidia deliciosa

climbing vine native to China; cultivated in New Zealand for its fuzzy edible green-meated fruit

silvervine, silver vine, Actinidia polygama

ornamental vine of eastern Asia having yellow edible fruit and leaves with silver-white markings

Canellaceae, family Canellaceae, canella family

1 genus: aromatic tropical trees of eastern Africa and Florida to West Indies

genus Canella

1 species

wild cinnamon, white cinnamon tree, Canella winterana, Canella-alba

large evergreen shrub or small tree having white aromatic bark and leathery leaves and small purple to red flowers in terminal cymes

Carica, genus Carica

type genus of the Caricaceae; tropical American trees: papayas

Caricaceae, family Caricaceae, papaya family

trees native to tropical America and Africa with milky juice and large palmately lobed leaves

papaya, papaia, pawpaw, papaya tree, melon tree, Carica papaya

tropical American shrub or small tree having huge deeply palmately cleft leaves and large oblong yellow fruit

Caryocaraceae, family Caryocaraceae

small genus of tropical South American trees

Caryocar, genus Caryocar

type genus of the Caryocaraceae; South American trees yielding strong fine-grained wood and edible nuts

Cistaceae, family Cistaceae, rockrose family

shrubs or woody herbs of temperate regions especially Mediterranean

souari, souari nut, souari tree, Caryocar nuciferum

large South American evergreen tree trifoliate leaves and drupes with nutlike seeds used as food and a source of cooking oil

Cistus, genus Cistus

small to medium-sized evergreen shrubs of southern Europe and North Africa

rockrose, rock rose

small shrubs of scrub and dry woodland regions of southern Europe and North Africa; grown for their showy flowers and soft often downy and aromatic evergreen foliage

helianthemum, sunrose, sun rose

any plant of the genus Helianthemum; vigorous plants of stony alpine meadows and dry scrub regions

white-leaved rockrose, Cistus albidus

compact white pubescent shrub of southwestern Europe having pink flowers

common gum cistus, Cistus ladanifer, Cistus ladanum

shrub having white flowers and viscid stems and leaves yielding a fragrant oleoresin used in perfumes especially as a fixative

genus Helianthemum

widely distributed evergreen or semi-evergreen shrublets; America; Europe and North Africa to Asia Minor and central Asia; includes plants often placed in genus Crocanthemum

frostweed, frostwort, Helianthemum canadense, Crocanthemum canadensei

perennial of the eastern United States having early solitary yellow flowers followed by late petalless flowers; so-called because ice crystals form on it during first frosts

rockrose, rock rose

any of numerous varieties of helianthemums having small roselike yellow or white or reddish flowers

Hudsonia, genus Hudsonia

small evergreen subshrubs of North America

rush rose, Helianthemum scoparium

woody yellow-flowered perennial of southeastern United States

beach heather, poverty grass, Hudsonia tomentosa

small heathlike plant covered with white down growing on beaches in northeastern North America

false heather, golden heather, Hudsonia ericoides

North American decumbent evergreen heathlike plant with yellow flowers

Shorea, genus Shorea

genus of Indo-Malaysian timber trees rich in resin

Dipterocarpaceae, family Dipterocarpaceae

chiefly tropical Asian trees with two-winged fruits; yield valuable woods and aromatic oils and resins

dipterocarp

tree of the family Dipterocarpaceae

red lauan, red lauan tree, Shorea teysmanniana

valuable Philippine timber tree

Flacourtia, genus Flacourtia

often spiny trees or shrubs of tropical Asia and Africa

Flacourtiaceae, family Flacourtiaceae, flacourtia family

chiefly tropical trees and shrubs

Dovyalis, genus Dovyalis

small genus of sometimes spiny shrubs or small trees; Africa; India; Sri Lanka

governor's plum, governor plum, Madagascar plum, ramontchi, batoko palm, Flacourtia indica

small shrubby tree of Madagascar cultivated in tropical regions as a hedge plant and for its deep red acid fruits resembling small plums

kei apple, kei apple bush, Dovyalis caffra

vigorous South African spiny shrub grown for its round yellow juicy edible fruits

ketembilla, kitembilla, kitambilla, ketembilla tree, Ceylon gooseberry, Dovyalis hebecarpa

small shrubby spiny tree cultivated for its maroon-purple fruit with sweet purple pulp tasking like gooseberries; Sri Lanka and India

chaulmoogra, chaulmoogra tree, chaulmugra, Hydnocarpus kurzii, Taraktagenos kurzii, Taraktogenos kurzii

East Indian tree with oily seeds yield chaulmoogra oil used to treat leprosy

Hydnocarpus, genus Hydnocarpus, Taraktagenos, genus Taraktagenos, Taraktogenos, genus Taraktogenos

medium to large Indo-Malayan trees

Hydnocarpus laurifolia, Hydnocarpus wightiana

leathery-leaved tree of western India bearing round fruits with brown densely-hairy rind enclosing oily pulp that yields hydnocarpus oil

wild peach, Kiggelaria africana

large much-branched shrub grown primarily for its evergreen foliage

genus Idesia

1 species

idesia, Idesia polycarpa

deciduous round-headed Asiatic tree widely grown in mild climates as an ornamental for its heart-shaped leaves and fragrant yellow-green flowers followed by hanging clusters of fleshy orange-red berries

Kiggelaria, genus Kiggelaria

small genus of South African shrubs or small trees

genus Xylosma

genus of tropical American and Asiatic spiny evergreen trees and shrubs

xylosma, Xylosma congestum

shrub or small tree grown as an ornamental in mild climates for its neat evergreen foliage and fragrant late flowers; native of China

Fouquieriaceae, family Fouquieriaceae

small family of spiny shrubs or trees of southwestern United States

candlewood

any of several resinous trees or shrubs often burned for light

Fouquieria, genus Fouquieria

resinous succulent trees or shrubs of desert and semi-desert regions of southwestern United States that are leafless most of the year

boojum tree, cirio, Fouquieria columnaris, Idria columnaris

candlewood of Mexico and southwestern California having tall columnar stems and bearing honey-scented creamy yellow flowers

ocotillo, coachwhip, Jacob's staff, vine cactus, Fouquieria splendens

desert shrub of southwestern United States and Mexico having slender naked spiny branches that after the rainy season put forth foliage and clusters of red flowers

Ochnaceae, family Ochnaceae, ochna family

family of tropical evergreen trees and shrubs with thick shining parallel-veined leaves

Ochna, genus Ochna

type genus of Ochnaceae; evergreen trees and shrubs of Old World tropics

Passifloraceae, family Passifloraceae, passionflower family

tropical woody tendril-climbing vines

bird's-eye bush, Ochna serrulata

shrub with narrow-elliptic glossy evergreen leaves and yellow flowers with leathery petaloid sepals

passionflower, passionflower vine

any of various chiefly tropical American vines some bearing edible fruit

Passiflora, genus Passiflora

type genus of the Passifloraceae

granadilla, purple granadillo, Passiflora edulis

Brazilian passionflower cultivated for its deep purple fruit

granadilla, giant granadilla, Passiflora quadrangularis

tropical American passionflower yielding the large granadilla fruit

granadilla, sweet granadilla, Passiflora ligularis

considered best for fruit

maypop, Passiflora incarnata

of southern United States; having an insipid berry the size of a hen egg

Jamaica honeysuckle, yellow granadilla, Passiflora laurifolia

West Indian passionflower; cultivated for its yellow edible fruit

sweet calabash, Passiflora maliformis

West Indian passionflower with edible apple-sized fruit

banana passion fruit, Passiflora mollissima

cultivated for fruit

love-in-a-mist, running pop, wild water lemon, Passiflora foetida

tropical American passion flower with finely dissected bracts; stems malodorous when crushed

Resedaceae, family Resedaceae, mignonette family

mainly Mediterranean herbs: mignonette

genus Reseda

Old World genus of herbs having racemose flowers: mignonette; dyer's rocket

Tamaricaceae, family Tamaricaceae, tamarisk family

family of desert shrubs and trees (mostly halophytes and zerophytes)

reseda

any plant of the genus Reseda

mignonette, sweet reseda, Reseda odorata

Mediterranean woody annual widely cultivated for its dense terminal spikelike clusters greenish or yellowish white flowers having an intense spicy fragrance

dyer's rocket, dyer's mignonette, weld, Reseda luteola

European mignonette cultivated as a source of yellow dye; naturalized in North America

tamarisk

any shrub or small tree of the genus Tamarix having small scalelike or needle-shaped leaves and feathery racemes of small white or pinkish flowers; of mostly coastal areas with saline soil

Tamarix, genus Tamarix

genus of deciduous shrubs or small trees of eastern Mediterranean regions and tropical Asia

false tamarisk, German tamarisk, Myricaria germanica

Eurasian shrub resembling the tamarisk

Myricaria, genus Myricaria

small genus of deciduous shrubs or subshrubs of southern Europe to Siberia and China; tolerant of chalky soil

halophyte

plant growing naturally in very salty soil

Violaceae, family Violaceae, violet family

genera Viola; Hybanthus; Hymenanthera; Melicytus

viola

any of the numerous plants of the genus Viola

genus Viola

large genus of flowering herbs of temperate regions

violet

any of numerous low-growing small-flowered violas

field pansy, heartsease, Viola arvensis

common Old World viola with creamy often violet-tinged flowers

sweet white violet, white violet, woodland white violet, Viola blanda

short-stemmed violet of eastern North America having fragrant purple-veined white flowers

American dog violet, Viola conspersa

violet of eastern North America having pale violet to white flowers

dog violet, heath violet, Viola canina

Old World leafy-stemmed blue-flowered violet

Canada violet, tall white violet, white violet, Viola canadensis

tall North American perennial with heart-shaped leaves and purple-streaked white flowers

horned violet, tufted pansy, Viola cornuta

European viola with an unusually long corolla spur

two-eyed violet, heartsease, Viola ocellata

violet of Pacific coast of North America having white petals tinged with yellow and deep violet

sweet violet, garden violet, English violet, Viola odorata

European violet typically having purple to white flowers; widely naturalized

downy yellow violet, Viola pubescens

violet of eastern North America having softly pubescent leaves and stems and clear yellow flowers with brown-purple veins

bird's-foot violet, pansy violet, Johnny-jump-up, wood violet, Viola pedata

common violet of the eastern United States with large pale blue or purple flowers resembling pansies

long-spurred violet, Viola rostrata

violet of eastern North America having lilac-purple flowers with a long slender spur

pale violet, striped violet, cream violet, Viola striata

leafy-stemmed violet of eastern North America having large white or creamy flowers faintly marked with purple

hedge violet, wood violet, Viola sylvatica, Viola reichenbachiana

common European violet that grows in woods and hedgerows

pansy, Viola tricolor hortensis

large-flowered garden plant derived chiefly from the wild pansy of Europe and having velvety petals of various colors

wild pansy, Johnny-jump-up, heartsease, love-in-idleness, pink of my John, Viola tricolor

a common and long cultivated European herb from which most common garden pansies are derived

Urticaceae, family Urticaceae, nettle family

a family of plants of order Urticales including many nettles with stinging hairs

Urticales, order Urticales

an order of dicotyledonous plants including Moraceae and Urticaceae and Ulmaceae

nettle

any of numerous plants having stinging hairs that cause skin irritation on contact (especially of the genus Urtica or family Urticaceae)

Urtica, genus Urtica

a nettle yielding fiber resembling flax

stinging nettle, Urtica dioica

perennial Eurasian nettle established in North America having broad coarsely toothed leaves with copious stinging hairs

Roman nettle, Urtica pipulifera

annual European nettle with stinging foliage and small clusters of green flowers

ramie, ramee, Chinese silk plant, China grass, Boehmeria nivea

tall perennial herb of tropical Asia with dark green leaves; cultivated for flax-like fiber from its woody stems

Boehmeria, genus Boehmeria

false nettle

false nettle, bog hemp

any of several flowering weeds of the genus Boehmeria lacking stinging hairs

Helxine, genus Helxine, Soleirolia, genus Soleirolia

1 species; a dwarf creeping mat-forming evergreen herb

Laportea, genus Laportea

mostly tropical stinging herbs or trees: nettle

baby's tears, baby tears, Helxine soleirolia, Soleirolia soleirolii

prostrate or creeping Corsican herb with mosslike small round short-stemmed leaves

pellitory-of-the-wall, wall pellitory, pellitory, Parietaria difussa

herb that grows in crevices having long narrow leaves and small pink apetalous flowers

wood nettle, Laportea canadensis

American perennial herb found in rich woods and provided with stinging hairs; provides fibers used for textiles

Australian nettle, Australian nettle tree

any of several tall Australian trees of the genus Laportea

Parietaria, genus Parietaria

small genus of stingless herbs

Pilea, genus Pilea

low-growing tropical perennials grown for their stingless foliage

artillery plant, Pilea microphylla

tropical American stingless nettle that discharges its pollen explosively

richweed, clearweed, dead nettle, Pilea pumilla

a plants of the genus Pilea having drooping green flower clusters and smooth translucent stems and leaves

Queensland grass-cloth plant, Pipturus argenteus

Australian plant of genus Pipturus whose fiber is used in making cloth

friendship plant, panamica, panamiga, Pilea involucrata

low stingless nettle of Central and South America having velvety brownish-green toothed leaves and clusters of small green flowers

Pipturus, genus Pipturus

an Australian genus of woody plants of the family Urticaceae

Pipturus albidus

Hawaiian tree of genus Pipturus having a bark (tapa) from which tapa cloth is made

genus Cannabis

hemp: genus of coarse annuals native to central Asia and widely naturalized in north temperate regions; in some classifications included in the family Moraceae

Cannabidaceae, family Cannabidaceae, hemp family

2 genera of erect or twining wind-pollinated herbs: genera Cannabis and Humulus; term not used in all classifications; in some the genus Cannabis is placed in the family Moraceae and the genus Humulus in the family Urticaceae

cannabis, hemp

any plant of the genus Cannabis; a coarse bushy annual with palmate leaves and clusters of small green flowers; yields tough fibers and narcotic drugs

marijuana, marihuana, ganja, pot, grass, dope, weed, gage, sess, sens, skunk, Mary-Jane, Cannabis sativa

a strong-smelling plant from whose dried leaves a number of euphoriant and hallucinogenic drugs are prepared

Indian hemp, Cannabis indica

source of e.g. bhang and hashish as well as fiber

Humulus, genus Humulus

hops: hardy perennial vines of Europe, North America and central and eastern Asia producing a latex sap; in some classifications included in the family Urticaceae

hop, hops

twining perennials having cordate leaves and flowers arranged in conelike spikes

common hop, common hops, bine, European hop, Humulus lupulus

European twining plant whose flowers are used chiefly to flavor malt liquors; cultivated in America

American hop, Humulus americanus

native American plant sometimes confused with the European hop

Japanese hop, Humulus japonicus

ornamental vine native to eastern Asia; cultivated for its variegated foliage

Moraceae, family Moraceae, mulberry family

trees or shrubs having a milky juice; in some classifications includes genus Cannabis

Morus, genus Morus

type genus of the Moraceae: mulberries

mulberry, mulberry tree

any of several trees of the genus Morus having edible fruit that resembles the blackberry

black mulberry, Morus nigra

European mulberry having dark foliage and fruit

white mulberry, Morus alba

Asiatic mulberry with white to pale red fruit; leaves used to feed silkworms

osage orange, bow wood, mock orange, Maclura pomifera

small shrubby deciduous yellowwood tree of south central United States having spines, glossy dark green leaves and inedible orangelike fruit; its hard orange-colored wood used for bows by native Americans; frequently planted as boundary hedge

red mulberry, Morus rubra

North American mulberry having dark purple edible fruit

Maclura, genus Maclura

yellowwood trees or shrubs

Artocarpus, genus Artocarpus

evergreen Asiatic trees now grown through the tropics: breadfruit; jackfruit

jackfruit, jackfruit tree, Artocarpus heterophyllus

East Indian tree cultivated for its immense edible fruit and seeds

breadfruit, breadfruit tree, Artocarpus communis, Artocarpus altilis

native to Pacific Islands and having edible fruit with a texture like bread

marang, marang tree, Artocarpus odoratissima

Philippine tree similar to the breadfruit tree bearing edible fruit

Ficus, genus Ficus

large genus of tropical trees or shrubs or climbers including fig trees

fig tree

any moraceous tree of the tropical genus Ficus; produces a closed pear-shaped receptacle that becomes fleshy and edible when mature

fig, common fig, common fig tree, Ficus carica

Mediterranean tree widely cultivated for its edible fruit

golden fig, Florida strangler fig, strangler fig, wild fig, Ficus aurea

a strangler tree native to southern Florida and West Indies; begins as an epiphyte eventually developing many trunklike aerial roots and covering enormous areas

caprifig, Ficus carica sylvestris

wild variety of the common fig used to facilitate pollination of certain figs

banyan, banyan tree, banian, banian tree, Indian banyan, East Indian fig tree, Ficus bengalensis

East Indian tree that puts out aerial shoots that grow down into the soil forming additional trunks

pipal, pipal tree, pipul, peepul, sacred fig, bo tree, Ficus religiosa

fig tree of India noted for great size and longevity; lacks the prop roots of the banyan

India-rubber tree, India-rubber plant, India-rubber fig, rubber plant, Assam rubber, Ficus elastica

large tropical Asian tree frequently dwarfed as a houseplant; source of Assam rubber

mistletoe fig, mistletoe rubber plant, Ficus diversifolia, Ficus deltoidea

shrub or small tree often grown as a houseplant having mistletoelike foliage

sycamore, sycamore fig, mulberry fig, Ficus sycomorus

thick-branched wide-spreading tree of Africa and adjacent southwestern Asia often buttressed with branches rising from near the ground; produces cluster of edible but inferior figs on short leafless twigs; the Biblical sycamore

Port Jackson fig, rusty rig, little-leaf fig, Botany Bay fig, Ficus rubiginosa

Australian tree resembling the banyan often planted for ornament; introduced into South Africa for brushwood

paper mulberry, Broussonetia papyrifera

shrubby Asiatic tree having bark (tapa) that resembles cloth; grown as a shade tree in Europe and America; male flowers are pendulous catkins and female are urn-shaped followed by small orange-red aggregate berries

Broussonetia, genus Broussonetia

paper mulberry

trumpetwood, trumpet tree, snake wood, imbauba, Cecropia peltata

tropical American tree with large peltate leaves and hollow stems

Cecropiaceae, family Cecropiaceae

in some classifications included in family Moraceae

Cecropia, genus Cecropia

large genus of tropical American trees that yield a bast fiber used for cordage and bark used in tanning; milky juice yields caoutchouc

Ulmaceae, family Ulmaceae, elm family

a dicot family of the order Urticales including: genera Ulmus; Celtis; Planera; Trema

Ulmus, genus Ulmus

type genus of family Ulmaceae; deciduous trees having simple serrate leaves; widely distributed in temperate regions

elm, elm tree

any of various trees of the genus Ulmus: important timber or shade trees

American elm, white elm, water elm, rock elm, Ulmus americana

large ornamental tree with graceful gradually spreading branches common in eastern North America

winged elm, wing elm, Ulmus alata

North American elm having twigs and young branches with prominent corky projections

smooth-leaved elm, European field elm, Ulmus carpinifolia

European elm with lustrous smooth leaves used as an ornamental

cedar elm, Ulmus crassifolia

elm of southern United States and Mexico having spreading pendulous corky branches

witch elm, wych elm, Ulmus glabra

Eurasian elm often planted as a shade tree

Dutch elm, Ulmus hollandica

any of various hybrid ornamental European shade trees ranging from dwarf to tall

Chinese elm, Ulmus parvifolia

small fast-growing tree native to Asia; widely grown as shelterbelts and hedges

Huntingdon elm, Ulmus hollandica vegetata

erect vigorous hybrid ornamental

water elm, Ulmus laevis

Eurasian elm closely resembling the American elm; thrives in a moist environment

English elm, European elm, Ulmus procera

broad spreading rough-leaved elm common throughout Europe and planted elsewhere

Jersey elm, guernsey elm, wheately elm, Ulmus sarniensis, Ulmus campestris sarniensis, Ulmus campestris wheatleyi

a variety of the English elm with erect branches and broader leaves

Siberian elm, Chinewse elm, dwarf elm, Ulmus pumila

fast-growing shrubby Asian tree naturalized in United States for shelter or ornament

slippery elm, red elm, Ulmus rubra

North American elm having rough leaves that are red when opening; yields a hard wood

rock elm, Ulmus thomasii

tall widely distributed elm of eastern North America

September elm, red elm, Ulmus serotina

autumn-flowering elm of southeastern United States

Celtis, genus Celtis

large genus of trees and shrubs with berrylike fruit

hackberry, nettle tree

any of various trees of the genus Celtis having inconspicuous flowers and small berrylike fruits

European hackberry, Mediterranean hackberry, Celtis australis

bright green deciduous shade tree of southern Europe

American hackberry, Celtis occidentalis

large deciduous shade tree of southern United States with small deep purple berries

sugargerry, Celtis laevigata

deciduous shade tree with small black berries; southern United States; yields soft yellowish wood

Liliidae, subclass Liliidae

one of four subclasses or superorders of Monocotyledones; comprises 17 families including: Liliaceae; Alliaceae; Amaryllidaceae; Iridaceae; Orchidaceae; Trilliaceae

iridaceous plant

any bulbous plant of the family Iridaceae

Liliales, order Liliales

an order of monocotyeldonous plants including Amaryllidaceae and Liliaceae and Iridaceae

Iridaceae, family Iridaceae, iris family

large family of usually perennial geophytic herbs with rizomes or corms or bulbs

bearded iris

any of numerous wild or cultivated irises with hairlike structures on the falls (the drooping sepals)

genus Iris

large genus of perennials that develop from bulbs or rhizomes

iris, flag, fleur-de-lis, sword lily

plants with sword-shaped leaves and erect stalks bearing bright-colored flowers composed of three petals and three drooping sepals

beardless iris

any of numerous wild or cultivated irises having no hairs on the drooping sepals (the falls)

bulbous iris

any of various irises having a rootstock formed like a bulb

orrisroot, orris

fragrant rootstock of various irises especially Florentine iris; used in perfumes and medicines

dwarf iris, Iris cristata

low-growing summer-flowering iris of northeastern United States

Dutch iris, Iris filifolia

bulbous Spanish iris with red-violet flowers

stinking iris, gladdon, gladdon iris, stinking gladwyn, roast beef plant, Iris foetidissima

iris with purple flowers and evil-smelling leaves; southern and western Europe and North Africa

Florentine iris, orris, Iris germanica florentina, Iris florentina

German iris having large white flowers with lavender-tinged falls and a fragrant rhizome

German iris, Iris germanica

a large iris with purple or white flowers, native to central and southern Europe

Japanese iris, Iris kaempferi

iris native to Japan having large showy flowers

Dalmatian iris, Iris pallida

European iris having soft lilac-blue flowers

German iris, Iris kochii

iris of northern Italy having deep blue-purple flowers; similar to but smaller than Iris germanica

yellow iris, yellow flag, yellow water flag, Iris pseudacorus

common yellow-flowered iris of Europe and North Africa, naturalized in United States and often cultivated

Persian iris, Iris persica

bulbous iris native to Asia Minor cultivated for its pale lilac-colored flowers

Dutch iris, Iris tingitana

bulbous Spanish iris having blue flowers

dwarf iris, vernal iris, Iris verna

low-growing spring-flowering American iris with bright blue-lilac flowers

southern blue flag, Iris virginica

similar to blue flag; the eastern United States

blue flag, Iris versicolor

a common iris of the eastern United States having blue or blue-violet flowers; root formerly used medicinally

Spanish iris, xiphium iris, Iris xiphium

bulbous iris of western Mediterranean region having usually violet-purple flowers

English iris, Iris xiphioides

bulbous iris native to the Pyrenees; widely cultivated for its large delicate flowers in various colors except yellow

Belamcanda, genus Belamcanda

a monocotyledonous genus of the family Iridaceae

blackberry-lily, leopard lily, Belamcanda chinensis

garden plant whose capsule discloses when ripe a mass of seeds resembling a blackberry

genus Crocus

a monocotyledonous genus of the family Iridaceae

crocus

any of numerous low-growing plants of the genus Crocus having slender grasslike leaves and white or yellow or purple flowers; native chiefly to the Mediterranean region but widely cultivated

saffron, saffron crocus, Crocus sativus

Old World crocus having purple or white flowers with aromatic pungent orange stigmas used in flavoring food

genus Freesia

cormous perennial herbs; native to South Africa

freesia

any of several plants of the genus Freesia valued for their one-sided clusters of usually fragrant yellow or white or pink tubular flowers

Ixia, genus Ixia

a monocotyledonous genus of the family Iridaceae

genus Gladiolus

gladiolas

gladiolus, gladiola, sword lily

any of numerous plants of the genus Gladiolus native chiefly to tropical and South Africa having sword-shaped leaves and one-sided spikes of brightly colored funnel-shaped flowers; widely cultivated

Sisyrinchium, genus Sisyrinchium

chiefly North American grasslike herbs

corn lily

any of several South African plants of the genus Ixia having grasslike leaves and clusters of showy variously colored lilylike flowers; widely cultivated

blue-eyed grass

plant with grasslike foliage and delicate blue flowers

Sparaxis, genus Sparaxis

deciduous perennial herbs of South Africa

Amaryllidaceae, family Amaryllidaceae, amaryllis family

snowdrop; narcissus; daffodil; in some classification systems considered a subfamily of the Liliaceae

wandflower, Sparaxis tricolor

a showy often-cultivated plant with tawny yellow often purple-spotted flowers

amaryllis

bulbous plant having showy white to reddish flowers

genus Amaryllis

type genus of the Amaryllidaceae; bulbous flowering plants of southern Africa

belladonna lily, naked lady, Amaryllis belladonna

amaryllis of South Africa often cultivated for its fragrant white or rose flowers

Bomarea, genus Bomarea

large genus of tropical American vines having showy often spotted umbellate flowers; sometimes placed in family Liliaceae especially subfamily Alstroemeriaceae

salsilla, Bomarea edulis

tropical vine having pink-and-yellow flowers spotted purple and edible roots sometimes boiled as a potato substitute; West Indies to northern South America

Haemanthus, genus Haemanthus

genus of African deciduous or evergreen bulbous herbs: blood lilies

salsilla, Bomarea salsilla

tropical vine having umbels of small purple flowers and edible roots sometimes boiled as a potato substitute; Colombia

Cape tulip, Haemanthus coccineus

spectacular plant having large prostrate leaves barred in reddish-purple and flowers with a clump of long yellow stamens in a coral-red cup of fleshy bracts; South Africa

blood lily

any of various deciduous or evergreen herbs of the genus Haemanthus; South Africa and Namibia

genus Hippeastrum

bulbous flowering plants of tropical America

narcissus

bulbous plant having erect linear leaves and showy yellow or white flowers either solitary or in clusters

hippeastrum, Hippeastrum puniceum

amaryllis of tropical America often cultivated as a houseplant for its showy white to red flowers

genus Narcissus

Old World perennial bulbous herbs

daffodil, Narcissus pseudonarcissus

any of numerous varieties of Narcissus plants having showy often yellow flowers with a trumpet-shaped central crown

jonquil, Narcissus jonquilla

widely cultivated ornamental plant native to southern Europe but naturalized elsewhere having fragrant yellow or white clustered flowers

jonquil

often used colloquially for any yellow daffodil

Strekelia, genus Strekelia

a monocotyledonous genus of the amaryllis family

Hypoxidaceae, family Hypoxidaceae

in some classification systems included in the Amaryllidaceae

Jacobean lily, Aztec lily, Strekelia formosissima

Mexican bulbous herb cultivated for its handsome bright red solitary flower

Hypoxis, genus Hypoxis

small plants that resemble Amaryllis and that grow from a corm and bear flowers on a leafless stalk; sometimes classified as member of the family Amaryllidaceae: star grass

star grass

any plant of the genus Hypoxis having long grasslike leaves and yellow star-shaped flowers: Africa; Australia; southern Asia; North America

American star grass, Hypoxis hirsuta

perennial star grass of North America

Liliaceae, family Liliaceae, lily family

includes species sometimes divided among the following families: Alliaceae; Aloeaceae; Alstroemeriaceae; Aphyllanthaceae; Asparagaceae; Asphodelaceae; Colchicaceae; Convallariaceae; Hemerocallidaceae; Hostaceae; Hyacinthaceae; Melanthiaceae; Ruscaceae; Smilacaceae; Tecophilaeacea; Xanthorrhoeaceae

liliaceous plant

plant growing from a bulb or corm or rhizome or tuber

lily

any liliaceous plant of the genus Lilium having showy pendulous flowers

Lilium, genus Lilium

type genus of Liliaceae

Canada lily, wild yellow lily, meadow lily, wild meadow lily, Lilium canadense

common lily of the eastern United States having nodding yellow or reddish flowers spotted with brown

mountain lily, Lilium auratum

golden-rayed lily of Japan

Madonna lily, white lily, Annunciation lily, Lent lily, Lilium candidum

lily of eastern Mediterranean and the Balkans with broad funnel-shaped white flowers

tiger lily, leopard lily, pine lily, Lilium catesbaei

lily of southeastern United States having cup-shaped flowers with deep yellow to scarlet recurved petals

Columbia tiger lily, Oregon lily, Lilium columbianum

lily of western North America with showy orange-red purple-spotted flowers

Easter lily, Bermuda lily, white trumpet lily, Lilium longiflorum

tall lily have large white trumpet-shaped flowers that bloom in the spring

tiger lily, devil lily, kentan, Lilium lancifolium

east Asian perennial having large reddish-orange black-spotted flowers with reflexed petals

coast lily, Lilium maritinum

orange-flowered lily of Pacific coast of United States

Michigan lily, Lilium michiganense

lily of central North America having recurved orange-red flowers with deep crimson spots

Turk's-cap, martagon, Lilium martagon

lily with small dull purple flowers of northwestern Europe and NY Asia

leopard lily, panther lily, Lilium pardalinum

lily of western United States having orange-red to crimson maroon-spotted flowers

Turk's-cap, Turk's cap-lily, Lilium superbum

lily of the eastern United States with orange to red maroon-spotted flowers

wood lily, Lilium philadelphicum

lily of eastern North America having orange to orange-red purple-spotted flowers

genus Agapanthus

small genus of South African evergreen or deciduous plants; sometimes placed in family or subfamily Aliaceae

African lily, African tulip, blue African lily, Agapanthus africanus

African plant with bright green evergreen leaves and umbels of many usually deep violet-blue flowers

agapanthus, lily of the Nile

any of various plants of the genus Agapanthus having umbels of showy blue to purple flowers

genus Albuca

genus of bulbous plants of South Africa; sometimes placed in subfamily Hyacinthaceae

albuca

any of various plants of the genus Albuca having large clusters of pale yellow flowers; South Africa

Aletris, genus Aletris

small genus of bitter-rooted herbs of eastern North America and Asia; sometimes placed in family Melanthiaceae

colicroot, colic root, crow corn, star grass, unicorn root

any of several perennials of the genus Aletris having grasslike leaves and bitter roots reputed to cure colic

ague root, ague grass, Aletris farinosa

colicroot having a scurfy or granuliferous perianth and white flowers; southeastern United States

yellow colicroot, Aletris aurea

colicroot with yellow-bracted racemose flowers; smaller than Aletris farinosa; southeastrn United States

Allium, genus Allium

large genus of perennial and biennial pungent bulbous plants: garlic; leek; onion; chive; sometimes placed in family Alliacea as the type genus

Alliaceae, family Alliaceae

one of many families or subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted; includes especially genus Allium

alliaceous plant

bulbous plants having a characteristic pungent onion odor

wild onion

any of various plants of the genus Allium with edible bulbs found growing wild

Hooker's onion, Allium acuminatum

a common North American wild onion with a strong onion odor and an umbel of pink flowers atop a leafless stalk; British Columbia to California and Arizona and east to Wyoming and Colorado

wild leek, Levant garlic, kurrat, Allium ampeloprasum

coarse Old World perennial having a large bulb and tall stalk of greenish purple-tinged flowers; widely naturalized

Canada garlic, meadow leek, rose leek, Allium canadense

North American bulbous plant

keeled garlic, Allium carinatum

Eurasian bulbous plant

onion, onion plant, Allium cepa

bulbous plant having hollow leaves cultivated worldwide for its rounded edible bulb

shallot, eschalot, multiplier onion, Allium cepa aggregatum, Allium ascalonicum

type of onion plant producing small clustered mild-flavored bulbs used as seasoning

tree onion, Egyptian onion, top onion, Allium cepa viviparum

type of perennial onion grown chiefly as a curiosity or for early salad onions; having bulbils that replace the flowers

nodding onion, nodding wild onion, lady's leek, Allium cernuum

widely distributed North American wild onion with white to rose flowers

Welsh onion, Japanese leek, Allium fistulosum

Asiatic onion with slender bulbs; used as early green onions

few-flowered leek, Allium paradoxum

leek producing bulbils instead of flowers; Russia and Iran

red-skinned onion, Allium haematochiton

onion with white to deep red tunic; California

leek, scallion, Allium porrum

plant having a large slender white bulb and flat overlapping dark green leaves; used in cooking; believed derived from the wild Allium ampeloprasum

daffodil garlic, flowering onion, Naples garlic, Allium neopolitanum

European onion with white flowers

garlic, Allium sativum

bulbous herb of southern Europe widely naturalized; bulb breaks up into separate strong-flavored cloves

sand leek, giant garlic, Spanish garlic, rocambole, Allium scorodoprasum

European leek cultivated and used like leeks

ramp, wild leek, Allium tricoccum

North American perennial having a slender bulb and whitish flowers

chives, chive, cive, schnittlaugh, Allium schoenoprasum

perennial having hollow cylindrical leaves used for seasoning

round-headed leek, Allium sphaerocephalum

Old World leek with a spherical bulb

crow garlic, false garlic, field garlic, stag's garlic, wild garlic, Allium vineale

pungent Old World wild onion

wild garlic, wood garlic, Ramsons, Allium ursinum

pungent Old World weedy plant

garlic chive, Chinese chive, Oriental garlic, Allium tuberosum

Eastern Asian plant; larger than Allium_schoenoprasum

genus Aloe

large genus of chiefly African liliaceous plants; in some systems placed in family Aloeaceae

three-cornered leek, triquetrous leek, Allium triquetrum

European leek naturalized in Great Britain; leaves triangular in section

Aloeaceae, family Aloeaceae, aloe family

one of many families or subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted

cape aloe, Aloe ferox

much-branched South African plant with reddish prickly succulent leaves

aloe

succulent plants having rosettes of leaves usually with hemp-like fiber and spikes of showy flowers; chiefly Africa

genus Kniphofia

genus of showy clump-forming African herbs with grasslike leaves; sometimes placed in family Aloeaceae

burn plant, Aloe vera

very short-stemmed plant with thick leaves with soothing mucilaginous juice; leaves develop spiny margins with maturity; native to Mediterranean region; grown widely in tropics and as houseplants

kniphofia, tritoma, flameflower

a plant of the genus Kniphofia having long grasslike leaves and tall scapes of red or yellow drooping flowers

red-hot poker, Kniphofia praecox

widely cultivated hybrid poker plant

poker plant, Kniphofia uvaria

clump-forming plant of South Africa with spikes of scarlet flowers

Peruvian lily, lily of the Incas, Alstroemeria pelegrina

an Andean herb having umbels of showy pinkish-purple lilylike flowers

Alstroemeriaceae, family Alstroemeriaceae

one of many families or subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted; sometimes included in subfamily Amaryllidaceae

genus Alstroemeria

genus of showy South American herbs with leafy stems; sometimes placed in family Alstroemeriaceae or in family Amaryllidaceae

alstroemeria

any of various South American plants of the genus Alstroemeria valued for their handsome umbels of beautiful flowers

Amianthum, genus Amianthum

1 species: fly poison; sometimes placed in family Melanthiaceae

fly poison, Amianthum muscaetoxicum, Amianthum muscitoxicum

all parts of plant are highly toxic; bulb pounded and used as a fly poison; sometimes placed in subfamily Melanthiaceae

Aphyllanthes, genus Aphyllanthes

1 species; small fibrous-rooted perennial with rushlike foliage and deep blue flowers; sometimes placed in its own family Aphyllanthaceae

Anthericum, genus Anthericum

genus of Old World (mainly African) perennial herbs; sometimes placed in family Asphodelaceae

Saint-Bernard's-lily, Anthericum liliago

southern European plant commonly cultivated for its spikes of small starry greenish-white flowers

amber lily, Anthericum torreyi

plant having basal grasslike leaves and a narrow open cluster of starlike yellowish-orange flowers atop a leafless stalk; southwestern United States; only species of Anthericum growing in North America

Aphyllanthaceae, family Aphyllanthaceae

one of many families or subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted; includes genus Aphyllanthes

genus Asparagus

large genus of Old World perennial herbs with erect or spreading or climbing stems and small scalelike leaves and inconspicuous flowers; sometimes placed in family Asparagaceae

Asparagaceae, family Asparagaceae

one of many families or subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae: includes genera Asparagus and sometimes Ruscus

asparagus, edible asparagus, Asparagus officinales

plant whose succulent young shoots are cooked and eaten as a vegetable

asparagus fern, Asparagus setaceous, Asparagus plumosus

a fernlike plant native to South Africa

smilax, Asparagus asparagoides

fragile twining plant of South Africa with bright green flattened stems and glossy foliage popular as a floral decoration

Asphodelaceae, family Asphodelaceae

one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae

Asphodeline, genus Asphodeline

genus of rhizomatous perennial or biennial herbs with numerous sometimes fragrant flowers in long cylindrical racemes; Mediterranean region to Caucasus; sometimes placed in family Asphodelaceae

asphodel

any of various chiefly Mediterranean plants of the genera Asphodeline and Asphodelus having linear leaves and racemes of white or pink or yellow flowers

Jacob's rod

asphodel having erect smooth unbranched stem either flexuous or straight

king's spear, yellow asphodel, Asphodeline lutea

asphodel with leafy stem and fragrant yellow flowers

Asphodelus, genus Asphodelus

small genus of tall striking annuals or perennials with grasslike foliage and flowers in dense racemes or panicles; Mediterranean to Himalayas; sometimes placed in family Asphodelaceae

genus Aspidistra

genus of eastern Asiatic herbs; sometimes placed in the family Convallariaceae

aspidistra, cast-iron plant, bar-room plant, Aspidistra elatio

evergreen perennial with large handsome basal leaves; grown primarily as a foliage houseplant

Bessera, genus Bessera

small genus of cormous perennials of Mexico; sometimes placed in family Alliaceae

coral drops, Bessera elegans

half-hardy Mexican herb cultivated for its drooping terminal umbels of showy red-and-white flowers

Bloomeria, genus Bloomeria

small genus of bulbous perennial herbs of southwestern United States and Mexico; sometimes placed in family Alliaceae

Blandfordia, genus Blandfordia

small species of tuberous-rooted Australian perennial herbs

Christmas bells

any of several plants of the genus Blandfordia having large orange or crimson flowers

golden star, golden stars, Bloomeria crocea

California plant having grasslike leaves and showy orange flowers

Bowiea, genus Bowiea

small genus of tropical African perennial bulbous herbs with deciduous twining stems; sometimes placed in family Hyacinthaceae

climbing onion, Bowiea volubilis

much-branched leafless twining South African herb cultivated as an ornamental for its bright green stems growing from large above-ground bulbs

genus Brodiaea

genus of western United States bulbous plants with basal leaves and variously colored flowers; sometimes placed in family Alliaceae

elegant brodiaea, Brodiaea elegans

brodiaea having an umbel of violet or blue-violet flowers atop a leafless stalk; northern Oregon to southern California

brodiaea

any of several plants of the genus Brodiaea having basal grasslike leaves and globose flower heads on leafless stems resembling those of genus Allium

Calochortus, genus Calochortus

large genus of western North American leafy-stemmed bulbous herbs

rose globe lily, Calochortus amoenus

globe lily with deep rose-pink or purple egg-shaped flowers on flexuous stems; western slopes of Sierra Nevada in San Joaquin Valley

mariposa, mariposa tulip, mariposa lily

any of several plants of the genus Calochortus having tulip-shaped flowers with 3 sepals and 3 petals; southwestern United States and Mexico

globe lily, fairy lantern

any of several plants of the genus Calochortus having egg-shaped flowers

cat's-ear

any of several plants of the genus Calochortus having flowers with petals shaped like cat's ears

white globe lily, white fairy lantern, Calochortus albus

globe lily having open branched clusters of egg-shaped white flowers; southern California

yellow globe lily, golden fairy lantern, Calochortus amabilis

globe lily having open branched clusters of clear yellow egg-shaped flowers; northern California

star tulip, elegant cat's ears, Calochortus elegans

small plant with slender bent stems bearing branched clusters of a few white star-shaped flowers with petals shaped like cat's ears; southeastern Washington and northeastern Oregon to Montana

desert mariposa tulip, Calochortus kennedyi

mariposa with clusters of bell-shaped vermilion or orange or yellow flowers atop short stems; southern California to Arizona and Mexico

yellow mariposa tulip, Calochortus luteus

mariposa having umbel-like clusters of a few large deep yellow bell-shaped flowers atop slender stems; California coastal ranges

sagebrush mariposa tulip, Calochortus macrocarpus

mariposa having loose umbel-like clusters of 1-3 handsome lilac flowers atop stout erect stems; arid northwestern North America east of Cascade Mountains from southern British Columbia to northern California

sego lily, Calochortus nuttallii

perennial plant having umbel-like clusters of 1-4 showy white bell-shaped flowers atop erect unbranched stems; edible bulbs useful in times of scarcity; eastern Montana and western North Dakota south to northern Arizona and northwestern New Mexico

wild hyacinth, indigo squill, Camassia scilloides

eastern camas; eastern and central North America

Camassia, genus Camassia, Quamassia, genus Quamassia

genus of scapose herbs of North and South America having large edible bulbs

camas, camass, quamash, camosh, camash

any of several plants of the genus Camassia; North and South America

common camas, Camassia quamash

plant having a large edible bulb and linear basal leaves and racemes of light to deep violet-blue star-shaped flowers on tall green scapes; western North America

Leichtlin's camas, Camassia leichtlinii

west of Cascade Mountains

Erythronium, genus Erythronium

perennial bulbous herbs most of northern United States: dogtooth violet; adder's tongue; trout lily; fawn lily

white dogtooth violet, white dog's-tooth violet, blonde lilian, Erythronium albidum

North American dogtooth having solitary white flowers with yellow centers and blue- or pink-tinted exteriors

dogtooth violet, dogtooth, dog's-tooth violet

perennial woodland spring-flowering plant; widely cultivated

yellow adder's tongue, trout lily, amberbell, Erythronium americanum

eastern North American dogtooth having solitary yellow flowers marked with brown or purple and spotted interiors

fawn lily, Erythronium californicum

California dogtooth violet with creamy white flowers sometimes yellow-tinged

European dogtooth, Erythronium dens-canis

sturdy European dogtooth with rose to mauve flowers; cultivated in many varieties

glacier lily, snow lily, Erythronium grandiflorum

dogtooth violet of western North America having bright yellow flowers

mission bells, black fritillary, Fritillaria biflora

herb of southwestern United States having dark purple bell-shaped flowers mottled with green

avalanche lily, Erythronium montanum

perennial herb having large white orange-marked flowers; found near snow line in northwestern United States

Fritillaria, genus Fritillaria

fritillary

fritillary, checkered lily

any liliaceous plant of the genus Fritillaria having nodding variously colored flowers

mission bells, rice-grain fritillary, Fritillaria affinis, Fritillaria lanceolata, Fritillaria mutica

herb of northwestern America having green-and-purple bell-shaped flowers

crown imperial, Fritillaria imperialis

Eurasian herb with a cluster of leaves and orange-red bell-shaped flowers at the top of the stem

stink bell, Fritillaria agrestis

a malodorous California herb with bell-shaped flowers; a common weed in grainfields

snake's head fritillary, guinea-hen flower, checkered daffodil, leper lily, Fritillaria meleagris

Eurasian checkered lily with pendant flowers usually veined and checkered with purple or maroon on a pale ground and shaped like the bells carried by lepers in medieval times; widely grown as an ornamental

white fritillary, Fritillaria liliaceae

California herb with white conic or bell-shaped flowers usually green-tinged

brown bells, Fritillaria micrantha, Fritillaria parviflora

California herb with brownish-purple or greenish bell-shaped flowers

adobe lily, pink fritillary, Fritillaria pluriflora

California herb with pinkish purple flowers

tulip

any of numerous perennial bulbous herbs having linear or broadly lanceolate leaves and usually a single showy flower

scarlet fritillary, Fritillaria recurva

western United States herb with scarlet and yellow narrow bell-shaped flowers

Tulipa, genus Tulipa

Eurasian perennial bulbous herbs

lady tulip, candlestick tulip, Tulipa clusiana

Eurasian tulip with small flowers blotched at the base

dwarf tulip, Tulipa armena, Tulipa suaveolens

small early-blooming tulip

cottage tulip

any of several long-stemmed May-flowering tulips with egg-shaped variously colored flowers

Tulipa gesneriana

tall late-blooming tulip

Darwin tulip

any of several very tall, late-blooming tulips bearing large squarish flowers on sturdy stems

Colchicaceae, family Colchicaceae

one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted: Colchicum; Gloriosa

Colchicum, genus Colchicum

chiefly fall-blooming perennial cormous herbs; sometimes placed in family Colchicaceae

autumn crocus, meadow saffron, naked lady, Colchicum autumnale

bulbous autumn-flowering herb with white, purple or lavender-and-white flowers; native to western and central Europe

genus Gloriosa

sometimes placed in family Colchicaceae; one species: glory lily

Hemerocallidaceae, family Hemerocallidaceae

one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted; includes genus Hemerocallis

gloriosa, glory lily, climbing lily, creeping lily, Gloriosa superba

any plant of the genus Gloriosa of tropical Africa and Asia; a perennial herb climbing by means of tendrils at leaf tips having showy yellow to red or purple flowers; all parts are poisonous

Hemerocallis, genus Hemerocallis

east Asian rhizomatous clump-forming perennial herbs having flowers on long leafless stalks; cosmopolitan in cultivation: day lilies; sometimes placed in subfamily Hemerocallidaceae

day lily, daylily

any of numerous perennials having tuberous roots and long narrow bladelike leaves and usually yellow lilylike flowers that bloom for only a day

Hosta, genus Hosta, Funka, genus Funka

robust east Asian clump-forming perennial herbs having racemose flowers: plantain lilies; sometimes placed in family Hostaceae

lemon lily, Hemerocallis lilio-asphodelus, Hemerocallis flava

a day lily with yellow flowers

Hostaceae, family Hostaceae, Funkaceae, family Funkaceae

one of many families or subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted; includes genus Hosta

hyacinth

any of numerous bulbous perennial herbs

plantain lily, day lily

any of numerous perennials having mounds of sumptuous broad ribbed leaves and clusters of white, blue, or lilac flowers; used as ground cover

Hyacinthaceae, family Hyacinthaceae

one of many families or subfamilies in which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted

genus Hyacinthus

sometimes placed in family Hyacinthaceae as the type genus

common hyacinth, Hyacinthus orientalis

widely grown for its fragrance and its white, pink, blue, or purplish flowers

Roman hyacinth, Hyacinthus orientalis albulus

hyacinth with loosely flowered spikes, several growing from one bulb

Hyacinthoides, genus Hyacinthoides

small genus of perennial bulbs of western Europe and North Africa; sometimes placed in family Hyacinthaceae

summer hyacinth, cape hyacinth, Hyacinthus candicans, Galtonia candicans

southern African herb with white bell-shaped flowers

Ornithogalum, genus Ornithogalum

sometimes placed in family Hyacinthaceae

wild hyacinth, wood hyacinth, bluebell, harebell, Hyacinthoides nonscripta, Scilla nonscripta

sometimes placed in genus Scilla

star-of-Bethlehem

any of several perennial plants of the genus Ornithogalum native to the Mediterranean and having star-shaped flowers

starflower, sleepy dick, summer snowflake, Ornithogalum umbellatum

common Old World herb having grasslike leaves and clusters of star-shaped white flowers with green stripes; naturalized in the eastern United States

bath asparagus, Prussian asparagus, Ornithogalum pyrenaicum

Old World star of Bethlehem having edible young shoots

chincherinchee, wonder flower, Ornithogalum thyrsoides

South African perennial with long-lasting spikes of white blossoms that are shipped in to Europe and America for use as winter cut flowers

Muscari, genus Muscari

sometimes placed in family Hyacinthaceae

grape hyacinth

any of various early flowering spring hyacinths native to Eurasia having dense spikes of rounded blue flowers resembling bunches of small grapes

common grape hyacinth, Muscari neglectum

prolific species having particularly beautiful dark blue flowers

tassel hyacinth, Muscari comosum

large beautiful Mediterranean species having sterile bluish-violet flowers with fringed corollas forming a tuft above the fertile flowers

genus Scilla

sometimes placed in subfamily Hyacinthaceae

scilla, squill

an Old World plant of the genus Scilla having narrow basal leaves and pink or blue or white racemose flowers

spring squill, Scilla verna, sea onion

European scilla with small blue or purple flowers

Tofieldia, genus Tofieldia

genus of perennial herbs of cool temperate regions; sometimes placed in family Melanthiaceae

false asphodel

a plant of the genus Tofieldia having linear chiefly basal leaves and small spicate flowers

Scotch asphodel, Tofieldia pusilla

false asphodel having spikes of white or white-green flowers; of mountainous regions of Europe

Urginea, genus Urginea

Mediterranean liliaceous plants; sometimes placed in family Hyacinthaceae

sea squill, sea onion, squill, Urginea maritima

having dense spikes of small white flowers and yielding a bulb with medicinal properties

Ruscus, genus Ruscus

a genus of European evergreen shrubs; sometimes placed in family Asparagaceae

butcher's broom, Ruscus aculeatus

shrub with stiff-pointed flattened stems resembling leaves (cladophylls); used for making brooms

Melanthiaceae, family Melanthiaceae

one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted: includes Aletris; Narthecium; Veratrum

Narthecium, genus Narthecium

bog asphodels; sometimes placed in family Melanthiaceae

bog asphodel

either of two herbaceous rushlike bog plants having small yellow flowers and grasslike leaves; north temperate regions

European bog asphodel, Narthecium ossifragum

of western Europe: Scandinavia to northern Spain and Portugal

Veratrum, genus Veratrum

a genus of coarse poisonous perennial herbs; sometimes placed in subfamily Melanthiaceae

American bog asphodel, Narthecium americanum

of the eastern United States: New Jersey to South Carolina

hellebore, false hellebore

perennial herbs of the lily family having thick toxic rhizomes

white hellebore, American hellebore, Indian poke, bugbane, Veratrum viride

North American plant having large leaves and yellowish green flowers growing in racemes; yields a toxic alkaloid used medicinally

Ruscaceae, family Ruscaceae

one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted

Tecophilaeacea, family Tecophilaeacea

one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted

Xanthorrhoeaceae, family Xanthorrhoeaceae, grass tree family

one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted

Xerophyllum, genus Xerophyllum

small genus of North American herbs having grasslike basal leaves: squaw_grass; sometimes placed in family Melanthiaceae

squaw grass, bear grass, Xerophyllum tenax

plant of western North America having woody rhizomes and tufts of stiff grasslike basal leaves and spikes of creamy white flowers

Xanthorroea, genus Xanthorroea

grass trees; sometimes placed in family Xanthorrhoeaceae

Zigadenus, genus Zigadenus

genus of mostly North American poisonous plants; sometimes placed in family Melanthiaceae

grass tree, Australian grass tree

any of several Australian evergreen perennials having short thick woody stems crowned by a tuft of grasslike foliage and yielding acaroid resins

alkali grass, Zigadenus elegans

plant of western North America having grasslike leaves and greenish-white flowers

death camas, zigadene

any of various plants of the genus Zigadenus having glaucous leaves and terminal racemes of mostly white flowers; all are poisonous

white camas, Zigadenus glaucus

plant of eastern and central North America having creamy white flowers tinged with brown or purple; poisonous especially to grazing animals

poison camas, Zigadenus nuttalli

a common perennial death camas; Tennessee to Kansas to Texas

grassy death camas, Zigadenus venenosus, Zigadenus venenosus gramineus

plant of western North America to Mexico; poisonous especially to grazing animals

trillium, wood lily, wake-robin

any liliaceous plant of the genus Trillium having a whorl of three leaves at the top of the stem with a single three-petalled flower

Trilliaceae, family Trilliaceae, trillium family

small family of herbs having flowers with 3 petals and 3 sepals; in some classification systems considered a subfamily of the Liliaceae

genus Trillium

deciduous perennial herbs; sometimes placed in family Liliaceae

prairie wake-robin, prairie trillium, Trillium recurvatum

trillium of central United States having dark purple sessile flowers

dwarf-white trillium, snow trillium, early wake-robin

a low perennial white-flowered trillium found in the southeastern United States

purple trillium, red trillium, birthroot, Trillium erectum

trillium of eastern North America having malodorous pink to purple flowers and an astringent root used in fold medicine especially to ease childbirth

Paris, genus Paris

sometimes placed in subfamily Trilliaceae

red trillium, toadshade, sessile trillium, Trillium sessile

trillium of northeastern United States with sessile leaves and red or purple flowers having a pungent odor

herb Paris, Paris quadrifolia

European herb with yelow-green flowers resembling and closely related to the trilliums; reputed to be poisonous

Smilacaceae, subfamily Smilacaceae

one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted

sarsaparilla

any of various prickly climbing plants of the tropical American genus Smilax having aromatic roots and heart-shaped leaves

Smilax, genus Smilax

sometimes placed in Smilacaceae

bullbrier, greenbrier, catbrier, horsebrier, brier, briar, Smilax rotundifolia

a very prickly woody vine of the eastern United States growing in tangled masses having tough round stems with shiny leathery leaves and small greenish flowers followed by clusters of inedible shiny black berries

Convallariaceae, family Convallariaceae

one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae but not widely accepted

rough bindweed, Smilax aspera

creeping or climbing evergreen having spiny zigzag stems with shiny leaves and racemes of pale-green flowers; Canary Islands to southern Europe and Ethiopia and India

lily of the valley, lilies of the valley, May lily, Convallaria majalis

low-growing perennial plant having usually two large oblong lanceolate leaves and a raceme of small fragrant nodding bell-shaped flowers followed by scarlet berries

Convallaria, genus Convallaria

sometimes placed in family Convallariaceae: lily_of_the_valley

genus Clintonia

sometimes placed in family Convallariaceae

red Clintonia, Andrew's clintonia, Clintonia andrewsiana

plant with nearly leafless stalk topped by an umbel-like cluster of red or reddish_lavender flowers; California to Oregon

clintonia, Clinton's lily

any temperate liliaceous plant of the genus Clintonia having broad basal leaves and white or yellowish or purplish flowers followed by blue or black berries

yellow clintonia, heal all, Clintonia borealis

common woodland herb of temperate North America having yellow nodding flowers and small round blue fruits

false lily of the valley, Maianthemum canadense

small two-leaved herb of the northern United States and parts of Canada having racemes of small fragrant white flowers

queen's cup, bride's bonnet, Clintonia uniflora

plant with 1 or 2 white starlike flowers on short leafless stalks; Alaska to California and east to Oregon and Montana

Liriope, genus Liriope

sometimes placed in family Convallariaceae: lilyturf

lilyturf, lily turf, Liriope muscari

Asiatic perennial tufted herb with grasslike evergreen foliage and clusters of dark mauve grapelike flowers; grown as ground cover

Maianthemum, genus Maianthemum

sometimes placed in family Convallariaceae: false lily of the valley

false lily of the valley, Maianthemum bifolium

small white-flowered plant of western Europe to Japan

great Solomon's-seal, Polygonatum biflorum, Polygonatum commutatum

North American perennial herb with smooth foliage and drooping tubular greenish flowers

Polygonatum, genus Polygonatum

sometimes placed in subfamily Convallariaceae

Solomon's-seal

any of several plants of the genus Polygonatum having paired drooping yellowish-green flowers and a thick rootstock with scars shaped like Solomon's seal

Uvulariaceae, subfamily Uvulariaceae

one of many subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae

strawflower, cornflower, Uvularia grandiflora

plant of southern and southeastern United States grown for its yellow flowers that can be dried

Uvularia, genus Uvularia

genus of perennial rhizomatous herb of southern and southeastern United States

bellwort, merry bells, wild oats

any of various plants of the genus Uvularia having yellowish drooping bell-shaped flowers

Tacca, genus Tacca

genus of tropical plants with creeping rootstocks and small umbellate flowers

Taccaceae, family Taccaceae

small family of tropical herbs

pia, Indian arrowroot, Tacca leontopetaloides, Tacca pinnatifida

perennial herb of East India to Polynesia and Australia cultivated for its large edible root yielding otaheite arrowroot starch

Agavaceae, family Agavaceae, agave family, sisal family

chiefly tropical and xerophytic plants: includes Dracenaceae (Dracaenaceae); comprises plants that in some classifications are divided between the Amaryllidaceae and the Liliaceae

genus Agave

type genus of the Agavaceae; in some classifications considered a genus of Amaryllidaceae

agave, century plant, American aloe

tropical American plants with basal rosettes of fibrous sword-shaped leaves and flowers in tall spikes; some cultivated for ornament or for fiber

sisal, Agave sisalana

Mexican or West Indian plant with large fleshy leaves yielding a stiff fiber used in e.g. rope

American agave, Agave americana

widely cultivated American monocarpic plant with greenish-white flowers on a tall stalk; blooms only after ten to twenty years and then dies

maguey, Agave atrovirens

Mexican plant used especially for making pulque the source of the colorless Mexican liquor mescal

maguey, cantala, Agave cantala

Philippine plant yielding a hard fibre used in making coarse twine

Agave tequilana

Mexican plant used especially for making tequila

Cordyline, genus Cordyline

Asiatic and Pacific trees or shrubs; fragments of the trunk will regrow to form whole plants

ti, Cordyline terminalis

shrub with terminal tufts of elongated leaves used locally for thatching and clothing; thick sweet roots are used as food; tropical southeastern Asia, Australia and Hawaii

Dracenaceae, subfamily Dracenaceae, Dracaenaceae, subfamily Dracaenaceae

one of two subfamilies to which some classification systems assign some members of the Agavaceae

cabbage tree, grass tree, Cordyline australis

elegant tree having either a single trunk or a branching trunk each with terminal clusters of long narrow leaves and large panicles of fragrant white, yellow or red flowers; New Zealand

genus Dracaena

Old World tropical plants with branches ending in tufts of sword-shaped leaves; in some classifications considered a genus of Liliaceae

dracaena

often cultivated for the decorative foliage

dragon tree, Dracaena draco

tall tree of the Canary Islands; source of dragon's blood

Nolina, genus Nolina

perennial yuccalike plants of southern United States and Mexico

bear grass, Nolina microcarpa

stemless plant with tufts of grasslike leaves and erect panicle of minute creamy white flowers; southwestern United States and Mexico

Polianthes, genus Polianthes

genus of perennial tuberous herbs having lilylike flowers; Mexico; sometimes placed in family Amaryllidaceae

tuberose, Polianthes tuberosa

a tuberous Mexican herb having grasslike leaves and cultivated for its spikes of highly fragrant lilylike waxy white flowers

genus Sansevieria

Old World tropical herbaceous perennial of the agave family; in some classifications considered a genus of Liliaceae

sansevieria, bowstring hemp

grown as a houseplant for its mottled fleshy sword-shaped leaves or as a source of fiber

mother-in-law's tongue, snake plant, Sansevieria trifasciata

stemless plant having narrow rigid leaves often cultivated as a houseplant

African bowstring hemp, African hemp, Sansevieria guineensis

bowstring hemp of South Africa

Ceylon bowstring hemp, Sansevieria zeylanica

plant having thick fibrous leaves transversely banded in light and dark green

bowstring hemp

strong hemp-like fiber from sansevieria used for e.g. cordage

yucca

any of several evergreen plants of the genus Yucca having usually tall stout stems and a terminal cluster of white flowers; warmer regions of North America

genus Yucca

tropical American plants with stiff lancelike leaves and spikes of white blossoms; sometimes considered a genus of Amaryllidaceae

Spanish bayonet, Yucca aloifolia

stiff short-trunked yucca of southern United States and tropical America with rigid spine-tipped leaves and clusters of white flowers

Spanish bayonet, Yucca baccata

tall woody-stemmed yucca of southwestern United States and Mexico having stiff swortlike pointed leaves and a large cluster of white flowers

Joshua tree, Yucca brevifolia

a large branched arborescent yucca of southwestern United States having short leaves and clustered greenish white flowers

Spanish dagger, Yucca carnerosana

arborescent yucca of southwestern United States and northern Mexico with sword-shaped leaves and white flowers

soapweed, soap tree, Yucca elata

tall arborescent yucca of southwestern United States

Spanish dagger, Yucca gloriosa

yucca of southeastern United States similar to the Spanish bayonets but with shorter trunk and smoother leaves

Adam's needle, Adam's needle-and-thread, spoonleaf yucca, needle palm, Yucca filamentosa

yucca with long stiff leaves having filamentlike appendages

bear grass, Yucca glauca

yucca of west central United States having a clump of basal grasslike leaves and a central stalk with a terminal raceme of small whitish flowers

bear grass, Yucca smalliana

yucca of southern United States having a clump of basal grasslike leaves and a central stalk with a terminal raceme of small whitish flowers

Menyanthaceae, family Menyanthaceae, buckbean family

a dicotyledonous family of marsh plants of order Gentianales

Our Lord's candle, Yucca whipplei

yucca of southwestern United States and Mexico with a tall spike of creamy white flowers

Menyanthes, genus Menyanthes

the type genus of the Menyanthaceae; one species: bogbeans

water shamrock, buckbean, bogbean, bog myrtle, marsh trefoil, Menyanthes trifoliata

perennial plant of Europe and America having racemes of white or purplish flowers and intensely bitter trifoliate leaves; often rooting at water margin and spreading across the surface

Loganiaceae, family Loganiaceae

a dicotyledonous family of plants of order Gentianales

Logania, genus Logania

type genus of the Loganiaceae; Australian and New Zealand shrubs sometimes cultivated for their flowers

butterfly bush, buddleia

tropical shrub having clusters of white or violet or yellow flowers

genus Buddleia

shrubs or trees of warm regions

Gelsemium, genus Gelsemium

evergreen twining shrubs of Americas and southeastern Asia

Linaceae, family Linaceae, flax family

a widely distributed family of plants

yellow jasmine, jellow jessamine, Carolina jasmine, evening trumpet flower, Gelsemium sempervirens

poisonous woody evergreen vine of southeastern United States having fragrant yellow funnel-shaped flowers

calabar-bean vine, Physostigma venenosum

tropical African woody vine yielding calabar beans

Physostigma, genus Physostigma

African woody vines: calabar beans

Caesalpiniaceae, family Caesalpiniaceae

spiny trees, shrubs, or perennial herbs, including the genera Caesalpinia, Cassia, Ceratonia, Bauhinia; commonly included in the family Leguminosae

Caesalpinioideae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae

alternative name in some classification systems for the family Caesalpiniaceae

Caesalpinia, genus Caesalpinia

small spiny tropical trees or shrubs; includes the small genus or subgenus Poinciana

bonduc, bonduc tree, Caesalpinia bonduc, Caesalpinia bonducella

tropical tree with large prickly pods of seeds that resemble beans and are used for jewelry and rosaries

divi-divi, Caesalpinia coriaria

small thornless tree or shrub of tropical America whose seed pods are a source of tannin

Mysore thorn, Caesalpinia decapetala, Caesalpinia sepiaria

spreading thorny shrub of tropical Asia bearing large erect racemes of red-marked yellow flowers

brazilwood, peachwood, pernambuco wood, Caesalpinia echinata

tropical tree with prickly trunk; its heavy red wood yields a red dye and is used for cabinetry

bird of paradise, poinciana, Caesalpinia gilliesii, Poinciana gilliesii

a tropical flowering shrub having bright orange or red flowers; sometimes placed in genus Poinciana

brazilian ironwood, Caesalpinia ferrea

thornless tree yielding heavy wood

Acrocarpus, genus Acrocarpus

small genus of trees of Indomalaysia

pride of barbados, paradise flower, flamboyant tree, Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Poinciana pulcherrima

tropical shrub or small tree having showy yellow to orange-red flowers; sometimes placed in genus Poinciana

shingle tree, Acrocarpus fraxinifolius

East Indian timber tree with hard durable wood used especially for tea boxes

mountain ebony, orchid tree, Bauhinia variegata

small East Indian tree having orchidlike flowers and hard dark wood

Bauhinia, genus Bauhinia

mountain_ebony, orchid_tree

butterfly flower, Bauhinia monandra

shrub or small tree of Dutch Guiana having clusters of pink purple-streaked flowers

Brachystegia, genus Brachystegia

small genus of tropical African timber trees having pale golden heartwood uniformly striped with dark brown or black:

msasa, Brachystegia speciformis

small shrubby African tree having compound leaves and racemes of small fragrant green flowers

genus Cassia

some Cassia species often classified as members of the genus Senna or genus Chamaecrista

golden shower tree, drumstick tree, purging cassia, pudding pipe tree, canafistola, canafistula, Cassia fistula

deciduous or semi-evergreen tree having scented sepia to yellow flowers in drooping racemes and pods whose pulp is used medicinally; tropical Asia and Central and South America and Australia

cassia

any of various trees or shrubs of the genus Cassia having pinnately compound leaves and usually yellow flowers followed by long seedpods

pink shower, pink shower tree, horse cassia, Cassia grandis

tropical American semi-evergreen tree having erect racemes of pink or rose-colored flowers; used as an ornamental

carob, carob tree, carob bean tree, algarroba, Ceratonia siliqua

evergreen Mediterranean tree with edible pods; the biblical carob

rainbow shower, Cassia javonica

deciduous ornamental hybrid of southeastern Asia and Hawaii having racemes of flowers ranging in color from cream to orange and red

horse cassia, Cassia roxburghii, Cassia marginata

East Indian tree having long pods containing a black cathartic pulp used as a horse medicine

Ceratonia, genus Ceratonia

carobs

Cercidium, genus Cercidium

spiny shrubs or small trees sometimes placed in genus Parkinsonia: paloverde

partridge pea, sensitive pea, wild sensitive plant, Chamaecrista fasciculata, Cassia fasciculata

tropical American plant having leaflets somewhat sensitive to the touch; sometimes placed in genus Cassia

Chamaecrista, genus Chamaecrista

genus of tropical herbs or subshrubs having sensitive leaves and suddenly dehiscing pods; some species placed in genus Cassia

Delonix, genus Delonix

evergreen or deciduous trees of tropical Africa and India

royal poinciana, flamboyant, flame tree, peacock flower, Delonix regia, Poinciana regia

showy tropical tree or shrub native to Madagascar; widely planted in tropical regions for its immense racemes of scarlet and orange flowers; sometimes placed in genus Poinciana

locust tree, locust

any of various hard-wooded trees of the family Leguminosae

water locust, swamp locust, Gleditsia aquatica

honey locust of swamps and bottomlands of southern United States having short oval pods; yields dark heavy wood

Gleditsia, genus Gleditsia

deciduous trees: honey locusts

honey locust, Gleditsia triacanthos

tall usually spiny North American tree having small greenish-white flowers in drooping racemes followed by long twisting seed pods; yields very hard durable reddish-brown wood; introduced to temperate Old World

Kentucky coffee tree, bonduc, chicot, Gymnocladus dioica

handsome tree of central and eastern North America having large bipinnate leaves and green-white flowers followed by large woody brown pods whose seeds are used as a coffee substitute

Gymnocladus, genus Gymnocladus

small genus of deciduous trees of China and United States having paniculate flowers and thick pulpy pods

Haematoxylum, genus Haematoxylum, Haematoxylon, genus Haematoxylon

small genus of tropical American spiny bushy shrubs or trees

logwood, logwood tree, campeachy, bloodwood tree, Haematoxylum campechianum

spiny shrub or small tree of Central America and West Indies having bipinnate leaves and racemes of small bright yellow flowers and yielding a hard brown or brownish-red heartwood used in preparing a black dye

Parkinsonia, genus Parkinsonia

small genus of spiny shrubs or small trees

Jerusalem thorn, horsebean, Parkinsonia aculeata

large shrub or shrubby tree having sharp spines and pinnate leaves with small deciduous leaflets and sweet-scented racemose yellow-orange flowers; grown as ornamentals or hedging or emergency food for livestock; tropical America but naturalized in southern United States

Poinciana, subgenus Poinciana

small subgenus of ornamental tropical shrubs or trees; not recognized in some classifications

palo verde, Parkinsonia florida, Cercidium floridum

densely branched spiny tree of southwestern United States having showy yellow flowers and blue-green bark; sometimes placed in genus Cercidium

Petteria, genus Petteria

1 species: Dalmatian laburnum

Dalmatian laburnum, Petteria ramentacea, Cytisus ramentaceus

erect shrub having large trifoliate leaves and dense clusters of yellow flowers followed by poisonous seeds; Yugoslavia; sometimes placed in genus Cytisus

genus Senna

genus of shrubs and trees and herbs many of which are often classified as members of the genus Cassia

senna

any of various plants of the genus Senna having pinnately compound leaves and showy usually yellow flowers; many are used medicinally

ringworm bush, ringworm shrub, ringworm cassia, Senna alata, Cassia alata

tropical shrub (especially of Americas) having yellow flowers and large leaves whose juice is used as a cure for ringworm and poisonous bites; sometimes placed in genus Cassia

avaram, tanner's cassia, Senna auriculata, Cassia auriculata

evergreen Indian shrub with vivid yellow flowers whose bark is used in tanning; sometimes placed in genus Cassia

wild senna, Senna marilandica, Cassia marilandica

North American perennial herb; leaves are used medicinally; sometimes placed in genus Cassia

Alexandria senna, Alexandrian senna, true senna, tinnevelly senna, Indian senna, Senna alexandrina, Cassia acutifolia, Cassia augustifolia

erect shrub having racemes of tawny yellow flowers; the dried leaves are used medicinally as a cathartic; sometimes placed in genus Cassia

coffee senna, mogdad coffee, styptic weed, stinking weed, Senna occidentalis, Cassia occidentalis

very leafy malodorous tropical weedy shrub whose seeds have been used as an adulterant for coffee; sometimes classified in genus Cassia

sicklepod, Senna obtusifolia, Cassia tora

cosmopolitan tropical herb or subshrub with yellow flowers and slender curved pods; a weed; sometimes placed in genus Cassia

tamarind, tamarind tree, tamarindo, Tamarindus indica

long-lived tropical evergreen tree with a spreading crown and feathery evergreen foliage and fragrant flowers yielding hard yellowish wood and long pods with edible chocolate-colored acidic pulp

Tamarindus, genus Tamarindus

widely cultivated tropical trees originally of Africa

Papilionaceae, family Papilionacea

leguminous plants whose flowers have butterfly-shaped corollas; commonly included in the family Leguminosae

amorpha

any plant of the genus Amorpha having odd-pinnate leaves and purplish spicate flowers

Papilionoideae, subfamily Papilionoideae

alternative name used in some classification systems for the family Papilionaceae

genus Amorpha

American herbs or shrubs usually growing in dry sunny habitats on prairies and hillsides

false indigo, bastard indigo, Amorpha californica

erect to spreading hairy shrub of United States Pacific coast having racemes of red to indigo flowers

leadplant, lead plant, Amorpha canescens

shrub of sandy woodlands and stream banks of western United States having hoary pinnate flowers and dull-colored racemose flowers; thought to indicate the presence of lead ore

Amphicarpaea, genus Amphicarpaea, Amphicarpa, genus Amphicarpa

very small genus of twining vines of North America and Asia: hog peanut

false indigo, bastard indigo, Amorpha fruticosa

dense shrub of moist riverbanks and flood plains of the eastern United States having attractive fragrant foliage and dense racemes of dark purple flowers

hog peanut, wild peanut, Amphicarpaea bracteata, Amphicarpa bracteata

vine widely distributed in eastern North America producing racemes of purple to maroon flowers and abundant usually subterranean edible peanutlike one-seeded pods

Anagyris, genus Anagyris

very small genus of shrubs of southern Europe having backward curving seed pods

bean trefoil, stinking bean trefoil, Anagyris foetida

shrub with trifoliate leaves and yellow flowers followed by backward curving seed pods; leaves foetid when crushed

Andira, genus Andira

small genus of evergreen trees of tropical America and western Africa

angelim, andelmin

any of several tropical American trees of the genus Andira

cabbage bark, cabbage-bark tree, cabbage tree, Andira inermis

tree with shaggy unpleasant-smelling toxic bark and yielding strong durable wood; bark and seeds used as a purgative and vermifuge and narcotic

Anthyllis, genus Anthyllis

genus of Mediterranean herbs and shrubs

Apios, genus Apios

twining perennial North American plants

Jupiter's beard, silverbush, Anthyllis barba-jovis

silvery hairy European shrub with evergreen foliage and pale yellow flowers

kidney vetch, Anthyllis vulneraria

perennial Eurasian herb having heads of red or yellow flowers and common in meadows and pastures; formerly used medicinally for kidney disorders

Aspalathus, genus Aspalathus

genus of South African heathlike shrubs

groundnut, groundnut vine, Indian potato, potato bean, wild bean, Apios americana, Apios tuberosa

a North American vine with fragrant blossoms and edible tubers; important food crop of Native Americans

rooibos, Aspalathus linearis, Aspalathus cedcarbergensis

South African shrub having flat acuminate leaves and yellow flowers; leaves are aromatic when dried and used to make an herbal tea

alpine milk vetch, Astragalus alpinus

perennial of mountainous areas of Eurasia and North America

Astragalus, genus Astragalus

large genus of annual or perennial herbs or shrubs of north temperate regions; largest genus in the family Leguminosae

milk vetch, milkvetch

any of various plants of the genus Astragalus

wild licorice, wild liquorice, Astragalus glycyphyllos

European perennial

purple milk vetch, Astragalus danicus

perennial of southern and western Europe having dense racemes of purple or violet flowers

Baphia, genus Baphia

small genus of shrubs and lianas and trees of Africa and Madagascar

camwood, African sandalwood, Baphia nitida

small shrubby African tree with hard wood used as a dyewood yielding a red dye

wild indigo, false indigo

any of several plants of the genus Baptisia

Baptisia, genus Baptisia

genus of North American plants with showy pealike flowers and an inflated pod

blue false indigo, Baptisia australis

wild indigo of the eastern United States having racemes of blue flowers

white false indigo, Baptisia lactea

erect or spreading herb having racemes of creamy white flowers; the eastern United States

Butea, genus Butea

genus of East Indian trees or shrubs: dhak

indigo broom, horsefly weed, rattle weed, Baptisia tinctoria

much-branched erect herb with bright yellow flowers; distributed from Massachusetts to Florida

dhak, dak, palas, Butea frondosa, Butea monosperma

East Indian tree bearing a profusion of intense vermilion velvet-textured blooms and yielding a yellow dye

Cajanus, genus Cajanus

erect densely branched shrubby perennials of Old World tropics; naturalized in other warm regions

pigeon pea, pigeon-pea plant, cajan pea, catjang pea, red gram, dhal, dahl, Cajanus cajan

tropical woody herb with showy yellow flowers and flat pods; much cultivated in the tropics

Canavalia, genus Canavalia

herbs or woody vines of mainly American tropics and subtropics

jack bean, wonder bean, giant stock bean, Canavalia ensiformis

annual semierect bushy plant of tropical South America bearing long pods with white seeds grown especially for forage

sword bean, Canavalia gladiata

twining tropical Old World plant bearing long pods usually with red or brown beans; long cultivated in Orient for food

genus Caragana

large genus of Asiatic deciduous shrubs or small trees

pea tree, caragana

any plant of the genus Caragana having even-pinnate leaves and mostly yellow flowers followed by seeds in a linear pod

Siberian pea tree, Caragana arborescens

large spiny shrub of eastern Asia having clusters of yellow flowers; often cultivated in shelterbelts and hedges

Chinese pea tree, Caragana sinica

shrub with dark-green glossy foliage and solitary pale yellow flowers; northern China

Castanospermum, genus Castanospermum

a rosid dicot genus of the subfamily apilionoideae having one species: Moreton Bay chestnut

Moreton Bay chestnut, Australia chestnut

Australian tree having pinnate leaves and orange-yellow flowers followed by large woody pods containing 3 or 4 seeds that resemble chestnuts; yields dark strong wood

Centrosema, genus Centrosema

a genus of chiefly tropical American vines of the family Leguminosae having trifoliate leaves and large flowers

Judas tree, love tree, Circis siliquastrum

small tree of the eastern Mediterranean having abundant purplish-red flowers growing on old wood directly from stems and appearing before the leaves: widely cultivated in mild regions; wood valuable for veneers

butterfly pea, Centrosema virginianum

largle-flowered weakly twining or prostrate vine of NJ to tropical eastern North America, sometimes cultivated for its purple and white flowers

Cercis, genus Cercis

deciduous shrubs and trees of eastern Asia, southern Europe and the United States

redbud, Cercis canadenis

small shrubby tree of eastern North America similar to the Judas tree having usually pink flowers; found in damp sheltered underwood

western redbud, California redbud, Cercis occidentalis

shrub of western United States having pink or crimson flowers; often forms thickets

Chamaecytisus, genus Chamaecytisus

small late-flowering trees or subshrubs having yellow to red flowers and leathery or woody pods; often especially formerly included in genus Cytisus

Chordospartium, genus Chordospartium

2 species of small New Zealand trees: weeping tree broom; endangered

tagasaste, Chamaecytisus palmensis, Cytesis proliferus

shrub of Canary Islands having bristle-tipped oblanceolate leaves; used as cattle fodder

weeping tree broom

small shrubby tree of New Zealand having weeping branches and racemes of white to violet flowers followed by woolly indehiscent 2-seeded pods

flame pea

any of several small shrubs or twining vines having entire or lobed leaves and racemes of yellow to orange-red flowers; Australia

Chorizema, genus Chorizema

genus of Australian twining vines and small shrubs: flame peas

chickpea, chickpea plant, Egyptian pea, Cicer arietinum

Asiatic herb cultivated for its short pods with one or two edible seeds

Cicer, genus Cicer

chick-pea plant; Asiatic herbs

Kentucky yellowwood, gopherwood, Cladrastis lutea, Cladrastis kentukea, yellowwood

small handsome round-headed deciduous tree having showy white flowers in terminal clusters and heavy hardwood yielding yellow dye

Cladrastis, genus Cladrastis

yellowwoods

desert pea, Sturt pea, Sturt's desert pea, Clianthus formosus, Clianthus speciosus

sprawling shrubby perennial noted for its scarlet black-marked flowers; widely distributed in dry parts of Australia

genus Clianthus

genus of semiprostrate Australasian shrubs or vines

glory pea, clianthus

any of various shrubs or vines of the genus Clianthus having compound leaves and pealike red flowers in drooping racemes

Clitoria, genus Clitoria

genus of tropical shrubs or vines having pinnate leaves and large axillary flowers

parrot's beak, parrot's bill, Clianthus puniceus

evergreen shrub with scarlet to white claw- or beak-like flowers; New Zealand

Codariocalyx, genus Codariocalyx

used in some classifications for plants usually included in genus Desmodium

butterfly pea, Clitoria mariana

large-flowered wild twining vine of southeastern and central United States having pale blue flowers

blue pea, butterfly pea, Clitoria turnatea

vine of tropical Asia having pinnate leaves and bright blue yellow-centered flowers

telegraph plant, semaphore plant, Codariocalyx motorius, Desmodium motorium, Desmodium gyrans

erect tropical Asian shrub whose small lateral leaflets rotate on their axes and jerk up and down under the influence of sunshine

bladder senna, Colutea arborescens

yellow-flowered European shrub cultivated for its succession of yellow flowers and very inflated bladdery pods and as a source of wildlife food

Colutea, genus Colutea

small genus of Eurasian shrubs with yellow flowers and bladdery pods

American rattlebox, Crotalaria sagitallis

tropical American annual herb having an inflated pod in which the ripe seeds rattle

genus Coronilla

genus of Old World shrubs and herbs

coronilla

any of various plants of the genus Coronilla having purple or pink or yellow flowers in long-spiked axillary heads or umbels

axseed, crown vetch, Coronilla varia

European vetchlike herb naturalized in the eastern United States having umbels of pink-and-white flowers and sharp-angled pods

genus Crotalaria

large genus of herbs with simple leaves and racemes of yellow flowers; mainly of tropical Africa

crotalaria, rattlebox

any of various plants of the genus Crotalaria having inflated pods within which the seeds rattle; used for pasture and green-manure crops

Indian rattlebox, Crotalaria spectabilis

erect subshrub having purple-tinted flowers and an inflated pod in which the ripe seeds rattle; India

guar, cluster bean, Cyamopsis tetragonolobus, Cyamopsis psoraloides

drought-tolerant herb grown for forage and for its seed which yield a gum used as a thickening agent or sizing material

Cyamopsis, genus Cyamopsis

small genus of annual usually hairy herbs of tropical Africa and Arabia

Cytisus, genus Cytisus

large genus of stiff or spiny evergreen or deciduous Old World shrubs: broom

broom

any of various shrubs of the genera Cytisus or Genista or Spartium having long slender branches and racemes of yellow flowers

common broom, Scotch broom, green broom, Cytisus scoparius

deciduous erect spreading broom native to western Europe; widely cultivated for its rich yellow flowers

white broom, white Spanish broom, Cytisus albus, Cytisus multiflorus

low European broom having trifoliate leaves and yellowish-white flowers

Dalbergia, genus Dalbergia

large genus of tropical trees having pinnate leaves and paniculate flowers and cultivated commercially for their dramatically grained and colored timbers

rosewood, rosewood tree

any of those hardwood trees of the genus Dalbergia that yield rosewood--valuable cabinet woods of a dark red or purplish color streaked and variegated with black

Indian blackwood, East Indian rosewood, East India rosewood, Indian rosewood, Dalbergia latifolia

East Indian tree having a useful dark purple wood

sissoo, sissu, sisham, Dalbergia sissoo

East Indian tree whose leaves are used for fodder; yields a compact dark brown durable timber used in shipbuilding and making railroad ties

kingwood, kingwood tree, Dalbergia cearensis

Brazilian tree yielding a handsome cabinet wood

Honduras rosewood, Dalbergia stevensonii

Central American tree yielding a valuable dark streaked rosewood

Brazilian rosewood, caviuna wood, jacaranda, Dalbergia nigra

an important Brazilian timber tree yielding a heavy hard dark-colored wood streaked with black

cocobolo, Dalbergia retusa

a valuable timber tree of tropical South America

blackwood, blackwood tree

any of several hardwood trees yielding very dark-colored wood

smoke tree, Dalea spinosa

grayish-green shrub of desert regions of southwestern United States nd Mexico having sparse foliage and terminal spikes of bluish violet flowers; locally important as source of a light-colored honey of excellent flavor

Dalea, genus Dalea

indigo bush

Daviesia, genus Daviesia

genus of Australasian shrubs and subshrubs having small yellow or purple flowers followed by short triangular pods

bitter pea

any of several spiny shrubs of the genus Daviesia having yellow flowers and triangular seeds; Australia

genus Derris

genus of Old World tropical shrubs and woody vines

derris

any of various usually woody vines of the genus Derris of tropical Asia whose roots yield the insecticide rotenone; several are sources of native fish and arrow poisons

derris root, tuba root, Derris elliptica

woody vine having bright green leaves and racemes of rose-tinted white flowers; the swollen roots contain rotenone

Desmanthus, genus Desmanthus

genus of American herbs or shrubs with sensitive pinnate leaves and small whitish flowers

prairie mimosa, prickle-weed, Desmanthus ilinoensis

perennial herb of North American prairies having dense heads of small white flowers

tick trefoil, beggar lice, beggar's lice

any of various tropical and subtropical plants having trifoliate leaves and rough sticky pod sections or loments

Desmodium, genus Desmodium

beggarweed; tick_trefoil

Australian pea, Dipogon lignosus, Dolichos lignosus

South African evergreen partly woody vine grown for its clusters of rosy purple flowers followed by edible pods like snap beans; also grown as green manure; sometimes placed in genus Dolichos

beggarweed, Desmodium tortuosum, Desmodium purpureum

West Indian forage plant cultivated in southern United States as forage and to improve soil

Dipogon, genus Dipogon

1 species: Australian pea

Dolichos, genus Dolichos

genus of chiefly tropical vines often placed in genera Dipogon or Lablab or Macrotyloma

coral tree, erythrina

any of various shrubs or shrubby trees of the genus Erythrina having trifoliate leaves and racemes of scarlet to coral red flowers and black seeds; cultivated as an ornamental

genus Erythrina

genus of attractive tropical shrubs or trees with usually red flowers

kaffir boom, Cape kafferboom, Erythrina caffra

small semi-evergreen broad-spreading tree of eastern South Africa with orange-scarlet flowers and small coral-red seeds; yields a light soft wood used for fence posts or shingles

coral bean tree, Erythrina corallodendrum

deciduous shrub having racemes of deep scarlet-red flowers and black-spotted red seeds

ceibo, crybaby tree, cry-baby tree, common coral tree, Erythrina crista-galli

small South American spiny tree with dark crimson and scarlet flowers solitary or clustered

Indian coral tree, Erythrina variegata, Erythrina Indica

small to medium-sized thorny tree of tropical Asia and northern Australia having dense clusters of scarlet or crimson flowers and black seeds

kaffir boom, Transvaal kafferboom, Erythrina lysistemon

small semi-evergreen of South Africa having dense clusters of clear scarlet flowers and red seeds

cork tree, Erythrina vespertilio

prickly Australian coral tree having soft spongy wood

Galega, genus Galega

small genus of Eurasian herbs: goat's rue

goat's rue, goat rue, Galega officinalis

tall bushy European perennial grown for its masses of light-textured pinnate foliage and slender spikes of blue flowers; sometimes used medicinally

genus Gastrolobium

genus of Australian evergreen shrubs poisonous to livestock: poison bush

Genista, genus Genista

chiefly deciduous shrubs or small trees of Mediterranean area and western Asia: broom

poison bush, poison pea, gastrolobium

any of various Australian evergreen shrubs of the genus Gastrolobium having whorled compound leaves poisonous to livestock and showy yellow to deep reddish-orange flowers followed by two-seeded pods

broom tree, needle furze, petty whin, Genista anglica

prickly yellow-flowered shrub of the moors of New England and Europe

Spanish broom, Spanish gorse, Genista hispanica

erect shrub of southwestern Europe having racemes of golden yellow flowers

woodwaxen, dyer's greenweed, dyer's-broom, dyeweed, greenweed, whin, woadwaxen, Genista tinctoria

small Eurasian shrub having clusters of yellow flowers that yield a dye; common as weed in England and United States; sometimes grown as an ornamental

Geoffroea, genus Geoffroea

small genus of shrubs or small trees of tropical and subtropical America

chanar, chanal, Geoffroea decorticans

thorny shrub or small tree common in central Argentina having small orange or yellow flowers followed by edible berries

genus Gliricidia

small genus of low-branching profusely flowering trees of tropical America

soy, soya, soybean, soya bean, soybean plant, soja, soja bean, Glycine max

erect bushy hairy annual herb having trifoliate leaves and purple to pink flowers; extensively cultivated for food and forage and soil improvement but especially for its nutritious oil-rich seeds; native to Asia

gliricidia

any of several small deciduous trees valued for their dark wood and dense racemes of nectar-rich pink flowers grown in great profusion on arching branches; roots and bark and leaves and seeds are poisonous

Glycine, genus Glycine

genus of Asiatic erect or sprawling herbs: soya bean

soy, soybean, soyabean

a source of oil; used for forage and soil improvement and as food

wild licorice, wild liquorice, American licorice, American liquorice, Glycyrrhiza lepidota

North American plant similar to true licorice and having a root with similar properties

Glycyrrhiza, genus Glycyrrhiza

sticky perennial Eurasian herbs

licorice, liquorice, Glycyrrhiza glabra

deep-rooted coarse-textured plant native to the Mediterranean region having blue flowers and pinnately compound leaves; widely cultivated in Europe for its long thick sweet roots

salt tree, Halimodendron halodendron, Halimodendron argenteum

spiny shrub of thhhe Caspian salt plains and Siberia having elegant silve3ry-downy young foliage and mildly fragrant pink-purple blooms

Halimodendron, genus Halimodendron

1 species: salt tree

Hardenbergia, genus Hardenbergia

small genus of Australian woody vines with small violet flowers; closely related to genus Kennedia

Western Australia coral pea, Hardenbergia comnptoniana

vigorous climber of the forests of western Australia; grown for their dense racemes of attractive bright rose-purple flowers

Hedysarum, genus Hedysarum

genus of herbs of north temperate regions

sweet vetch, Hedysarum boreale

perennial of western United States having racemes of pink to purple flowers followed by flat pods that separate into nearly orbicular joints

Hippocrepis, genus Hippocrepis

species of Old World herbs or subshrubs: horseshoe_vetch

French honeysuckle, sulla, Hedysarum coronarium

perennial of southern Europe cultivated for forage and for its nectar-rich pink flowers that make it an important honey crop

genus Hovea

genus of Australian evergreen shrubs

horseshoe vetch, Hippocrepis comosa

European woody-pased perennial with yellow umbellate flowers followed by flattened pods that separate into horseshoe-shaped joints

Indigofera, genus Indigofera

genus of tropical herbs and shrubs having odd-pinnate leaves and spurred flowers in long racemes or spikes

hovea, purple pea

any of several attractive evergreen shrubs of Australia grown for their glossy deep green hollylike foliage and flowers in rich blues and intense violets

indigo, indigo plant, Indigofera tinctoria

deciduous subshrub of southeastern Asia having pinnate leaves and clusters of red or purple flowers; a source of indigo dye

Jacksonia, genus Jacksonia

genus of yellow-flowered Australian unarmed or spiny shrubs without true leaves but having leaflike stems or branches

anil, Indigofera suffruticosa, Indigofera anil

shrub of West Indies and South America that is a source of indigo dye

Kennedia, genus Kennedia, Kennedya, genus Kennedya

genus of Australian woody vines having showy red or purplish flowers

coral pea

any of various Australian climbing plants of the genus Kennedia having scarlet flowers

coral vine, Kennedia coccinea

prostrate or twining woody vine with small leathery leaves and umbels of red flowers; Australia and Tasmania

hyacinth bean, bonavist, Indian bean, Egyptian bean, Lablab purpureus, Dolichos lablab

perennial twining vine of Old World tropics having trifoliate leaves and racemes of fragrant purple pealike flowers followed by maroon pods of edible seeds; grown as an ornamental and as a vegetable on the Indian subcontinent; sometimes placed in genus Dolichos

scarlet runner, running postman, Kennedia prostrata

hairy trailing or prostrate western Australian vine with bright scarlet-pink flowers

Lablab, genus Lablab

1 species: hyacinth bean

Laburnum, genus Laburnum

flowering shrubs or trees having bright yellow flowers; all parts of the plant are poisonous

Scotch laburnum, Alpine golden chain, Laburnum alpinum

an ornamental shrub or tree of the genus Laburnum

common laburnum, golden chain, golden rain, Laburnum anagyroides

an ornamental shrub or tree of the genus Laburnum; often cultivated for Easter decorations

Lathyrus, genus Lathyrus

genus of climbing herbs of Old World and temperate North and South America: vetchling; wild pea

vetchling

any of various small plants of the genus Lathyrus; climb usually by means of tendrils

singletary pea, Caley pea, rough pea, wild winterpea, Lathyrus hirsutus

week-stemmed winter annual native to Mediterranean region for long established in southern United States; cultivated as a cover and pasture crop

wild pea

any of various plants of the family Leguminosae that usually grow like vines

broad-leaved everlasting pea, perennial pea, Lathyrus latifolius

perennial climber of central and southern Europe having purple or pink or white flowers; naturalized in North America

everlasting pea

any of several perennial vines of the genus Lathyrus

beach pea, sea pea, Lathyrus maritimus, Lathyrus japonicus

wild pea of seashores of north temperate zone having tough roots and purple flowers and useful as a sand binder

black pea, Lathyrus niger

perennial of Europe and North Africa; foliage turns black in drying

grass vetch, grass vetchling, Lathyrus nissolia

annual European vetch with red flowers

sweet pea, sweetpea, Lathyrus odoratus

climbing garden plant having fragrant pastel-colored flowers

marsh pea, Lathyrus palustris

scrambling perennial of damp or marshy areas of Eurasia and North America with purplish flowers

common vetchling, meadow pea, yellow vetchling, Lathyrus pratensis

scrambling perennial Eurasian wild pea having yellowish flowers and compressed seed pods; cultivated for forage

grass pea, Indian pea, khesari, Lathyrus sativus

European annual grown for forage; seeds used for food in India and for stock elsewhere

spring vetchling, spring vetch, Lathyrus vernus

bushy European perennial having nodding racemose violet-blue flowers

pride of California, Lathyrus splendens

shrubby California perennial having large pink or violet flowers; cultivated as an ornamental

flat pea, narrow-leaved everlasting pea, Lathyrus sylvestris

European perennial with mottled purple-pink flowers; sometimes cultivated for fodder or as green manure

Tangier pea, Tangier peavine, Lalthyrus tingitanus

North African annual resembling the sweet pea having showy but odorless flowers

heath pea, earth-nut pea, earthnut pea, tuberous vetch, Lathyrus tuberosus

European herb bearing small tubers used for food and in Scotland to flavor whiskey

genus Lespedeza

genus of shrubs or herbs of tropical Asia and Australia and the eastern United States

bicolor lespediza, ezo-yama-hagi, Lespedeza bicolor

Asian shrub having conspicuous racemose rose-purple flowers widely used as an ornamental and in erosion control and as a source of wild-bird feed

bush clover, lespedeza

shrubby or herbaceous plants widely used for forage, soil improvement, and especially hay in southern United States

japanese clover, japan clover, jap clover, Lespedeza striata

an annual of tropical Asia naturalized in United States

sericea lespedeza, Lespedeza sericea, Lespedeza cuneata

perennial widely planted as for forage and as hay crop especially on poor land

Korean lespedeza, Lespedeza stipulacea

annual native to Korea but widely cultivated for forage and hay in hot dry regions

lentil, lentil plant, Lens culinaris

widely cultivated Eurasian annual herb grown for its edible flattened seeds that are cooked like peas and also ground into meal and for its leafy stalks that are used as fodder

Lens, genus Lens

genus of small erect or climbing herbs with pinnate leaves and small inconspicuous white flowers and small flattened pods: lentils

Lonchocarpus, genus Lonchocarpus

genus of chiefly tropical American shrubs and trees having pinnate leaves and red or white flowers

cube

any of several tropical American woody plants of the genus Lonchocarpus whose roots are used locally as a fish poison and commercially as a source of rotenone

Lotus, genus Lotus

annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs

bird's foot trefoil, bird's foot clover, babies' slippers, bacon and eggs, Lotus corniculatus

European forage plant having claw-shaped pods introduced in America

prairie bird's-foot trefoil, compass plant, prairie lotus, prairie trefoil, Lotus americanus

North American annual with red or rose-colored flowers

coral gem, Lotus berthelotii

low-growing much-branched perennial of Canary Islands having orange-red to scarlet or purple flowers; naturalized in United States

tree lupine, Lupinus arboreus

evergreen shrub of United States Pacific coast having showy yellow or blue flowers; naturalized in Australia

winged pea, asparagus pea, Lotus tetragonolobus

sprawling European annual having a 4-winged edible pod

Lupinus, genus Lupinus

herbs or shrubs: lupin

lupine, lupin

any plant of the genus Lupin; bearing erect spikes of usually purplish-blue flowers

white lupine, field lupine, wolf bean, Egyptian lupine, Lupinus albus

white-flowered Eurasian herb widely cultivated for forage and erosion control

yellow lupine, Lupinus luteus

yellow-flowered European lupine cultivated for forage

wild lupine, sundial lupine, Indian beet, old-maid's bonnet, Lupinus perennis

stout perennial of eastern and central North America having palmate leaves and showy racemose blue flowers

bluebonnet, buffalo clover, Texas bluebonnet, Lupinus subcarnosus

low-growing annual herb of southwestern United States (Texas) having silky foliage and blue flowers

Texas bluebonnet, Lupinus texensis

closely resembles Lupinus_subcarnosus; southwestern United States (Texas)

Medicago, genus Medicago

a genus of herbs that resemble clover

Macrotyloma, genus Macrotyloma

annual or perennial vines of Africa and India and Australia; plants often placed in genus Dolichos

horse gram, horse grain, poor man's pulse, Macrotyloma uniflorum, Dolichos biflorus

twining herb of Old World tropics cultivated in India for food and fodder; sometimes placed in genus Dolichos

moon trefoil, Medicago arborea

evergreen shrub of southern European highlands having downy foliage and a succession of yellow flowers throughout the summer followed by curious snail-shaped pods

medic, medick, trefoil

any of several Old World herbs of the genus Medicago having small flowers and trifoliate compound leaves

sickle alfalfa, sickle lucerne, sickle medick, Medicago falcata

European medic naturalized in North America having yellow flowers and sickle-shaped pods

black medick, hop clover, yellow trefoil, nonesuch clover, Medicago lupulina

prostrate European herb with small yellow flowers and curved black pods; naturalized in North America

Calvary clover, Medicago intertexta, Medicago echinus

an annual of the Mediterranean area having spiny seed pods and leaves with dark spots

alfalfa, lucerne, Medicago sativa

important European leguminous forage plant with trifoliate leaves and blue-violet flowers grown widely as a pasture and hay crop

genus Millettia

genus of trees and shrubs of the Old World tropics

millettia

any of several tropical trees or shrubs yielding showy streaked dark reddish or chocolate-colored wood

genus Mucuna, Stizolobium, genus Stizolobium

genus of tropical herbs and woody vines having trifoliate leaves and showy flowers in axillary clusters

mucuna

any of several erect or climbing woody plants of the genus Mucuna; widespread in tropics of both hemispheres

cowage, velvet bean, Bengal bean, Benghal bean, Florida bean, Mucuna pruriens utilis, Mucuna deeringiana, Mucuna aterrima, Stizolobium deeringiana

annual semi-woody vine of Asia having long clusters of purplish flowers and densely hairy pods; cultivated in southern United States for green manure and grazing

Myroxylon, genus Myroxylon

a genus of tropical American trees having pinnate leaves and white flowers

Peruvian balsam, Myroxylon pereirae, Myroxylon balsamum pereirae

tree of South and Central America yielding an aromatic balsam

tolu tree, tolu balsam tree, Myroxylon balsamum, Myroxylon toluiferum

medium-sized tropical American tree yielding tolu balsam and a fragrant hard wood used for high-grade furniture and cabinetwork

tolu, balsam of tolu, tolu balsam

aromatic yellowish brown balsam from the tolu balsam tree used especially in cough syrups

Onobrychis, genus Onobrychis

genus of Old World herbs having pinnate leaves and pink or whites racemose flowers followed by flat unjointed pods

restharrow, Ononis repens

European woody plant having pink flowers and unifoliolate leaves and long tough roots; spreads by underground runners

sainfoin, sanfoin, holy clover, esparcet, Onobrychis viciifolia, Onobrychis viciaefolia

Eurasian perennial herb having pale pink flowers and curved pods; naturalized in Britain and North America grasslands on calcareous soils; important forage crop and source of honey in Britain

Ononis, genus Ononis

genus of European subshrubs or herbs having pink or purple or yellow solitary or clustered flowers: restharrow

restharrow, Ononis spinosa

Eurasian plant having loose racemes of pink or purple flowers and spiny stems and tough roots

Ormosia, genus Ormosia

genus of tropical shrubs and trees having usually odd-pinnate leaves with large leaflets and pink to reddish wood

necklace tree

a tree of the genus Ormosia having seeds used as beads

bead tree, jumby bean, jumby tree, Ormosia monosperma

small tree of West Indies and northeastern Venezuela having large oblong slender-pointed leaflets and panicles of purple flowers; seeds are black or scarlet with black spots

locoweed, crazyweed, crazy weed

any of several leguminous plants of western North America causing locoism in livestock

jumby bead, jumbie bead, Ormosia coarctata

West Indian tree similar to Ormosia monosperma but larger and having smaller leaflets and smaller seeds

Oxytropis, genus Oxytropis

large widely-distributed genus of evergreen shrubs or subshrubs having odd-pinnate leaves and racemose or spicate flowers each having a pealike corolla with a clawed petal

purple locoweed, purple loco, Oxytropis lambertii

tufted locoweed of southwestern United States having purple or pink to white flowers

Pachyrhizus, genus Pachyrhizus

small genus of tropical vines having tuberous roots

tumbleweed

any plant that breaks away from its roots in autumn and is driven by the wind as a light rolling mass

yam bean, potato bean, Pachyrhizus tuberosus

twining plant of Amazon basin having large edible roots

yam bean, Pachyrhizus erosus

Central American twining plant with edible roots and pods; large tubers are eaten raw or cooked especially when young and young pods must be thoroughly cooked; pods and seeds also yield rotenone and oils

shamrock pea, Parochetus communis

trailing trifoliate Asiatic and African herb having cobalt blue flowers

Parochetus, genus Parochetus

1 species: shamrock pea

Phaseolus, genus Phaseolus

herbs of warm regions including most American beans

bean, bean plant

any of various leguminous plants grown for their edible seeds and pods

common bean, common bean plant, Phaseolus vulgaris

the common annual twining or bushy bean plant grown for its edible seeds or pods

green bean, string bean, snap bean, French bean

common bean plant cultivated for its slender green edible pods

kidney bean, frijol, frijole

the common bean plant grown for the beans rather than the pods especially a variety with large red kidney-shaped beans

haricot

variety of French bean plant bearing light-colored beans that are usually dried

wax bean

a common bean plant grown for its edible golden pod

scarlet runner, scarlet runner bean, Dutch case-knife bean, runner bean, Phaseolus coccineus, Phaseolus multiflorus

tropical American high-climbing bean with red flowers and mottled black beans similar to Phaseolus_vulgaris but perennial; a preferred food bean in G Britain

lima bean, lima bean plant, Phaseolus limensis

bush or tall-growing bean plant having large flat edible seeds

shell bean, shell bean plant

a bean plant grown primarily for its edible seed rather than its pod

sieva bean, butter bean, butter-bean plant, lima bean, Phaseolus lunatus

bush bean plant cultivated especially in southern United States having small flat edible seeds

chaparral pea, stingaree-bush, Pickeringia montana

spiny evergreen xerophytic shrub having showy rose-purple flowers and forming dense thickets; of dry rocky mountain slopes of California

tepary bean, Phaseolus acutifolius latifolius

twining plant of southwestern United States and Mexico having roundish white or yellow or brown or black beans

Pickeringia, genus Pickeringia

1 species: chaparral pea

Piscidia, genus Piscidia

genus of shrubs or small trees having indehiscent pods with black seeds; roots and bark yield fish poisons

Jamaica dogwood, fish fuddle, Piscidia piscipula, Piscidia erythrina

small tree of West Indies and Florida having large odd-pinnate leaves and panicles of red-striped purple to white flowers followed by decorative curly winged seedpods; yields fish poisons

Pisum, genus Pisum

small genus of variable annual Eurasian vines: peas

pea, pea plant

a leguminous plant of the genus Pisum

garden pea, garden pea plant, common pea, Pisum sativum

plant producing peas usually eaten fresh rather than dried

edible-pod pea, edible-podded pea, Pisum sativum macrocarpon

a variety of pea plant producing peas having soft thick edible pods lacking the fibrous inner lining of the common pea

garden pea

the flattened to cylindric inflated multi-seeded fruit of the common pea plant

flat pea, Platylobium formosum

evergreen shrub having almost heart-shaped foliage and bright yellow pealike flowers followed by flat pods with flat wings; Australia and Tasmania

snow pea, sugar pea

variety of pea plant producing peas having thin flat edible pods

sugar snap pea, snap pea

variety of pea plant producing peas having crisp rounded edible pods

field pea, field-pea plant, Austrian winter pea, Pisum sativum arvense, Pisum arvense

variety of pea plant native to the Mediterranean region and North Africa and widely grown especially for forage

Platylobium, genus Platylobium

small genus of Australian evergreen leguminous shrubs or subshrubs

common flat pea, native holly, Playlobium obtusangulum

low spreading evergreen shrub of southern Australia having triangular to somewhat heart-shaped foliage and orange-yellow flowers followed by flat winged pods

Platymiscium, genus Platymiscium

genus of tropical American trees: quira

roble, Platymiscium trinitatis

large tree of Trinidad and Guyana having odd-pinnate leaves and violet-scented axillary racemes of yellow flowers and long smooth pods; grown as a specimen in parks and large gardens

quira

any of several tropical American trees some yielding economically important timber

Panama redwood tree, Panama redwood, Platymiscium pinnatum

large erect shrub of Columbia having large odd-pinnate leaves with large leaflets and axillary racemes of fragrant yellow flowers

Podalyria, genus Podalyria

genus of South African leguminous shrubs often placed in genus Sophora

Indian beech, Pongamia glabra

evergreen Asiatic tree having glossy pinnate leaves and racemose creamy-white scented flowers; used as a shade tree

Pongamia, genus Pongamia

1 species: Indian beech

Psophocarpus, genus Psophocarpus

species of tropical Asian and African climbing herbs

winged bean, winged pea, goa bean, goa bean vine, Manila bean, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus

tuberous-rooted twining annual vine bearing clusters of purplish flowers and pods with four jagged wings; Old World tropics

breadroot, Indian breadroot, pomme blanche, pomme de prairie, Psoralea esculenta

densely hairy perennial of central North America having edible tuberous roots

Psoralea, genus Psoralea

widely distributed genus of herbs or shrubs with glandular compound leaves and spicate or racemose purple or white flowers

padauk, padouk, amboyna, Pterocarpus indicus

tree native to southeastern Asia having reddish wood with a mottled or striped black grain

Pterocarpus, genus Pterocarpus

genus of tropical trees or climbers having usually broadly winged pods

bloodwood tree, kiaat, Pterocarpus angolensis

deciduous South African tree having large odd-pinnate leaves and profuse fragrant orange-yellow flowers; yields a red juice and heavy strong durable wood

Burma padauk, Burmese rosewood, Pterocarpus macrocarpus

tree of India and Burma yielding a wood resembling mahogany

kino, Pterocarpus marsupium

East Indian tree yielding a resin or extract often used medicinally and in e.g. tanning

red sandalwood, red sanders, red sanderswood, red saunders, Pterocarpus santalinus

tree of India and East Indies yielding a hard fragrant timber prized for cabinetwork and dark red heartwood used as a dyewood

Retama, genus Retama

small genus of mediterranean shrubs; often included in genus Genista

Pueraria, genus Pueraria

genus of woody Asiatic vines: kudzu

kudzu, kudzu vine, Pueraria lobata

fast-growing East Asian vine having hairy trifoliate leaves and racemes of purple flowers followed by long many-seed hairy pods and tuberous starchy roots; grown for fodder and forage and root starch; widespread in the southern United States

retem, raetam, juniper bush, juniper, Retama raetam, Genista raetam

desert shrub of Syria and Arabia having small white flowers; constitutes the juniper of the Old Testament; sometimes placed in genus Genista

Robinia, genus Robinia

deciduous flowering trees and shrubs

bristly locust, rose acacia, moss locust, Robinia hispida

large shrub or small tree of the eastern United States having bristly stems and large clusters of pink flowers

black locust, yellow locust, Robinia pseudoacacia

large thorny tree of eastern and central United States having pinnately compound leaves and drooping racemes of white flowers; widely naturalized in many varieties in temperate regions

clammy locust, Robinia viscosa

small rough-barked locust of southeastern United States having racemes of pink flowers and glutinous branches and seeds

Sabinea, genus Sabinea

small genus of deciduous West Indian trees or shrubs: carib wood

genus Sesbania

small genus of tropical and subtropical leguminous herbs or shrubs or trees

carib wood, Sabinea carinalis

small Dominican tree bearing masses of large crimson flowers before the fine pinnate foliage emerges

scarlet wisteria tree, vegetable hummingbird, Sesbania grandiflora

soft-wooded tree with lax racemes of usually red or pink flowers; tropical Australia and Asia; naturalized in southern Florida and West Indies

sesbania

any of various plants of the genus Sesbania having pinnate leaves and large showy pealike flowers

Colorado River hemp, Sesbania exaltata

tall-growing annual of southwestern United States widely grown as green manure; yields a strong tough bast fiber formerly used by Indians for cordage

Sophora, genus Sophora

cosmopolitan genus of trees and shrubs having odd-pinnate leaves and showy flowers; some species placed in genus Podalyria

mescal bean, coral bean, frijolito, frijolillo, Sophora secundiflora

shrub or small tree having pinnate leaves poisonous to livestock and dense racemes of intensely fragrant blue flowers and red beans

Japanese pagoda tree, Chinese scholartree, Chinese scholar tree, Sophora japonica, Sophora sinensis

handsome round-headed deciduous tree having compound dark green leaves and profuse panicles of fragrant creamy-white flowers; China and Japan

kowhai, Sophora tetraptera

shrub or small tree of New Zealand and Chile having pendulous racemes of tubular golden-yellow flowers; yields a hard strong wood

Spanish broom, weaver's broom, Spartium junceum

tall thornless shrub having pale yellow flowers and flexible rushlike twigs used in basketry; of southwestern Europe and Mediterranean; naturalized in California

Spartium, genus Spartium

1 species: Spanish broom

jade vine, emerald creeper, Strongylodon macrobotrys

vigorous Philippine evergreen twining liana; grown for spectacular festoons of green lobster-claw-like flowers

Strongylodon, genus Strongylodon

genus of Polynesian or southeastern Asian shrubs or vines

Templetonia, genus Templetonia

genus of Australian shrubs or subshrubs: coral bush

coral bush, flame bush, Templetonia retusa

Australian shrub having simple obovate leaves and brilliant scarlet flowers

Tephrosia, genus Tephrosia

genus of tropical and subtropical herbs or shrubs: hoary peas

hoary pea

a plant of the genus Tephrosia having pinnate leaves and white or purplish flowers and flat hairy pods

catgut, goat's rue, wild sweet pea, Tephrosia virginiana

perennial subshrub of eastern North America having downy leaves yellowish and rose flowers and; source of rotenone

bastard indigo, Tephrosia purpurea

East Indian shrub

false lupine, golden pea, yellow pea, Thermopsis macrophylla

western United States bushy herb having yellow pealike flowers

Thermopsis, genus Thermopsis

genus of American and Asiatic showy rhizomatous herbs: bush peas

bush pea

any of various plants of the genus Thermopsis having trifoliate leaves and yellow or purple racemose flowers

Tipuana, genus Tipuana

1 species: South American tree: tipu_tree

Carolina lupine, Thermopsis villosa

eastern United States bush pea

tipu, tipu tree, yellow jacaranda, pride of Bolivia

semi-evergreen South American tree with odd-pinnate leaves and golden yellow flowers cultivated as an ornamental

Trigonella, genus Trigonella

Old World genus of frequently aromatic herbs

fenugreek, Greek clover, Trigonella foenumgraecum

annual herb or southern Europe and eastern Asia having off-white flowers and aromatic seeds used medicinally and in curry

bird's foot trefoil, Trigonella ornithopodioides

Old World herb related to fenugreek

Ulex, genus Ulex

genus of Eurasian spiny shrubs: gorse

gorse, furze, whin, Irish gorse, Ulex europaeus

very spiny and dense evergreen shrub with fragrant golden-yellow flowers; common throughout western Europe

Vicia, genus Vicia

widely distributed genus of annual or perennial and often climbing herbs

tare

any of several weedy vetches grown for forage

vetch

any of various climbing plants of the genus Vicia having pinnately compound leaves that terminate in tendrils and small variously colored flowers; includes valuable forage and soil-building plants

tufted vetch, bird vetch, Calnada pea, Vicia cracca

common perennial climber of temperate regions of Eurasia and North America having dense elongate clusters of flowers

broad bean, broadbean, broad-bean plant, English bean, European bean, field bean, Vicia faba

Old World upright plant grown especially for its large flat edible seeds but also as fodder

spring vetch, Vicia sativa

herbaceous climbing plant valuable as fodder and for soil-building

bitter betch, Vicia orobus

European perennial toxic vetch

bush vetch, Vicia sepium

European purple-flowered with slender stems; occurs as a weed in hedges

hairy vetch, hairy tare, Vicia villosa

European vetch much cultivated as forage and cover crops

Vigna, genus Vigna

genus of vines or erect herbs having trifoliate leaves and yellowish or purplish flowers; of warm or tropical regions; most species often placed in genus Phaseolus

adzuki bean, adsuki bean, Vigna angularis, Phaseolus angularis

bushy annual widely grown in China and Japan for the flour made from its seeds

moth bean, Vigna aconitifolia, Phaseolus aconitifolius

East Indian legume having hairy foliage and small yellow flowers followed by cylindrical pods; used especially in India for food and forage and soil-conditioning; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus

mung, mung bean, green gram, golden gram, Vigna radiata, Phaseolus aureus

erect bushy annual widely cultivated in warm regions of India and Indonesia and United States for forage and especially its edible seeds; chief source of bean sprouts used in Chinese cookery; sometimes plaaaced in genus Phaseolus

snailflower, snail flower, snail bean, corkscrew flower, Vigna caracalla, Phaseolus caracalla

perennial tropical American vine cultivated for its racemes of showy yellow and purple flowers having the corolla keel coiled like a snail shell; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus

cowpea, cowpea plant, black-eyed pea, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna sinensis

sprawling Old World annual cultivated especially in southern United States for food and forage and green manure

asparagus bean, yard-long bean, Vigna unguiculata sesquipedalis, Vigna sesquipedalis

South American bean having very long succulent pods

Viminaria, genus Viminaria

1 species: Australian leafless shrubs: swamp oak

swamp oak, Viminaria juncea, Viminaria denudata

Australian leafless shrub resembling broom and having small yellow flowers

Virgilia, genus Virgilia

genus of South African trees having pinnate leaves and rose-purple flowers followed by leathery pods

wisteria, wistaria

any flowering vine of the genus Wisteria

keurboom, Virgilia capensis, Virgilia oroboides

tree with odd-pinnate leaves and racemes of fragrant pink to purple flowers

keurboom, Virgilia divaricata

fast-growing round-headed tree with fragrant white to deep rose flowers; planted as an ornamental

genus Wisteria

Asiatic deciduous woody vine having large drooping racemes of white or bluish or purple or pinkish flowers and velvety pods; widely grown as an ornamental

silky wisteria, Wisteria venusta

a wisteria of China having white flowers

Japanese wistaria, Wisteria floribunda

having flowers of pink to mauve or violet-blue

Chinese wistaria, Wisteria chinensis

having deep purple flowers

American wistaria, Wisteria frutescens

an the eastern United States native resembling the cultivated Japanese wisteria having pale purple-lilac flowers

Palmales, order Palmales

coextensive with the family Palmae: palms

sago palm

any of various tropical Asian palm trees the trunks of which yield sago

Palmae, family Palmae, Palmaceae, family Palmaceae, Arecaceae, family Arecaceae, palm family

chiefly tropical trees and shrubs and vines usually having a tall columnar trunk bearing a crown of very large leaves; coextensive with the order Palmales

palm, palm tree

any plant of the family Palmae

feather palm

palm having pinnate or featherlike leaves

fan palm

palm having palmate or fan-shaped leaves

palmetto

any of several low-growing palms with fan-shaped leaves

Acrocomia, genus Acrocomia

Central and South American feather palms

coyol, coyol palm, Acrocomia vinifera

tropical American palm having edible nuts and yielding a useful fiber

grugru, gri-gri, grugru palm, macamba, Acrocomia aculeata

tropical American feather palm having a swollen spiny trunk and edible nuts

genus Areca

a monocotyledonous genus of palm trees

areca

any of several tall tropical palms native to southeastern Asia having egg-shaped nuts

betel palm, Areca catechu

southeastern Asian palm bearing betel nuts (scarlet or orange single-seeded fruit with a fibrous husk)

Arenga, genus Arenga

a genus of tropical Asian and Malaysian palm trees

sugar palm, gomuti, gomuti palm, Arenga pinnata

Malaysian feather palm with base densely clothed with fibers; yields a sweet sap used in wine and trunk pith yields sago

Attalea, genus Attalea

unarmed feather palms of central and northern South America

palmyra, palmyra palm, toddy palm, wine palm, lontar, longar palm, Borassus flabellifer

tall fan palm of Africa and India and Malaysia yielding a hard wood and sweet sap that is a source of palm wine and sugar; leaves used for thatching and weaving

piassava palm, pissaba palm, Bahia piassava, bahia coquilla, Attalea funifera

Brazilian palm yielding fibers used in making ropes, mats, and brushes

Borassus, genus Borassus

palmyra

calamus

any tropical Asian palm of the genus Calamus; light tough stems are a source of rattan canes

genus Calamus

distinctive often spiny-stemmed palms found as climbers in tropical and subtropical forest

rattan, rattan palm, Calamus rotang

climbing palm of Sri Lanka and southern India remarkable for the great length of the stems which are used for Malacca canes

lawyer cane, Calamus australis

tall scrambling spiny palm of northeastern Queensland Australia

wine palm, jaggery palm, kitul, kittul, kitul tree, toddy alm, Caryota urens

fishtail palm of India to Malay Peninsula; sap yields a brown sugar (jaggery) and trunk pith yields sago

Caryota, genus Caryota

fishtail palms

fishtail palm

attractive East Indian palm having distinctive bipinnate foliage

wax palm, Ceroxylon andicola, Ceroxylon alpinum

palm of the Andes yielding a resinous wax which is mixed with tallow to make candles

Ceroxylon, genus ceroxylon

wax palms

coconut, coconut palm, coco palm, coco, cocoa palm, coconut tree, Cocos nucifera

tall palm tree bearing coconuts as fruits; widely planted throughout the tropics

Cocos, genus Cocos

coconut palms

caranday, caranda, caranda palm, wax palm, Copernicia australis, Copernicia alba

South American palm yielding a wax similar to carnauba wax

Copernicia, genus Copernicia

slow-growing tropical fan palms

carnauba, carnauba palm, wax palm, Copernicia prunifera, Copernicia cerifera

Brazilian fan palm having an edible root; source of a useful leaf fiber and a brittle yellowish wax

genus Corozo

a monocotyledonous genus of tropical American palm trees

corozo, corozo palm

any of several tropical American palms bearing corozo nuts

gebang palm, Corypha utan, Corypha gebanga

large-leaved palm of Malay to Philippines and northern Australia; leaves used for thatching or plaiting into containers

Corypha, genus Corypha

large fan palms of tropical Asia to Australia

oil palm

pinnate-leaved palms of the genus Elaeis having dense clusters of crowded flowers and bright red fruit and yielding high quality palm oils

talipot, talipot palm, Corypha umbraculifera

tall palm of southern India and Sri Lanka with gigantic leaves used as umbrellas and fans or cut into strips for writing paper

Elaeis, genus Elaeis

oil palms

Euterpe, genus Euterpe

a monocotyledonous genus of graceful palm trees in tropical America

African oil palm, Elaeis guineensis

oil palm of Africa

American oil palm, Elaeis oleifera

palm of Central and South America

palm nut, palm kernel

see o any oil palm

cabbage palm, Euterpe oleracea

Brazilian palm of genus Euterpe whose leaf buds are eaten like cabbage when young

Metroxylon, genus Metroxylon

a genus of Malayan pinnate-leaved palm trees that flower and fruit once and then die

Livistona, genus Livistona

fan palms of Asia and Australia and Malaysia

cabbage palm, cabbage tree, Livistona australis

Australian palm with leaf buds that are edible when young

true sago palm, Metroxylon sagu

Malaysian palm whose pithy trunk yields sago--a starch used as a food thickener and fabric stiffener; Malaya to Fiji

Nipa, genus Nipa, Nypa, genus Nypa

monotypic genus of palms of Australasia

nipa palm, Nipa fruticans

any creeping semiaquatic feather palm of the genus Nipa found in mangrove swamps and tidal estuaries; its sap is used for a liquor; leaves are used for thatch; fruit has edible seeds

Orbignya, genus Orbignya

palms of southern Mexico to northern South America: babassu palm

babassu, babassu palm, coco de macao, Orbignya phalerata, Orbignya spesiosa, Orbignya martiana

tall feather palm of northern Brazil with hard-shelled nuts yielding valuable oil and a kind of vegetable ivory

babassu nut

hard-shelled nut of the babassu palm

cohune palm, Orbignya cohune, cohune

tropical American feather palm whose large nuts yield valuable oil and a kind of vegetable ivory

date palm, Phoenix dactylifera

tall tropical feather palm tree native to Syria bearing sweet edible fruit

Phoenicophorium, genus Phoenicophorium

latanier palm

Phoenix, genus Phoenix

a large monocotyledonous genus of pinnate-leaved palms found in Asia and Africa

Phytelephas, genus Phytelephas

small genus of South American feather palms

ivory palm, ivory-nut palm, ivory plant, Phytelephas macrocarpa

a stemless palm tree of Brazil and Peru bearing ivory nuts

Raffia, genus Raffia, Raphia, genus Raphia

feather palm of tropical Africa and Madagascar and Central and South America widely grown for commercial purposes

raffia palm, Raffia farinifera, Raffia ruffia

a large feather palm of Africa and Madagascar having very long pinnatisect fronds yielding a strong commercially important fiber from its leafstalks

jupati, jupaty, jupati palm, Raffia taedigera

a tall Brazilian feather palm with a terminal crown of very large leathery pinnatisect leaves rising from long strong stems used for structural purposes

Rhapis, genus Rhapis

genus of small clump-forming fan palms of China and Japan

bamboo palm, Raffia vinifera

a palm of the genus Raffia

lady palm

any of several small palms of the genus Rhapis; cultivated as houseplants

Roystonea, genus Roystonea

a monocotyledonous genus of West Indian feather palms

miniature fan palm, bamboo palm, fern rhapis, Rhapis excelsa

small graceful palm with reedlike stems and leaf bases clothed with loose coarse fibers

reed rhapis, slender lady palm, Rhapis humilis

Chinese lady palm with more slender stems and finer sheath fibers than Rhapis excelsa

royal palm, Roystonea regia

tall feather palm of southern Florida and Cuba

cabbage palm, Roystonea oleracea

West Indian palm with leaf buds that are edible when young

cabbage palmetto, cabbage palm, Sabal palmetto

low-growing fan-leaved palm of coastal southern United States having edible leaf buds

Sabal, genus Sabal

American dwarf fan palms

saw palmetto, scrub palmetto, Serenoa repens

small hardy clump-forming spiny palm of southern United States

Serenoa, genus Serenoa

one species: saw palmetto

thatch palm, thatch tree, silver thatch, broom palm, Thrinax parviflora

small palm of southern Florida and West Indies closely resembling the silvertop palmetto

Thrinax, genus Thrinax

small to medium-sized fan palms

key palm, silvertop palmetto, silver thatch, Thrinax microcarpa, Thrinax morrisii, Thrinax keyensis

small stocky fan palm of southern Florida and Cuba

Plantaginales, order Plantaginales

coextensive with the family Plantaginaceae

Plantaginaceae, family Plantaginaceae, plantain family

cosmopolitan family of small herbs and a few shrubs; most are troublesome weeds

Plantago, genus Plantago

type genus of the family Plantaginaceae; large cosmopolitan genus of mostly small herbs

English plantain, narrow-leaved plantain, ribgrass, ribwort, ripple-grass, buckthorn, Plantago lanceolata

an Old World plantain with long narrow ribbed leaves widely established in temperate regions

plantain

any of numerous plants of the genus Plantago; mostly small roadside or dooryard weeds with elliptic leaves and small spikes of very small flowers; seeds of some used medicinally

broad-leaved plantain, common plantain, white-man's foot, whiteman's foot, cart-track plant, Plantago major

common European perennial naturalized worldwide; a troublesome weed

hoary plantain, Plantago media

widely distributed Old World perennial naturalized in North America having finely hairy leaves and inconspicuous white fragrant flowers

fleawort, psyllium, Spanish psyllium, Plantago psyllium

plantain of Mediterranean regions whose seeds swell and become gelatinous when moist and are used as a mild laxative

rugel's plantain, broad-leaved plantain, Plantago rugelii

North American plantain having reddish leafstalks and broad leaves

Polygonales, order Polygonales

coextensive with the family Polygonaceae,

hoary plantain, Plantago virginica

North American annual or biennial with long soft hairs on the leaves

Polygonaceae, family Polygonaceae, buckwheat family

a family of plants of order Polygonales chiefly of the north temperate zone; includes the buckwheats

Polygonum, genus Polygonum

diverse genus of herbs or woody subshrubs of north temperate regions

silver lace vine, China fleece vine, Russian vine, Polygonum aubertii

twining perennial vine having racemes of fragrant greenish flowers; western China to Russia

buckwheat, Polygonum fagopyrum, Fagopyrum esculentum

or member of genus Fagopyrum; annual Asian plant with clusters of small pinkish white flowers and small edible triangular seeds which are used whole or ground into flour

Fagopyrum, genus Fagopyrum

buckwheat; in some classifications included in the genus Polygonum

prince's-feather, princess feather, kiss-me-over-the-garden-gate, prince's-plume, Polygonum orientale

annual with broadly ovate leaves and slender drooping spikes of crimson flowers; southeastern Asia and Australia; naturalized in North America

genus Eriogonum

North American herbs of the buckwheat family

umbrella plant, Eriogonum allenii

late-blooming perennial plant of shale barrens of Virginia having flowers in flat-topped clusters

eriogonum

any plant of the genus Eriogonum with small clustered flowers

wild buckwheat, California buckwheat, Erigonum fasciculatum

low-growing shrub with spreading branches and flowers in loose heads; desert regions of western United States (California to Utah)

pie plant, garden rhubarb, Rheum cultorum, Rheum rhabarbarum, Rheum rhaponticum

long-cultivated hybrid of Rheum palmatum; stems often cooked in pies or as sauce or preserves

Rheum, genus Rheum

rhubarb

rhubarb, rhubarb plant

plants having long green or reddish acidic leafstalks growing in basal clumps; stems (and only the stems) are edible when cooked; leaves are poisonous

Himalayan rhubarb, Indian rhubarb, red-veined pie plant, Rheum australe, Rheum emodi

Asian herb (Himalaya)

Rumex, genus Rumex

docks: coarse herbs and shrubs mainly native to north temperate regions

Chinese rhubarb, Rheum palmatum

long used for laxative properties

dock, sorrel, sour grass

any of certain coarse weedy plants with long taproots, sometimes used as table greens or in folk medicine

sheep sorrel, sheep's sorrel, Rumex acetosella

small plant having pleasantly acid-tasting arrow-shaped leaves; common in dry places

sour dock, garden sorrel, Rumex acetosa

European sorrel with large slightly acidic sagittate leaves grown throughout north temperate zone for salad and spring greens

bitter dock, broad-leaved dock, yellow dock, Rumex obtusifolius

European dock with broad obtuse leaves and bitter rootstock common as a weed in North America

French sorrel, garden sorrel, Rumex scutatus

low perennial with small silvery-green ovate to hastate leaves

Xyridaceae, family Xyridaceae, yellow-eyed grass family

plants of tropical to temperate regions; usually in wet places

Xyridales, order Xyridales, Commelinales, order Commelinales

an order of monocotyledonous herbs

Xyris, genus Xyris

chiefly American marsh plants, having usually yellow flowers

yellow-eyed grass

any of several rushlike plants, especially of the pine barrens of southern United States

Commelinaceae, family Commelinaceae, spiderwort family

large widely distributed family of chiefly perennial herbs or climbers: spiderworts

tall yellow-eye, Xyris operculata

of Australia

genus Commelina

type genus of the Commelinaceae; large genus of herbs of branching or creeping habit: day flower; widow's tears

spiderwort, dayflower

any plant of the family Commelinaceae

commelina

any plant of the genus Commelina

Bromeliaceae, family Bromeliaceae, pineapple family

a family of tropical American plants of order Xyridales including several (as the pineapple) of economic importance

St.-Bruno's-lily, Paradisea liliastrum

a variety of spiderwort

Tradescantia, genus Tradescantia

spiderworts

Bromelia

the type genus of the family Bromeliaceae which incudes tropical American plants with deeply cleft calyx

Ananas, genus Ananas

a genus of tropical American plants have sword-shaped leaves and a fleshy compound fruits composed of the fruits of several flowers (such as pineapples)

pineapple, pineapple plant, Ananas comosus

a tropical American plant bearing a large fleshy edible fruit with a terminal tuft of stiff leaves; widely cultivated in the tropics

Tillandsia, genus Tillandsia

large genus of epiphytic or terrestrial sparse-rooting tropical plants usually forming dense clumps or pendant masses

Spanish moss, old man's beard, black moss, long moss, Tillandsia usneoides

dense festoons of greenish-gray hairlike flexuous strands anchored to tree trunks and branches by sparse wiry roots; southeastern United States and West Indies to South America

Mayacaceae, family Mayacaceae

a monocotyledonous family of bog plants of order Xyridales

Mayaca, genus Mayaca

small genus of delicate mossy bog plants having white or violet flowers

Rapateaceae, family Rapateaceae

South American herbs somewhat resembling members of the Juncaceae

Eriocaulaceae, family Eriocaulaceae, pipewort family

chiefly tropical aquatic or bog herbs: pipeworts

Eriocaulon, genus Eriocaulon

type genus of the Eriocaulaceae: rushlike aquatic or marginal perennials usually found in shallow waters of acid lakes and pools and bogs

pipewort, Eriocaulon aquaticum

aquatic perennial of North America and Ireland and Hebrides having translucent green leaves in a basal spiral and dense buttonlike racemes of minute white flowers

pickerelweed, pickerel weed, wampee, Pontederia cordata

American plant having spikes of blue flowers and growing in shallow water of streams and ponds

Pontederiaceae, family Pontederiaceae, pickerelweed family

aquatic or bog plants

Pontederia, genus Pontederia

pickerelweed

water hyacinth, water orchid, Eichhornia crassipes, Eichhornia spesiosa

a tropical floating aquatic plant having spikes of large blue flowers; troublesome in clogging waterways especially in southern United States

Eichhornia, genus Eichhornia

water hyacinth; water orchid

water star grass, mud plantain, Heteranthera dubia

grassy-leaved North American aquatic plant with yellow star-shaped blossoms

Heteranthera, genus Heteranthera

mud plaintains

Naiadales, order Naiadales, Alismales, order Alismales

an order of aquatic monocotyledonous herbaceous plants

Naiadaceae, family Naiadaceae, Najadaceae, family Najadaceae, naiad family

monotypic family of aquatic plants having narrow leaves and small flowers

naiad, water nymph

submerged aquatic plant having narrow leaves and small flowers; of fresh or brackish water

Naias, genus Naias, Najas, genus Najas

sole genus of the family Naiadaceae

Alismataceae, family Alismataceae, water-plantain family

perennial or annual aquatic or marsh plants

Alisma, genus Alisma

small genus of aquatic or semiaquatic plants

water plantain, Alisma plantago-aquatica

marsh plant having clusters of small white or pinkish flowers and broad pointed or rounded leaves

Hydrocharitaceae, family Hydrocharitaceae, Hydrocharidaceae, family Hydrocharidaceae, frogbit family, frog's-bit family

simple nearly stemless freshwater aquatic plants; widely distributed

Sagittaria, genus Sagittaria

genus of aquatic herbs of temperate and tropical regions having sagittate or hastate leaves and white scapose flowers

common arrowhead

a weed

ribbon-leaved water plantain

a variety of water plantain

narrow-leaved water plantain

a variety of water plantain

frogbit, frog's-bit, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae

European floating plant with roundish heart-shaped leaves and white flowers

Hydrocharis, genus Hydrocharis

frogbit

hydrilla, Hydrilla verticillata

submersed plant with whorled lanceolate leaves and solitary axillary flowers; Old World plant naturalized in southern United States and clogging Florida's waterways

genus Hydrilla

1 species

American frogbit, Limnodium spongia

American plant with roundish heart-shaped or kidney-shaped leaves; usually rooted in muddy bottoms of ponds and ditches

Limnobium, genus Limnobium

American frogbit

waterweed

a weedy aquatic plant of genus Elodea

Elodea, genus Elodea, pondweed, ditchmoss

submerged freshwater perennials

Canadian pondweed, Elodea canadensis

North American; widely naturalized in Europe

dense-leaved elodea, Elodea densa, Egeria densa

aquatic plant with deep green foliage useful as an aquarium oxygenator; sometimes placed in genus Egeria

Egeria, genus Egeria

small genus of dioecious tropical aquatic plants

tape grass, eelgrass, wild celery, Vallisneria spiralis

submerged aquatic plant with ribbonlike leaves; Old World and Australia

Vallisneria, genus Vallisneria

eelgrass; eel grass

pondweed

any of several submerged or floating freshwater perennial aquatic weeds belonging to the family Potamogetonaceae

Potamogetonaceae, family Potamogetonaceae, pondweed family

plants that grow in ponds and slow streams; sometimes includes family_Zosteraceae

Potamogeton, genus Potamogeton

a large genus of aquatic herbs found in quiet waters in temperate regions; leaves usually float on the water

curleyleaf pondweed, curled pondweed, Potamogeton crispus

European herb naturalized in the eastern United States and California

loddon pondweed, Potamogeton nodosus, Potamogeton americanus

pondweed with floating leaves; of northern United States and Europe

variously-leaved pondweed, Potamogeton gramineous

of Europe (except the Mediterranean area) and the northern United States

Groenlandia, genus Groenlandia

a monocotyledonous genus of the family Potamogetonaceae

frog's lettuce

very similar to Potamogeton; of western Africa, Asia, and Europe

Scheuchzeriaceae, family Scheuchzeriaceae, Juncaginaceae, family Juncaginaceae, arrow-grass family

a family of monocotyledonous bog herbs of order Naiadales

Triglochin, genus Triglochin

perennial or annual bog or marsh plants; includes arrow_grass

arrow grass, Triglochin maritima

tufted perennial found in shallow water or marshland; sometimes poisons livestock

Zannichellia, genus Zannichellia

horned pondweed: completely submerged herbs; in some classifications included in Potamogetonaceae

Zannichelliaceae, family Zannichelliaceae

alternative classification for some genera included in Potamogetonaceae; one species

Zosteraceae, family Zosteraceae, eelgrass family

used in some classifications: essentially equivalent to Potamogetonaceae

horned pondweed, Zannichellia palustris

found in still or slow-moving fresh or brackish water; useful oxygenator for cool water ponds and aquaria

eelgrass, grass wrack, sea wrack, Zostera marina

submerged marine plant with very long narrow leaves found in abundance along North Atlantic coasts

Zostera, genus Zostera

(or in some classifications family Zosteraceae) small genus of widely distributed marine plants

Rosales, order Rosales

in some classifications this category does not include Leguminosae

Rosaceae, family Rosaceae, rose family

a large family of dicotyledonous plants of order Rosales; have alternate leaves and five-petaled flowers with numerous stamens

Rosa, genus Rosa

large genus of erect or climbing prickly shrubs including roses

rose

any of many plants of the genus Rosa

mountain rose, Rosa pendulina

European alpine rose with crimson flowers

ground rose, Rosa spithamaea

low-growing bristly shrub of southern Oregon and California with creeping rootstocks and usually corymbose flowers

dog rose, Rosa canina

prickly wild rose with delicate pink or white scentless flowers; native to Europe

banksia rose, Rosa banksia

Chinese evergreen climbing rose with yellow or white single flowers

China rose, Bengal rose, Rosa chinensis

shrubby Chinese rose; ancestor of many cultivated garden roses

damask rose, summer damask rose, Rosa damascena

large hardy very fragrant pink rose; cultivated in Asia Minor as source of attar of roses; parent of many hybrids

sweetbrier, sweetbriar, brier, briar, eglantine, Rosa eglanteria

Eurasian rose with prickly stems and fragrant leaves and bright pink flowers followed by scarlet hips

multiflora, multiflora rose, Japanese rose, baby rose, Rosa multiflora

vigorously growing rose having clusters of numerous small flowers; used for hedges and as grafting stock

Cherokee rose, Rosa laevigata

Chinese climbing rose with fragrant white blossoms

tea rose, Rosa odorata

any of several hybrid bush roses derived from a tea-scented Chinese rose with pink or yellow flowers

musk rose, Rosa moschata

rose native to Mediterranean region having curved or climbing branches and loose clusters of musky-scented flowers

genus Agrimonia

genus of herbs found chiefly in north temperate regions having pinnate leaves and yellow flowers followed by bristly fruit

agrimonia, agrimony

a plant of the genus Agrimony having spikelike clusters of small yellow flowers

harvest-lice, Agrimonia eupatoria

erect perennial Old World herb of dry grassy habitats

fragrant agrimony, Agrimonia procera

fragrant European perennial herb found at woodland margins on moist soils

Amelanchier, genus Amelanchier

North American deciduous trees or shrubs

Bartram Juneberry, Amelanchier bartramiana

open-growing shrub of eastern North America having pure white flowers and small waxy almost black fruits

Juneberry, serviceberry, service tree, shadbush, shadblow

any of various North American trees or shrubs having showy white flowers and edible blue-black or purplish fruit

alderleaf Juneberry, alder-leaved serviceberry, Amelanchier alnifolia

shrub or small tree of northwestern North America having fragrant creamy white flowers and small waxy purple-red fruits

japonica, maule's quince, Chaenomeles japonica

deciduous thorny shrub native to Japan having red blossoms

Chaenomeles, genus Chaenomeles

flowering quince

flowering quince

Asiatic ornamental shrub with spiny branches and pink or red blossoms

Japanese quince, Chaenomeles speciosa

deciduous thorny shrub native to China having red or white blossoms

Cotoneaster dammeri

climbing evergreen shrub with white flowers and red berries; often used as ground cover

Chrysobalanus, genus Chrysobalanus

coco plums

coco plum, coco plum tree, cocoa plum, icaco, Chrysobalanus icaco

small tropical American tree bearing edible plumlike fruit

genus Cotoneaster

genus of deciduous or evergreen Old World shrubs widely cultivated

cotoneaster

any shrub of the genus Cotoneaster: erect or creeping shrubs having richly colored autumn foliage and many small white to pinkish flowers followed by tiny red or black fruits

Crataegus, genus Crataegus

thorny shrubs and small trees: hawthorn; thorn; thorn_apple

Cotoneaster horizontalis

deciduous flat-growing shrub with a fanned herringbone pattern and having reddish flowers and orange-red berries; used as a ground cover

hawthorn, haw

a spring-flowering shrub or small tree of the genus Crataegus

parsley haw, parsely-leaved thorn, Crataegus apiifolia, Crataegus marshallii

southern United States hawthorn with pinnately lobed leaves

scarlet haw, Crataegus biltmoreana

common shrub or small tree of the eastern United States having few thorns and white flowers in corymbs followed by bright orange-red berries

mayhaw, summer haw, Crataegus aestivalis

hawthorn of southern United States bearing juicy acid scarlet fruit often used in jellies or preserves

blackthorn, pear haw, pear hawthorn, Crataegus calpodendron, Crataegus tomentosa

erect and almost thornless American hawthorn with somewhat pear-shaped berries

cockspur thorn, cockspur hawthorn, Crataegus crus-galli

eastern United States hawthorn with long straight thorns

English hawthorn, Crataegus monogyna

European hawthorn having deeply cleft leaves and bright red fruits; widely cultivated in many varieties and often grown as impenetrable hedges; established as an escape in eastern North America

whitethorn, English hawthorn, may, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus oxycantha

thorny Eurasian shrub of small tree having dense clusters of white to scarlet flowers followed by deep red berries; established as an escape in eastern North America

red haw, downy haw, Crataegus mollis, Crataegus coccinea mollis

American red-fruited hawthorn with stems and leaves densely covered with short woolly hairs

evergreen thorn, Crataegus oxyacantha

evergreen hawthorn of southeastern Europe

red haw, Crataegus pedicellata, Crataegus coccinea

American red-fruited hawthorn with dense corymbs of pink-red flowers

quince, quince bush, Cydonia oblonga

small Asian tree with pinkish flowers and pear-shaped fruit; widely cultivated

Cydonia, genus Cydonia

quince

mountain avens, Dryas octopetala

creeping evergreen white-flowered shrub of matlike habit widely distributed in northern portions of Eurasia and North America

Dryas, genus Dryas

mountain avens

strawberry

any of various low perennial herbs with many runners and bearing white flowers followed by edible fruits having many small achenes scattered on the surface of an enlarged red pulpy berry

Eriobotrya, genus Eriobotrya

Asiatic evergreen fruit trees

loquat, loquat tree, Japanese medlar, Japanese plum, Eriobotrya japonica

evergreen tree of warm regions having fuzzy yellow olive-sized fruit with a large free stone; native to China and Japan

Fragaria, genus Fragaria

strawberries

beach strawberry, Chilean strawberry, Fragaria chiloensis

wild strawberry of western United States and South America; source of many varieties of cultivated strawberries

garden strawberry, cultivated strawberry, Fragaria ananassa

widely cultivated

wild strawberry, wood strawberry, Fragaria vesca

Europe

yellow avens, Geum alleppicum strictum, Geum strictum

erect subshrub with deep yellow flowers; Europe and Asia and North America

Virginia strawberry, scarlet strawberry, Fragaria virginiana

North American wild strawberry with sweet scarlet fruit; a source of many cultivated strawberries

Geum, genus Geum

avens

avens

any of various perennials of the genus Geum having usually pinnate basal leaves and variously colored flowers

water avens, Indian chocolate, purple avens, chocolate root, Geum rivale

erect perennial of north temperate zone having pinnate leaves and few nodding flowers with brown-purple calyx and orange-pink petals

bennet, white avens, Geum canadense

North American white-flowered avens

yellow avens, Geum macrophyllum

hairy yellow-flowered plant of eastern Asia and North America

herb bennet, cloveroot, wood avens, Geum urbanum

hairy Eurasian plant with small yellow flowers and an astringent root formerly used medicinally

prairie smoke, purple avens, Geum triflorum

North American perennial with hairy basal pinnate leaves and purple flowers and plume-tipped fruits

bennet, white avens, Geum virginianum

avens of Virginia having pale or greenish yellow flowers

Heteromeles, genus Heteromeles

1 species: toyon; in some classifications included in genus Photinia

Malus, genus Malus

apple trees; found throughout temperate zones of the northern hemisphere

toyon, tollon, Christmasberry, Christmas berry, Heteromeles arbutifolia, Photinia arbutifolia

ornamental evergreen treelike shrub of United States Pacific coast having large white flowers and red berrylike fruits; often placed in genus Photinia

apple tree

any tree of the genus Malus especially those bearing firm rounded edible fruits

apple, orchard apple tree, Malus pumila

native Eurasian tree widely cultivated in many varieties for its firm rounded edible fruits

wild apple, crab apple

any of numerous wild apple trees usually with small acid fruit

crab apple, cultivated crab apple

any of numerous varieties of crab apples cultivated for their small acid usually bright-red fruit used for preserving or as ornamentals for their blossoms

American crab apple, garland crab, Malus coronaria

medium-sized tree of the eastern United States having pink blossoms and small yellow fruit

Siberian crab, Siberian crab apple, cherry apple, cherry crab, Malus baccata

Asian wild crab apple cultivated in many varieties for it small acid usually red fruit used for preserving

wild crab, Malus sylvestris

wild crab apple native to Europe; a chief ancestor of cultivated apples

Oregon crab apple, Malus fusca

small tree or shrub of western United States having white blossoms and tiny yellow or red fruit

Iowa crab, Uowa crab apple, prairie crab, western crab apple, Malus ioensis

wild crab apple of western United States with fragrant pink flowers

Southern crab apple, flowering crab, Malus angustifolia

small tree or shrub of southeastern United States; cultivated as an ornamental for its rose-colored blossoms

Bechtel crab, flowering crab

derived from the Iowa_crab and cultivated for its large double pink blossoms

medlar, medlar tree, Mespilus germanica

small deciduous Eurasian tree cultivated for its fruit that resemble crab apples

Mespilus, genus Mespilus

medlars

cinquefoil, five-finger

any of a numerous plants grown for their 5-petal flowers; abundant in temperate regions; alleged to have medicinal properties

Photinia, genus Photinia

genus of deciduous and evergreen east Asian trees and shrubs widely cultivated as ornamentals for their white flowers and red fruits; in some classifications includes genus Heteromeles

Potentilla, genus Potentilla

chiefly perennial northern hemisphere herbs and shrubs: cinquefoil

silverweed, goose-tansy, goose grass, Potentilla anserina

low-growing perennial having leaves silvery beneath; northern United States; Europe; Asia

Poterium, genus Poterium

a genus of thorny herbs or shrubs of the family Rosaceae

salad burnet, burnet bloodwort, pimpernel, Poterium sanguisorba

European garden herb with purple-tinged flowers and leaves that are sometimes used for salads

Prunus, genus Prunus

a genus of shrubs and trees of the family Rosaceae that is widely distributed in temperate regions

plum, plum tree

any of several trees producing edible oval smooth-skinned fruit with a single hard stone

Allegheny plum, Alleghany plum, sloe, Prunus alleghaniensis

wild plum of northeastern United States having dark purple fruits with yellow flesh

wild plum, wild plum tree

an uncultivated plum tree or shrub

American red plum, August plum, goose plum, Prunus americana

wild plum trees of eastern and central North America having red-orange fruit with yellow flesh

chickasaw plum, hog plum, hog plum bush, Prunus angustifolia

small native American shrubby tree bearing small edible yellow to reddish fruit

beach plum, beach plum bush, Prunus maritima

seacoast shrub of northeastern North America having showy white blossoms and edible purple fruit

common plum, Prunus domestica

any of various widely distributed plums grown in the cooler temperate areas

bullace, Prunus insititia

small wild or half-domesticated Eurasian plum bearing small ovoid fruit in clusters

damson plum, damson plum tree, Prunus domestica insititia

plum tree long cultivated for its edible fruit

big-tree plum, Prunus mexicana

small tree of southwestern United States having purplish-red fruit sometimes cultivated as an ornamental for its large leaves

Canada plum, Prunus nigra

small tree native to northeastern North America having oblong orange-red fruit

Japanese apricot, mei, Prunus mume

Japanese ornamental tree with fragrant white or pink blossoms and small yellow fruits

plumcot, plumcot tree

hybrid produced by crossing Prunus domestica and Prunus armeniaca

apricot, apricot tree

Asian tree having clusters of usually white blossoms and edible peachlike fruit

cherry, cherry tree

any of numerous trees and shrubs producing a small fleshy round fruit with a single hard stone; many also produce a valuable hardwood

common apricot, Prunus armeniaca

temperate zone tree bearing downy yellow to rosy fruits

purple apricot, black apricot, Prunus dasycarpa

small hybrid apricot of Asia and Asia Minor having purplish twigs and white flowers following by inferior purple fruit

heart cherry, oxheart, oxheart cherry

any of several cultivated sweet cherries having sweet juicy heart-shaped fruits

wild cherry, wild cherry tree

an uncultivated cherry tree

sweet cherry, Prunus avium

large Eurasian tree producing small dark bitter fruit in the wild but edible sweet fruit under cultivation

Western sand cherry, Rocky Mountains cherry, Prunus besseyi

dwarf ornamental shrub of western United States having large black to red and yellow sweet edible fruit

gean, mazzard, mazzard cherry

wild or seedling sweet cherry used as stock for grafting

capulin, capulin tree, Prunus capuli

Mexican black cherry tree having edible fruit

cherry laurel, laurel cherry, mock orange, wild orange, Prunus caroliniana

small flowering evergreen tree of southern United States

cherry plum, myrobalan, myrobalan plum, Prunus cerasifera

small Asiatic tree bearing edible red or yellow fruit; used in Europe as budding stock

marasca, marasca cherry, maraschino cherry, Prunus cerasus marasca

Dalmatian bitter wild cherry tree bearing fruit whose juice is made into maraschino liqueur

sour cherry, sour cherry tree, Prunus cerasus

rather small Eurasian tree producing red to black acid edible fruit

amarelle, Prunus cerasus caproniana

any of several cultivated sour cherry trees bearing pale red fruit with colorless juice

morello, Prunus cerasus austera

any of several cultivated sour cherry trees bearing fruit with dark skin and juice

Amygdalus, genus Amygdalus

used in former classifications for peach and almond trees which are now included in genus Prunus

Amygdalaceae, family Amygdalaceae

used in former classifications for plum and peach and almond trees which are now usually classified as members of the genus Prunus

almond tree

any of several small bushy trees having pink or white blossoms and usually bearing nuts

almond, sweet almond, Prunus dulcis, Prunus amygdalus, Amygdalus communis

small bushy deciduous tree native to Asia and North Africa having pretty pink blossoms and highly prized edible nuts enclosed in a hard green hull; cultivated in southern Australia and California

bitter almond, Prunus dulcis amara, Amygdalus communis amara

almond trees having white blossoms and poisonous nuts yielding an oil used for flavoring and for medicinal purposes

dwarf flowering almond, Prunus glandulosa

small Chinese shrub with smooth unfurrowed dark red fruit grown especially for its red or pink or white flowers

fuji, fuji cherry, Prunus incisa

shrubby Japanese tree having pale pink blossoms

holly-leaved cherry, holly-leaf cherry, evergreen cherry, islay, Prunus ilicifolia

California evergreen wild plum with spiny leathery leaves and white flowers

cherry laurel, laurel cherry, Prunus laurocerasus

frequently cultivated Eurasian evergreen shrub or small tree having showy clusters of white flowers and glossy foliage and yielding oil similar to bitter almond oil

flowering almond, oriental bush cherry, Prunus japonica

woody oriental plant with smooth unfurrowed red fruit grown especially for its white or pale pink blossoms

pin cherry, Prunus pensylvanica

small shrubby North American wild cherry with small bright red acid fruit

Catalina cherry, Prunus lyonii

evergreen shrub or small tree found on Catalina Island (California)

bird cherry, bird cherry tree

any of several small-fruited cherry trees frequented or fed on by birds

hagberry tree, European bird cherry, common bird cherry, Prunus padus

small European cherry tree closely resembling the American chokecherry

hagberry

small cherry much liked by birds

nectarine, nectarine tree, Prunus persica nectarina

variety or mutation of the peach bearing smooth-skinned fruit with usually yellow flesh

peach, peach tree, Prunus persica

cultivated in temperate regions

blackthorn, sloe, Prunus spinosa

a thorny Eurasian bush with plumlike fruits

sand cherry, Prunus pumila, Prunus pumilla susquehanae, Prunus susquehanae, Prunus cuneata

small straggling American cherry growing on sandy soil and having minute scarcely edible purplish-black fruit

Japanese plum, Prunus salicina

small tree of China and Japan bearing large yellow to red plums usually somewhat inferior to European plums in flavor

black cherry, black cherry tree, rum cherry, Prunus serotina

large North American wild cherry with round black sour edible fruit

flowering cherry

any of several shrubs or trees of the genus Prunus cultivated for their showy white or pink single or double blossoms

oriental cherry, Japanese cherry, Japanese flowering cherry, Prunus serrulata

ornamental tree with inedible fruits widely cultivated in many varieties for its white blossoms

Japanese flowering cherry, Prunus sieboldii

ornamental tree with inedible fruit widely cultivated in many varieties for its pink blossoms

Sierra plum, Pacific plum, Prunus subcordata

shrub of United States Pacific coast bearing small red insipid fruit

Russian almond, dwarf Russian almond, Prunus tenella

Asiatic shrub cultivated for its rosy red flowers

rosebud cherry, winter flowering cherry, Prunus subhirtella

shrub or tree native to Japan cultivated as an ornamental for its rose-pink flowers

flowering almond, Prunus triloba

deciduous Chinese shrub or small tree with often trilobed leaves grown for its pink-white flowers

chokecherry, chokecherry tree, Prunus virginiana

a common wild cherry of eastern North America having small bitter black berries favored by birds

western chokecherry, Prunus virginiana demissa, Prunus demissa

chokecherry of western United States

genus Pyracantha

Eurasian evergreen thorny shrubs bearing red or orange-red berries

Pyrus, genus Pyrus

fruit trees native to the Old World: pears

Pyracantha, pyracanth, fire thorn, firethorn

any of various thorny shrubs of the genus Pyracantha bearing small white flowers followed by hard red or orange-red berries

pear, pear tree, Pyrus communis

Old World tree having sweet gritty-textured juicy fruit; widely cultivated in many varieties

fruit tree

tree bearing edible fruit

Rubus, genus Rubus

large genus of brambles bearing berries

bramble bush

any prickly shrub of the genus Rubus bearing edible aggregate fruits

lawyerbush, lawyer bush, bush lawyer, Rubus cissoides, Rubus australis

stout-stemmed trailing shrub of New Zealand that scrambles over other growth

blackberry, blackberry bush

bramble with sweet edible black or dark purple berries that usually do not separate from the receptacle

stone bramble, Rubus saxatilis

European trailing bramble with red berrylike fruits

true blackberry, Rubus fruticosus

the true blackberry of Europe as well as any of numerous varieties or microspecies having sweet edible black or dark purple berries

sand blackberry, Rubus cuneifolius

stiff shrubby blackberry of the eastern United States (Connecticut to Florida)

western blackberry, western dewberry, Rubus ursinus

American blackberry with oblong black fruit

dewberry, dewberry bush, running blackberry

any of several trailing blackberry brambles especially of North America

boysenberry, boysenberry bush

cultivated hybrid bramble of California having large dark wine-red fruit with a raspberrylike flavor

loganberry, Rubus loganobaccus, Rubus ursinus loganobaccus

red-fruited bramble native toStates (Oregon to Baja California)

raspberry, raspberry bush

woody brambles bearing usually red but sometimes black or yellow fruits that separate from the receptacle when ripe and are rounder and smaller than blackberries

American dewberry, Rubus canadensis

North American dewberry

Northern dewberry, American dewberry, Rubus flagellaris

of eastern North America

Southern dewberry, Rubus trivialis

of southern North America

swamp dewberry, swamp blackberry, Rubus hispidus

of eastern North America

European dewberry, Rubus caesius

creeping European bramble bearing dewberries

red raspberry

any of several raspberries bearing red fruit

black raspberry, blackcap, blackcap raspberry, thimbleberry, Rubus occidentalis

raspberry native to eastern North America having black thimble-shaped fruit

wild raspberry, European raspberry, framboise, Rubus idaeus

the common European raspberry; fruit red or orange

American raspberry, Rubus strigosus, Rubus idaeus strigosus

red raspberry of North America

salmonberry, Rubus spectabilis

large erect red-flowered raspberry of western North America having large salmon-colored berries

cloudberry, dwarf mulberry, bakeapple, baked-apple berry, salmonberry, Rubus chamaemorus

creeping raspberry of north temperate regions with yellow or orange berries

salmonberry, salmon berry, thimbleberry, Rubus parviflorus

white-flowered raspberry of western North America and northern Mexico with thimble-shaped orange berries

flowering raspberry, purple-flowering raspberry, Rubus odoratus, thimbleberry

shrubby raspberry of eastern North America having showy rose to purplish flowers and red or orange thimble-shaped fruit

Sorbus, genus Sorbus

a genus of shrubs or trees of the family Rocaceae having feathery leaves

wineberry, Rubus phoenicolasius

raspberry of China and Japan having pale pink flowers grown for ornament and for the small red acid fruits

mountain ash

any of various trees of the genus Sorbus

rowan, rowan tree, European mountain ash, Sorbus aucuparia

Eurasian tree with orange-red berrylike fruits

Western mountain ash, Sorbus sitchensis

an ash of the Western coast of North America

rowanberry

decorative red berrylike fruit of a rowan tree

American mountain ash, Sorbus americana

a variety of mountain ash

service tree, sorb apple, sorb apple tree, Sorbus domestica

medium-sized European tree resembling the rowan but bearing edible fruit

Spiraea, genus Spiraea

a dicotyledonous genus of the family Rosaceae

wild service tree, Sorbus torminalis

European tree bearing edible small speckled brown fruit

spirea, spiraea

any rosaceous plant of the genus Spiraea; has sprays of small white or pink flowers

Rubiales, order Rubiales

an order of dicotyledonous plants of the subclass Asteridae; have opposite leaves and an inferior compound ovary

bridal wreath, bridalwreath, Saint Peter's wreath, St. Peter's wreath, Spiraea prunifolia

shrub having copious small white flowers in spring

Rubia, genus Rubia

type genus of the Rubiaceae; Old World herbs and subshrubs grown for their medicinal properties and for dye substances extracted from their roots

Rubiaceae, family Rubiaceae, madder family

widely distributed family of mostly tropical trees and shrubs and herbs; includes coffee and chinchona and gardenia and madder and bedstraws and partridgeberry

madderwort, rubiaceous plant

any of numerous trees or shrubs or vines of the family Rubiaceae

Indian madder, munjeet, Rubia cordifolia

perennial East Indian creeping or climbing herb used for dye in the orient

madder, Rubia tinctorum

Eurasian herb having small yellow flowers and red roots formerly an important source of the dye alizarin

dyer's woodruff, Asperula tinctoria

creeping European perennial having red or pinkish-white flowers and red roots sometimes used as a substitute for madder in dyeing

Asperula, genus Asperula

woodruff

woodruff

any plant of the genus Asperula

Calycophyllum, genus Calycophyllum

medium to large tropical American trees having shiny reddish-brown shredding bark

Chiococca, genus Chiococca

shrubs of tropical and subtropical New World

dagame, lemonwood tree, Calycophyllum candidissimum

source of a tough elastic wood

blolly, West Indian snowberry, Chiococca alba

evergreen climbing shrub of southern Florida and West Indies grown for its racemes of fragrant white to creamy flowers followed by globose white succulent berries

coffee, coffee tree

any of several small trees and shrubs native to the tropical Old World yielding coffee beans

Coffea, genus Coffea

coffee trees

Arabian coffee, Coffea arabica

shrubby tree of northeastern tropical Africa widely cultivated in tropical or near tropical regions for its seed which form most of the commercial coffee

genus Cinchona, genus Chinchona

large genus of trees of Andean region of South America having medicinal bark

Liberian coffee, Coffea liberica

small tree of West Africa

robusta coffee, Rio Nunez coffee, Coffea robusta, Coffea canephora

native to West Africa but grown in Java and elsewhere; resistant to coffee rust

cinchona, chinchona

any of several trees of the genus Cinchona

Cartagena bark, Cinchona cordifolia, Cinchona lancifolia

Colombian tree; source of Cartagena bark (a cinchona bark)

cinchona tree, Cinchona pubescens

small tree of Ecuador and Peru having very large glossy leaves and large panicles of fragrant pink flowers; cultivated for its medicinal bark

calisaya, Cinchona officinalis, Cinchona ledgeriana, Cinchona calisaya

Peruvian shrub or small tree having large glossy leaves and cymes of fragrant yellow to green or red flowers; cultivated for its medicinal bark

Galium, genus Galium

annual or perennial herbs: bedstraw; cleavers

bedstraw

any of several plants of the genus Galium

sweet woodruff, waldmeister, woodruff, fragrant bedstraw, Galium odoratum, Asperula odorata

Old World fragrant stoloniferous perennial having small white flowers and narrow leaves used as flavoring and in sachets; widely cultivated as a ground cover; in some classifications placed in genus Asperula

Northern bedstraw, Northern snow bedstraw, Galium boreale

North American stoloniferous perennial having white flowers; sometimes used as an ornamental

yellow bedstraw, yellow cleavers, Our Lady's bedstraw, Galium verum

common yellow-flowered perennial bedstraw; North America and Europe and Asia

cleavers, clivers, goose grass, catchweed, spring cleavers, Galium aparine

annual having the stem beset with curved prickles; North America and Europe and Asia

wild licorice, Galium lanceolatum

bedstraw with sweetish roots

wild madder, white madder, white bedstraw, infant's-breath, false baby's breath, Galium mollugo

Eurasian herb with ample panicles of small white flowers; naturalized in North America

gardenia

any of various shrubs and small trees of the genus Gardenia having large fragrant white or yellow flowers

genus Gardenia

large genus of attractive Old World tropical shrubs and small trees

cape jasmine, cape jessamine, Gardenia jasminoides, Gardenia augusta

evergreen shrub widely cultivated for its large fragrant waxlike white flowers and glossy leaves

genipap fruit, jagua, marmalade box, Genipa Americana

tree of the West Indies and northern South America bearing succulent edible orange-sized fruit

genus Genipa

tropical American evergreen trees or shrubs bearing yellow flowers and succulent edible fruit with a thick rind

genipa

any tree of the genus Genipa bearing yellow flowers and edible fruit with a thick rind

hamelia

any of several free-flowering tropical or subtropical shrubs of the genus Hamelia

genus Hamelia

evergreen tropical American shrubs or small trees

scarlet bush, scarlet hamelia, coloradillo, Hamelia patens, Hamelia erecta

handsome shrub with showy orange to scarlet or crimson flowers; Florida and West Indies to Mexico and Brazil

Mitchella, genus Mitchella

creeping evergreen herbs of North America

partridgeberry, boxberry, twinberry, Mitchella repens

creeping woody plant of eastern North America with shiny evergreen leaves and scarlet berries

Pinckneya, genus Pinckneya

small genus of shrubs or small trees of southeastern United States and northern South America

Nauclea, genus Nauclea

small genus of evergreen tropical shrubs or trees with smooth leathery leaves

opepe, Nauclea diderrichii, Sarcocephalus diderrichii

large African forest tree yielding a strong hard yellow to golden brown lumber; sometimes placed in genus Sarcocephalus

fever tree, Georgia bark, bitter-bark, Pinckneya pubens

ornamental shrub or small tree of swampy areas in southwestern United States having large pink or white sepals and yielding Georgia bark for treating fever

Psychotria, genus Psychotria

tropical chiefly South American shrubs and trees

lemonwood

hard tough elastic wood of the lemonwood tree; used for making bows and fishing rods

lemonwood, lemonwood tree, Psychotria capensis

South African evergreen having hard tough wood

Sarcocephalus, genus Sarcocephalus

genus of tropical African trees and shrubs

negro peach, Sarcocephalus latifolius, Sarcocephalus esculentus

stout spreading or semiclimbing tropical shrub with round brownish-red warty fruit; Africa

Vangueria, genus Vangueria

tropical African and Asiatic trees and shrubs having one-seeded fruit

wild medlar, wild medlar tree, medlar, Vangueria infausta

small deciduous tree of southern Africa having edible fruit

Spanish tamarind, Vangueria madagascariensis

shrubby tree of Madagascar occasionally cultivated for its edible apple-shaped fruit

Caprifoliaceae, family Caprifoliaceae, honeysuckle family

shrubs and small trees and woody vines

abelia

any of various deciduous or evergreen ornamental shrubs of the genus Abelia having opposite simple leaves and cymes of small white or pink or purplish flowers; Asia and Mexico

genus Abelia

chiefly east Asian shrubs

Diervilla, genus Diervilla

small genus of low deciduous shrubs: bush honeysuckles

bush honeysuckle, Diervilla lonicera

spreading bush of northeastern United States having small clusters of fragrant green-yellow flowers

bush honeysuckle, Diervilla sessilifolia

bush honeysuckle of southeastern United States having large crowded clusters of sulfur-yellow flowers

Kolkwitzia, genus Kolkwitzia

Chinese genus of 1 species: beauty bush

Leycesteria, genus Leycesteria

small species of suckering shrubs of western Himalayas to China

beauty bush, Kolkwitzia amabilis

Chinese deciduous shrub with yellow-throated pinkish flowers and bristly fruit; often cultivated as an ornamental

Himalaya honeysuckle, Leycesteria formosa

shrub honeysuckle with drooping spikes of purplish flowers

American twinflower, Linnaea borealis americana

similar to the twinflower of northern Europe and Asia

Linnaea, genus Linnaea

1 species: twinflower

twinflower, Linnaea borealis

creeping evergreen subshrub of the northern parts of Europe and Asia with delicate fragrant tubular bell-shaped usually pink flowers borne in pairs

American fly honeysuckle, fly honeysuckle, Lonicera canadensis

erect deciduous North American shrub with red-tinged yellow-white flowers

Lonicera, genus Lonicera

woodbine

honeysuckle

shrub or vine of the genus Lonicera

white honeysuckle, Lonicera albiflora

bushy honeysuckle with twining branches and white or yellow-white flowers; southern United States

Italian honeysuckle, Italian woodbine, Lonicera caprifolium

deciduous climbing shrub with fragrant yellow-white flowers in axillary whorls

yellow honeysuckle, Lonicera dioica

twining deciduous shrub with clusters of purple-tinged yellow-green flowers; northeastern America

yellow honeysuckle, Lonicera flava

climbing deciduous shrub with fragrant yellow (later orange) flowers in terminal whorls; southeastern United States

hairy honeysuckle, Lonicera hirsuta

twining deciduous shrub with hairy leaves and spikes of yellow-orange flowers; northeastern America

twinberry, Lonicera involucrata

shrubby honeysuckle with purple flowers; western North America

Japanese honeysuckle, Lonicera japonica

an Asiatic trailing evergreen honeysuckle with half-evergreen leaves and fragrant white flowers turning yellow with age; has become a weed in some areas

Hall's honeysuckle, Lonicera japonica halliana

a variety of Japanese honeysuckle that grows like a vine; established as an aggressive escape in southeastern United States

Morrow's honeysuckle, Lonicera morrowii

a gray deciduous honeysuckle shrub paired white flowers turning yellow; Japan

woodbine, Lonicera periclymenum

European twining honeysuckle with fragrant red and yellow-white flowers

trumpet honeysuckle, coral honeysuckle, trumpet flower, trumpet vine, Lonicera sempervirens

evergreen North American honeysuckle vine having coral-red or orange flowers

bush honeysuckle, Tartarian honeysuckle, Lonicera tatarica

a honeysuckle shrub of southern Russia to central Asia

Symphoricarpos, genus Symphoricarpos

deciduous shrubs of North America and Central America and China

European fly honeysuckle, European honeysuckle, Lonicera xylosteum

cultivated Eurasian shrub with twin yellowish-white flowers and scarlet fruit

swamp fly honeysuckle

a variety of fly honeysuckle

snowberry, common snowberry, waxberry, Symphoricarpos alba

deciduous shrub of western North America having spikes of pink flowers followed by round white berries

coralberry, Indian currant, Symphoricarpos orbiculatus

North American deciduous shrub cultivated for it abundant clusters of coral-red berrylike fruits

elder, elderberry bush

any of numerous shrubs or small trees of temperate and subtropical northern hemisphere having white flowers and berrylike fruit

Sambucus, genus Sambucus

elder; elderberry

blue elder, blue elderberry, Sambucus caerulea

shrub or small tree of western United States having white flowers and blue berries; fruit used in wines and jellies

American elder, black elderberry, sweet elder, Sambucus canadensis

common elder of central and eastern North America bearing purple-black berries; fruit used in wines and jellies

dwarf elder, danewort, Sambucus ebulus

dwarf herbaceous elder of Europe having pink flowers and a nauseous odor

bourtree, black elder, common elder, elderberry, European elder, Sambucus nigra

common black-fruited shrub or small tree of Europe and Asia; fruit used for wines and jellies

American red elder, red-berried elder, stinking elder, Sambucus pubens

common North American shrub or small tree

feverroot, horse gentian, tinker's root, wild coffee, Triostium perfoliatum

coarse weedy American perennial herb with large usually perfoliate leaves and purple or dull red flowers

European red elder, red-berried elder, Sambucus racemosa

Eurasian shrub

Triostium, genus Triostium

genus of Asiatic and North American herbs: feverroot

Viburnum, genus Viburnum

deciduous or evergreen shrubs or small trees: arrow-wood; wayfaring tree

cranberry bush, cranberry tree, American cranberry bush, highbush cranberry, Viburnum trilobum

deciduous North American shrub or small tree having three-lobed leaves and red berries

wayfaring tree, twistwood, Viburnum lantana

vigorous deciduous European treelike shrub common along waysides; red berries turn black

arrow wood, southern arrow wood, Viburnum dentatum

deciduous shrub of eastern North America having blue-black berries and tough pliant wood formerly used to make arrows

guelder rose, European cranberrybush, European cranberry bush, crampbark, cranberry tree, Viburnum opulus

deciduous thicket-forming Old World shrub with clusters of white flowers and small bright red berries

black haw, Viburnum prunifolium

upright deciduous shrub having frosted dark-blue fruit; east and east central North America

arrow wood, Viburnum recognitum

closely related to southern arrow wood; the eastern United States Maine to Ohio and Georgia

weigela, Weigela florida

deciduous shrub widely cultivated for its white or pink or red flowers

genus Weigela

east Asian flowering shrubs

Dipsacaceae, family Dipsacaceae

chiefly southern European herbs with flowers usually in dense cymose heads

Dipsacus, genus Dipsacus

type genus of the Dipsacaceae: teasel

teasel, teazel, teasle

any of several herbs of the genus Dipsacus native to the Old World having flower heads surrounded by spiny bracts

fuller's teasel, Dipsacus sativus

similar to the common teasel and similarly used; widespread in Europe and North Africa and western Asia; naturalized in United States

common teasel, Dipsacus fullonum

teasel with lilac flowers native to Old World but naturalized in North America; dried flower heads used to raise a nap on woolen cloth

genus Scabiosa

annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs; mainly Mediterranean

wild teasel, Dipsacus sylvestris

European teasel with white to pink flowers; naturalized in United States

scabious, scabiosa

any of various plants of the genus Scabiosa

sweet scabious, pincushion flower, mournful widow, Scabiosa atropurpurea

Old World annual having fragrant purple to deep crimson flower heads; naturalized in United States

field scabious, Scabiosa arvensis

perennial having bluish-lilac flowers; introduced in the eastern United States

Balsaminaceae, family Balsaminaceae, balsam family

distinguished from the family Geraniaceae by the irregular flowers

genus Impatiens

annual or perennial herbs with stems more or less succulent; cosmopolitan except for South America, Australia, and New Zealand

jewelweed, lady's earrings, orange balsam, celandine, touch-me-not, Impatiens capensis

North American annual plant with usually yellow or orange flowers; grows chiefly on wet rather acid soil

Geraniales, order Geraniales

an order of plants of subclass Rosidae including geraniums and many other plants; see Euphorbiaceae; Geraniaceae; Rutaceae; Malpighiaceae; Simaroubaceae; Meliaceae; Zygophyllaceae; Tropaeolaceae

geranium

any of numerous plants of the family Geraniaceae

Geraniaceae, family Geraniaceae, geranium family

chiefly herbaceous plants

genus Geranium

genus of mostly North American geraniums: cranesbills

cranesbill, crane's bill

any of numerous geraniums of the genus Geranium

wild geranium, spotted cranesbill, Geranium maculatum

common wild geranium of eastern North America with deeply parted leaves and rose-purple flowers

meadow cranesbill, Geranium pratense

tall perennial cranesbill with paired violet-blue axillary flowers; native to northern parts of Old World and naturalized in North America

Richardson's geranium, Geranium richardsonii

geranium of western North America having branched clusters of white or pale pink flowers

sticky geranium, Geranium viscosissimum

geranium of western North America having pinkish-purple flowers in open clusters

herb robert, herbs robert, herb roberts, Geranium robertianum

a sticky low herb with small reddish-purple flowers; widespread in the northern hemisphere

Pelargonium, genus Pelargonium

geraniums native chiefly to South Africa; widely cultivated

dove's foot geranium, Geranium molle

western geranium with small pink flowers; a common weed on lawns and in vacant lots

rose geranium, sweet-scented geranium, Pelargonium graveolens

any of several southern African geraniums having fragrant 3- to 5-lobed leaves and pink flowers

ivy geranium, ivy-leaved geranium, hanging geranium, Pelargonium peltatum

a commonly cultivated trailing South American plant with peltate leaves and rosy flowers

fish geranium, bedding geranium, zonal pelargonium, Pelargonium hortorum

an upright geranium having scalloped leaves with a broad color zone inside the margin and white or pink or red flowers

Erodium, genus Erodium

geraniums of Europe and South America and Australia especially mountainous regions

apple geranium, nutmet geranium, Pelargonium odoratissimum

geranium with round fragrant leaves and small white flowers

lemon geranium, Pelargonium limoneum

a common garden geranium with lemon-scented foliage

storksbill, heron's bill

any of various plants of the genus Erodium

redstem storksbill, alfilaria, alfileria, filaree, filaria, clocks, pin grass, pin clover, Erodium cicutarium

European weed naturalized in southwestern United States and Mexico having reddish decumbent stems with small fernlike leaves and small deep reddish-lavender flowers followed by slender pinlike fruits that stick straight up; often grown for forage

musk clover, muskus grass, white-stemmed filaree, Erodium moschatum

low annual European herb naturalized in America; similar to alfilaria

Erythroxylaceae, family Erythroxylaceae

a family of plants of order Geraniales; have drupaceous fruit

Texas storksbill, Erodium texanum

of prairies and desert areas of southwestern United States and Mexico

Erythroxylon, genus Erythroxylon, Erythroxylum, genus Erythroxylum

a large genus of South American shrubs and small trees of the family Erythroxylaceae

Burseraceae, family Burseraceae, torchwood family

resinous or aromatic chiefly tropical shrubs or trees

Erythroxylon coca, coca

a South American shrub whose leaves are chewed by natives of the Andes; a source of cocaine

Erythroxylon truxiuense

a South American shrub whose leaves are a source of cocaine

gumbo-limbo, Bursera simaruba

tropical American tree yielding a reddish resin used in cements and varnishes

incense tree

any of various tropical trees of the family Burseraceae yielding fragrant gums or resins that are burned as incense

Bursera, genus Bursera

type genus of Burseraceae; tropical and subtropical American shrubs and trees some yielding timber and gum elemi

elephant tree, Bursera microphylla

small spicy-odored tree or shrub of southwestern United States having odd-pinnate leaves and small clusters of white flowers

Boswellia, genus Boswellia

genus of incense-yielding trees of North Africa and India

salai, Boswellia serrata

East Indian tree yielding a resin used medicinally and burned as incense

Boswellia carteri

tree yielding an aromatic gum resin burned as incense

Commiphora, genus Commiphora

genus of East Indian and African trees yielding balsamic products

balm of gilead, Commiphora meccanensis

small evergreen tree of Africa and Asia; leaves have a strong aromatic odor when bruised

myrrh tree, Commiphora myrrha

tree of eastern Africa and Asia yielding myrrh

Protium, genus Protium

genus of chiefly tropical American trees having fragrant wood and yielding gum elemi

Protium heptaphyllum

tropical American tree

Protium guianense

tropical American tree

water starwort

any of several aquatic plants having a star-shaped rosette of floating leaves; America, Europe and Asia

Callitrichaceae, family Callitrichaceae

dicot aquatic herbs

Callitriche, genus Callitriche

water starworts

jiqui, Malpighia obovata

cuban timber tree with hard wood very resistant to moisture

Malpighiaceae, family Malpighiaceae

tropical shrubs or trees

Malpighia, genus Malpighia

type genus of the Malpighiaceae

Melia, genus Melia

type genus of the Meliaceae: East Indian and Australian deciduous trees with leaves resembling those of the ash

barbados cherry, acerola, Surinam cherry, West Indian cherry, Malpighia glabra

tropical American shrub bearing edible acid red fruit resembling cherries

Meliaceae, family Meliaceae, mahogany family

tropical trees and shrubs including many important timber and ornamental trees

mahogany, mahogany tree

any of various tropical timber trees of the family Meliaceae especially the genus Swietinia valued for their hard yellowish- to reddish-brown wood that is readily worked and takes a high polish

mahogany

wood of any of various mahogany trees; much used for cabinetwork and furniture

chinaberry, chinaberry tree, China tree, Persian lilac, pride-of-India, azederach, azedarach, Melia azederach, Melia azedarach

tree of northern India and China having purple blossoms and small inedible yellow fruits; naturalized in the southern United States as a shade tree

neem, neem tree, nim tree, margosa, arishth, Azadirachta indica, Melia Azadirachta

large semi-evergreen tree of East India; trunk exudes a tenacious gum; bitter bark used as a tonic; seeds yield an aromatic oil; sometimes placed in genus Melia

Azadirachta, genus Azadirachta

genus of large important East Indian trees: neem trees

Spanish cedar, Spanish cedar tree, Cedrela odorata

tropical American tree yielding fragrant wood used especially for boxes

Cedrela, genus Cedrela

tropical American trees

Chloroxylon, genus Chloroxylon

deciduous trees of India and Sri Lanka

satinwood, satinwood tree, Chloroxylon swietenia

East Indian tree with valuable hard lustrous yellowish wood;

African scented mahogany, cedar mahogany, sapele mahogany, Entandrophragma cylindricum

African tree having rather lightweight cedar-scented wood varying in color from pink to reddish brown

Entandrophragma, genus Entandrophragma

cedar mahogany trees

Flindersia, genus Flindersia

small genus of Australian timber trees

silver ash

any of various timber trees of the genus Flindersia

native beech, flindosa, flindosy, Flindersia australis

tall Australian timber tree yielding tough hard wood used for staves etc

bunji-bunji, Flindersia schottiana

Australian timber tree whose bark yields a poison

African mahogany

African tree having hard heavy odorless wood

Khaya, genus Khaya

African mahogany trees

genus Lansium

a dicotyledonous genus of the family Meliaceae

lanseh tree, langsat, langset, Lansium domesticum

East Indian tree bearing an edible yellow berry

Honduras mahogany, Swietinia macrophylla

an important Central American mahogany tree

Lovoa, genus Lovoa

genus of African timber trees

African walnut, Lovoa klaineana

tropical African timber tree with mahoganylike wood

Swietinia, genus Swietinia

tropical American mahogany trees

true mahogany, Cuban mahogany, Dominican mahogany, Swietinia mahogani

mahogany tree of West Indies

Philippine mahogany, Philippine cedar, kalantas, Toona calantas, Cedrela calantas

Philippine timber tree having hard red fragrant wood

Toona, genus Toona

formerly included in genus Cedrela

genus Turreae

genus of trees and shrubs of tropical Africa and Asia and Australia

turreae

any of numerous trees and shrubs grown for their beautiful glossy foliage and sweetly fragrant starry flowers

Lepidobotryaceae, family Lepidobotryaceae

family created in 1950 solely for the classification of a distinctive African tree repeatedly classified in other families; trees long believed to exist only in Africa

genus Lepidobotrys

a genus of dicotyledonous trees belonging to the family Lepidobotryaceae

lepidobotrys

African tree often classified in other families; similar to the Costa Rican caracolito in wood structure as well as in fruit and flowers and leaves and seeds

Ruptiliocarpon, genus Ruptiliocarpon

new (1993) genus of trees of Central America now recognized as similar to those of genus Lepidobotrys

genus Oxalis

type genus of the Oxalidaceae; large genus of plants having leaves that resemble clover and variously colored flowers usually clustered in umbels

caracolito, Ruptiliocarpon caracolito

large Costa Rican mahogonylike tree having light-colored wood suitable for cabinetry; similar to the African lepidobotrys in wood structure as well as in fruit and flowers and leaves and seeds; often classified in other families

Oxalidaceae, family Oxalidaceae, wood-sorrel family

a family of widely distributed herbs of the order Geraniales; have compound leaves and pentamerous flowers

oxalis, sorrel, wood sorrel

any plant or flower of the genus Oxalis

Bermuda buttercup, English-weed, Oxalis pes-caprae, Oxalis cernua

South African bulbous wood sorrel with showy yellow flowers

common wood sorrel, cuckoo bread, shamrock, Oxalis acetosella

Eurasian plant with heart-shaped trifoliate leaves and white pink- or purple-veined flowers

creeping oxalis, creeping wood sorrel, Oxalis corniculata

creeping much-branched mat-forming weed; cosmopolitan

goatsfoot, goat's foot, Oxalis caprina

short-stemmed South African plant with bluish flowers

violet wood sorrel, Oxalis violacea

perennial herb of eastern North America with palmately compound leaves and usually rose-purple flowers

oca, oka, Oxalis tuberosa, Oxalis crenata

South American wood sorrel cultivated for its edible tubers

Averrhoa, genus Averrhoa

trees native to East Indies having pinnate leaves: carambolas

carambola, carambola tree, Averrhoa carambola

East Indian tree bearing deeply ridged yellow-brown fruit

bilimbi, Averrhoa bilimbi

East Indian evergreen tree bearing very acid fruit

Polygala, genus Polygala

type genus of the Polygalaceae: milkwort; seneca; snakeroot

Polygalaceae, family Polygalaceae, milkwort family

trees, shrubs, and herbs widely distributed throughout both hemispheres

milkwort

any of various plants of the genus Polygala

orange milkwort, yellow milkwort, candyweed, yellow bachelor's button, Polygala lutea

bog plant of pine barrens of southeastern United States having spikes of irregular yellow-orange flowers

senega, Polygala alba

perennial bushy herb of Central and southern United States having white flowers with green centers and often purple crest; similar to Seneca snakeroot

flowering wintergreen, gaywings, bird-on-the-wing, fringed polygala, Polygala paucifolia

common trailing perennial milkwort of eastern North America having leaves like wintergreen and usually rosy-purple flowers with winged sepals

Seneca snakeroot, Seneka snakeroot, senga root, senega root, senega snakeroot, Polygala senega

eastern North American plant having a terminal cluster of small white flowers and medicinal roots

common milkwort, gand flower, Polygala vulgaris

small European perennial with numerous branches having racemes of blue, pink or white flowers; formerly reputed to promote human lactation

Rutaceae, family Rutaceae, rue family

a family of dicotyledonous plants of order Geraniales; have flowers that are divide into four or five parts and usually have a strong scent

Ruta, genus Ruta

type genus of the Rutaceae; strong-scented Eurasian herbs and subherbs

citrus, citrus tree

any of numerous tropical usually thorny evergreen trees of the genus Citrus having leathery evergreen leaves and widely cultivated for their juicy edible fruits having leathery aromatic rinds

rue, herb of grace, Ruta graveolens

European strong-scented perennial herb with gray-green bitter-tasting leaves; an irritant similar to poison ivy

genus Citrus

orange; lemon; lime; etc.

orange, orange tree

any citrus tree bearing oranges

pomelo, pomelo tree, pummelo, shaddock, Citrus maxima, Citrus grandis, Citrus decumana

southeastern Asian tree producing large fruits resembling grapefruits

sour orange, Seville orange, bitter orange, bitter orange tree, bigarade, marmalade orange, Citrus aurantium

any of various common orange trees yielding sour or bitter fruit; used as grafting stock

bergamot, bergamot orange, Citrus bergamia

small tree with pear-shaped fruit whose oil is used in perfumery; Italy

citron, citron tree, Citrus medica

thorny evergreen small tree or shrub of India widely cultivated for its large lemonlike fruits that have thick warty rind

grapefruit, Citrus paradisi

citrus tree bearing large round edible fruit having a thick yellow rind and juicy somewhat acid pulp

mandarin, mandarin orange, mandarin orange tree, Citrus reticulata

shrub or small tree having flattened globose fruit with very sweet aromatic pulp and thin yellow-orange to flame-orange rind that is loose and easily removed; native to southeastern Asia

sweet orange, sweet orange tree, Citrus sinensis

probably native to southern China; widely cultivated as source of table and juice oranges

tangerine, tangerine tree

a variety of mandarin orange

clementine, clementine tree

a variety of mandarin orange

satsuma, satsuma tree

a variety of mandarin orange

temple orange, temple orange tree, tangor, king orange, Citrus nobilis

large citrus tree having large sweet deep orange fruit that is easily peeled; widely cultivated in Florida

tangelo, tangelo tree, ugli fruit, Citrus tangelo

hybrid between grapefruit and mandarin orange; cultivated especially in Florida

rangpur, rangpur lime, lemanderin, Citrus limonia

hybrid between mandarin orange and lemon having very acid fruit with orange peel

lemon, lemon tree, Citrus limon

a small evergreen tree that originated in Asia but is widely cultivated for its fruit

sweet lemon, sweet lime, Citrus limetta

lemon tree having fruit with a somewhat insipid sweetish pulp

lime, lime tree, Citrus aurantifolia

any of various related trees bearing limes

citrange, citrange tree, Citroncirus webberi

more aromatic and acidic than oranges

Citroncirus, genus Citroncirus

a cross between Citrus sinensis and Poncirus_trifoliata

Dictamnus, genus Dictamnus

a dicotyledonous genus of the family Rutaceae

fraxinella, dittany, burning bush, gas plant, Dictamnus alba

Eurasian perennial herb with white flowers that emit flammable vapor in hot weather

marumi, marumi kumquat, round kumquat, Fortunella japonica

shrub bearing round-fruited kumquats

Fortunella, genus Fortunella

small genus of shrubs native to south China producing small ovoid orangelike fruits: kumquats

kumquat, cumquat, kumquat tree

any of several trees or shrubs of the genus Fortunella bearing small orange-colored edible fruits with thick sweet-flavored skin and sour pulp

Phellodendron, genus Phellodendron

small genus of aromatic deciduous trees of east Asia often having thick corky bark

nagami, nagami kumquat, oval kumquat, Fortunella margarita

shrub bearing oval-fruited kumquats

cork tree, Phellodendron amurense

deciduous tree of China and Manchuria having a turpentine aroma and handsome compound leaves turning yellow in autumn and deeply fissured corky bark

trifoliate orange, trifoliata, wild orange, Poncirus trifoliata

small fast-growing spiny deciduous Chinese orange tree bearing sweetly scented flowers and decorative but inedible fruit: used as a stock in grafting and for hedges

Poncirus, genus Poncirus

1 species: trifoliate orange

Zanthoxylum, genus Zanthoxylum

deciduous or evergreen trees or shrubs: prickly ash

prickly ash

any of a number of trees or shrubs of the genus Zanthoxylum having spiny branches

toothache tree, sea ash, Zanthoxylum americanum, Zanthoxylum fraxineum

small deciduous aromatic shrub (or tree) having spiny branches and yellowish flowers; eastern North America

Hercules'-club, Hercules'-clubs, Hercules-club, Zanthoxylum clava-herculis

densely spiny ornamental of southeastern United States and West Indies

satinwood, West Indian satinwood, Zanthoxylum flavum

West Indian tree with smooth lustrous and slightly oily wood

Simaroubaceae, family Simaroubaceae, quassia family

chiefly tropical trees and shrubs with bitter bark having dry usually one-seeded winged fruit

bitterwood tree

any of various trees or shrubs of the family Simaroubaceae having wood and bark with a bitter taste

Simarouba, genus Simarouba

type genus of Simaroubaceae; tropical American trees and shrubs having a pale soft wood and bitter bark

marupa, Simarouba amara

tree of the Amazon valley yielding a light brittle timber locally regarded as resistant to insect attack

paradise tree, bitterwood, Simarouba glauca

medium to large tree of tropical North and South America having odd-pinnate leaves and long panicles of small pale yellow flowers followed by scarlet fruits

tree of heaven, tree of the gods, Ailanthus altissima

deciduous rapidly growing tree of China with sumaclike foliage and sweetish fetid flowers; widely planted in United States as a street tree because of its resistance to pollution

genus Ailanthus

small genus of east Asian and Chinese trees with odd-pinnate leaves and long twisted samaras

ailanthus

any of several deciduous Asian trees of the genus Ailanthus

wild mango, dika, wild mango tree, Irvingia gabonensis

African tree with edible yellow mangolike fruit valued for its oil-rich seed and hardy green termite-resistant wood

Irvingia, genus Irvingia

wild mango

Picrasma, genus Picrasma

small genus of deciduous trees of tropical America and Asia

Kirkia, genus Kirkia

small genus of tropical South African trees and shrubs

pepper tree, Kirkia wilmsii

small African deciduous tree with spreading crown having leaves clustered toward ends of branches and lilaclike clusters of creamy flowers

Jamaica quassia, bitterwood, Picrasma excelsa, Picrasma excelsum

West Indian tree yielding the drug Jamaica quassia

genus Quassia

tropical trees and shrubs with pinnate leaves and large scarlet flowers; bark is medicinal

Tropaeolaceae, family Tropaeolaceae, naturtium family

coextensive with the genus Tropaeolum

quassia, bitterwood, Quassia amara

handsome South American shrub or small tree having bright scarlet flowers and yielding a valuable fine-grained yellowish wood; yields the bitter drug quassia from its wood and bark

nasturtium

any tropical American plant of the genus Tropaeolum having pungent juice and long-spurred yellow to red flowers

Tropaeolum, genus Tropaeolum

a tropical American genus of dicotyledonous climbing or diffuse pungent herbs constituting the family Tropaeolaceae

garden nasturtium, Indian cress, Tropaeolum majus

strong-growing annual climber having large flowers of all shades of orange from orange-red to yellowish orange and seeds that are pickled and used like capers

bush nasturtium, Tropaeolum minus

nonclimbing annual with deep yellow flowers smaller than the common garden nasturtium

canarybird flower, canarybird vine, canary creeper, Tropaeolum peregrinum

a climber having canary-colored flowers

Zygophyllum, genus Zygophyllum

usually tropical herbs or shrubs having ill-smelling foliage and flower buds that are used as capers: bean capers

Zygophyllaceae, family Zygophyllaceae, bean-caper family

small trees, shrubs, and herbs of warm arid and saline regions; often resinous; some poisonous: genera Zygophyllum; Tribulus; Guaiacum: Larrea

palo santo, Bulnesia sarmienti

South American tree of dry interior regions of Argentina and Paraguay having resinous heartwood used for incense

bean caper, Syrian bean caper, Zygophyllum fabago

perennial shrub of the eastern Mediterranean region and southwestern Asia having flowers whose buds are used as capers

Bulnesia, genus Bulnesia

palo santo

Guaiacum, genus Guaiacum

small genus of evergreen resinous trees or shrubs of warm and tropical America

lignum vitae, Guaiacum officinale

small evergreen tree of Caribbean and southern Central America to northern South America; a source of lignum vitae wood, hardest of commercial timbers, and a medicinal resin

bastard lignum vitae, Guaiacum sanctum

small evergreen tree of the southern United States and West Indies a source of lignum vitae wood

Larrea, genus Larrea

xerophytic evergreen shrubs; South America to southwestern United States

creosote bush, coville, hediondilla, Larrea tridentata

desert shrub of southwestern United States and New Mexico having persistent resinous aromatic foliage and small yellow flowers

Tribulus, genus Tribulus

annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs of warm regions

caltrop, devil's weed, Tribulus terestris

tropical annual procumbent poisonous subshrub having fruit that splits into five spiny nutlets; serious pasture weed

Salicales, order Salicales

coextensive with the family Salicaceae

Salicaceae, family Salicaceae, willow family

two genera of trees or shrubs having hairy catkins: Salix; Populus

Salix, genus Salix

a large and widespread genus varying in size from small shrubs to large trees: willows

white willow, Huntingdon willow, Salix alba

large willow tree of Eurasia and North Africa having grayish canescent leaves and gray bark

willow, willow tree

any of numerous deciduous trees and shrubs of the genus Salix

osier

any of various willows having pliable twigs used in basketry and furniture

silver willow, silky willow, Salix alba sericea, Salix sericea

North American willow with grayish silky pubescent leaves that usually blacken in drying

golden willow, Salix alba vitellina, Salix vitellina

European willow having grayish leaves and yellow-orange twigs used in basketry

weeping willow, Babylonian weeping willow, Salix babylonica

willow with long drooping branches and slender leaves native to China; widely cultivated as an ornamental

cricket-bat willow, Salix alba caerulea

Eurasian willow tree having grayish leaves and ascending branches

arctic willow, Salix arctica

low creeping shrub of Arctic Europe and America

Wisconsin weeping willow, Salix pendulina, Salix blanda, Salix pendulina blanda

hybrid willow usually not strongly weeping in habit

pussy willow, Salix discolor

small willow of eastern North America having grayish leaves and silky catkins that come before the leaves

almond willow, black Hollander, Salix triandra, Salix amygdalina

Old World willow with light green leaves cultivated for use in basketry

sallow

any of several Old World shrubby broad-leaved willows having large catkins; some are important sources for tanbark and charcoal

goat willow, florist's willow, pussy willow, Salix caprea

much-branched Old World willow having large catkins and relatively large broad leaves

peachleaf willow, peach-leaved willow, almond-leaves willow, Salix amygdaloides

willow of the western United States with leaves like those of peach or almond trees

crack willow, brittle willow, snap willow, Salix fragilis

large willow tree with stiff branches that are easily broken

hoary willow, sage willow, Salix candida

North American shrub with whitish canescent leaves

dwarf willow, Salix herbacea

widely distributed boreal shrubby willow with partially underground creeping stems and bright green glossy leaves

prairie willow, Salix humilis

slender shrubby willow of dry areas of North America

gray willow, Salix cinerea

Eurasian shrubby willow with whitish tomentose twigs

arroyo willow, Salix lasiolepis

shrubby willow of the western United States

shining willow, Salix lucida

common North American shrub with shiny lanceolate leaves

swamp willow, black willow, Salix nigra

North American shrubby willow having dark bark and linear leaves growing close to streams and lakes

bay willow, laurel willow, Salix pentandra

European willow tree with shining leathery leaves; widely naturalized in the eastern United States

purple willow, red willow, red osier, basket willow, purple osier, Salix purpurea

Eurasian osier having reddish or purple twigs and bark rich in tannin

balsam willow, Salix pyrifolia

small shrubby tree of eastern North America having leaves exuding an odor of balsam when crushed

creeping willow, Salix repens

small trailing bush of Europe and Asia having straggling branches with silky green leaves of which several varieties are cultivated

Sitka willow, silky willow, Salix sitchensis

small shrubby tree of western North America (Alaska to Oregon)

dwarf gray willow, sage willow, Salix tristis

willow shrub of dry places in the eastern United States having long narrow leaves canescent beneath

common osier, hemp willow, velvet osier, Salix viminalis

willow with long flexible twigs used in basketry

bearberry willow, Salix uva-ursi

dwarf prostrate mat-forming shrub of arctic and alpine regions of North America and Greenland having deep green elliptic leaves that taper toward the base

Populus, genus Populus

a genus of trees of the family Salicaceae that is found in the northern hemisphere; poplars

poplar, poplar tree

any of numerous trees of north temperate regions having light soft wood and flowers borne in catkins

balsam poplar, hackmatack, tacamahac, Populus balsamifera

poplar of northeastern North America with broad heart-shaped leaves

white poplar, white aspen, abele, aspen poplar, silver-leaved poplar, Populus alba

a poplar that is widely cultivated in the United States; has white bark and leaves with whitish undersurfaces

gray poplar, Populus canescens

large rapidly growing poplar with faintly lobed dentate leaves gray on the lower surface; native to Europe but introduced and naturalized elsewhere

Lombardy poplar, Populus nigra italica

distinguished by its columnar fastigiate shape and erect branches

black poplar, Populus nigra

large European poplar

Eastern cottonwood, necklace poplar, Populus deltoides

a common poplar of eastern and central United States; cultivated in United States for its rapid growth and luxuriant foliage and in Europe for timber

cottonwood

any of several North American trees of the genus Populus having a tuft of cottony hairs on the seed

swamp cottonwood, black cottonwood, downy poplar, swamp poplar, Populus heterophylla

North American poplar with large rounded scalloped leaves and brownish bark and wood

black cottonwood, Western balsam poplar, Populus trichocarpa

cottonwood of western North America with dark green leaves shining above and rusty or silvery beneath

aspen

any of several trees of the genus Populus having leaves on flattened stalks so that they flutter in the lightest wind

quaking aspen, European quaking aspen, Populus tremula

Old World aspen with a broad much-branched crown; northwestern Europe and Siberia to North Africa

American quaking aspen, American aspen, Populus tremuloides

slender aspen native to North America

Canadian aspen, bigtooth aspen, bigtoothed aspen, big-toothed aspen, large-toothed aspen, large tooth aspen, Populus grandidentata

aspen with a narrow crown; eastern North America

Santalales, order Santalales

order of plants distinguished by having a one-celled inferior ovary; many are parasitic or partly parasitic usually on roots

Santalaceae, family Santalaceae, sandalwood family

chiefly tropical herbs or shrubs or trees bearing nuts or one-seeded fruit

Santalum, genus Santalum

parasitic Indo-Malayan trees

sandalwood tree, true sandalwood, Santalum album

Indo-Malayan parasitic tree having fragrant close-grained yellowish heartwood with insect-repelling properties and used for e.g. chests

buckleya, Buckleya distichophylla

parasitic shrub of the eastern United States having opposite leaves and insignificant greenish flowers followed by oily dull-green olivelike fruits

genus Buckleya

small genus of Asiatic and American parasitic shrubs

Comandra, genus Comandra

small genus of chiefly North American parasitic plants

bastard toadflax, Comandra pallida

woody creeping parasite of western North America having numerous thick powderly-looking leaves and panicles of small dull-white flowers

quandong, quandang, quandong tree, Eucarya acuminata, Fusanus acuminatus

Australian tree with edible flesh and edible nutlike seed

Eucarya, genus Eucarya, Fusanus, genus Fusanus

quandong trees

Pyrularia, genus Pyrularia

small genus of chiefly Asiatic parasitic shrubs

Loranthaceae, family Loranthaceae, mistletoe family

in some classification includes Viscaceae: parasitic or hemiparasitic shrublets or shrubs or small trees of tropical and temperate regions; attach to hosts by haustoria

rabbitwood, buffalo nut, Pyrularia pubera

shrub of southeasternUni ted States parasitic on roots of hemlocks having sparse spikes of greenish flowers and pulpy drupes

Loranthus, genus Loranthus

type genus of the Loranthaceae: 1 species

mistletoe, Loranthus europaeus

shrub of central and southeastern Europe; partially parasitic on beeches, chestnuts and oaks

Arceuthobium, genus Arceuthobium

genus of chiefly American plants parasitic on conifers

Viscaceae, family Viscaceae, mistletoe family

in some classifications considered a subfamily of Loranthaceae

American mistletoe, Arceuthobium pusillum

small herb with scalelike leaves on reddish-brown stems and berrylike fruits; parasitic on spruce and larch trees

Nuytsia, genus Nuytsia

one species

flame tree, fire tree, Christmas tree, Nuytsia floribunda

a terrestrial evergreen shrub or small tree of western Australia having brilliant yellow-orange flowers; parasitic on roots of grasses

Viscum, genus Viscum

type genus of the Viscaceae: Old World evergreen shrubs parasitic on many trees including oaks but especially apple trees, poplars, aspens and cottonwoods

mistletoe, Viscum album, Old World mistletoe

Old World parasitic shrub having branching greenish stems with leathery leaves and waxy white glutinous berries; the traditional mistletoe of Christmas

Phoradendron, genus Phoradendron

any of various American parasitic plants similar to Old World mistletoe: false mistletoe

mistletoe, false mistletoe

American plants closely resembling Old World mistletoe

American mistletoe, Phoradendron serotinum, Phoradendron flavescens

the traditional mistletoe of Christmas in America: grows on deciduous trees and can severely weaken the host plant

wild China tree, Sapindus drumondii, Sapindus marginatus

deciduous tree of southwestern United States having pulpy fruit containing saponin

Sapindales, order Sapindales

an order od dicotyledonous plants

Sapindaceae, family Sapindaceae, soapberry family

chiefly tropical New and Old World deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs bearing leathery drupes with yellow translucent flesh; most plants produce toxic saponins

soapberry, soapberry tree

a tree of the genus Sapindus whose fruit is rich in saponin

Sapindus, genus Sapindus

type genus of the Sapindaceae

China tree, false dogwood, jaboncillo, chinaberry, Sapindus saponaria

evergreen of tropical America having pulpy fruit containing saponin which was used as soap by native Americans

Blighia, genus Blighia

small genus of western African evergreen trees and shrubs bearing fleshy capsular three-seeded fruits edible when neither unripe nor overripe

Cardiospermum, genus Cardiospermum

tendril-climbing herbs or shrubs whose seeds have a white heart-shaped spot

akee, akee tree, Blighia sapida

widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions for its fragrant flowers and colorful fruits; introduced in Jamaica by Captain Bligh of HMS Bounty

longan, lungen, longanberry, Dimocarpus longan, Euphoria litchi, Nephelium longana

tree of southeastern Asia to Australia grown primarily for its sweet translucent-fleshed edible fruit resembling litchi nuts; sometimes placed in genera Euphoria or Nephelium

soapberry vine

tendril-climbing vine

heartseed, Cardiospermum grandiflorum

herbaceous vine of tropical America and Africa

balloon vine, heart pea, Cardiospermum halicacabum

woody perennial climbing plant with large ornamental seed pods that resemble balloons; tropical India and Africa and America

Dimocarpus, genus Dimocarpus

longan

genus Harpullia

genus of tropical Asiatic and African trees

harpullia

any of various tree of the genus Harpullia

Moreton Bay tulipwood, Harpullia pendula

Australian tree yielding a variegated tulipwood

harpulla, Harpullia cupanioides

fast-growing tree of India and East Indies yielding a wood used especially for building

litchi, lichee, litchi tree, Litchi chinensis, Nephelium litchi

Chinese tree cultivated especially in Philippines and India for its edible fruit; sometimes placed in genus Nephelium

genus Litchi

Chinese trees

Melicoccus, genus Melicoccus, Melicocca, genus Melicocca

tropical American trees and shrubs bearing berries

Spanish lime, Spanish lime tree, honey berry, mamoncillo, genip, ginep, Melicocca bijuga, Melicocca bijugatus

tropical American tree bearing a small edible fruit with green leathery skin and sweet juicy translucent pulp

Nephelium, genus Nephelium

a genus of dicotyledonous trees of the family Sapindaceae that are native to Asia and Australia

rambutan, rambotan, rambutan tree, Nephelium lappaceum

Malayan tree bearing spiny red fruit

pulasan, pulassan, pulasan tree, Nephelium mutabile

East Indian fruit tree bearing fruit similar to but sweeter than that of the rambutan

common box, European box, Buxus sempervirens

large slow-growing multistemmed evergreen shrub or small tree; extensively used for hedges or borders and topiary figures

Buxaceae, family Buxaceae, box family

widely distributed evergreen shrubs and trees

Buxus, genus Buxus

type genus of the Buxaceae

box, boxwood

evergreen shrubs or small trees

Allegheny spurge, Allegheny mountain spurge, Pachysandra procumbens

low semi-evergreen perennial herb having small spikes of white or pinkish flowers; native to southern United States but grown elsewhere

genus Pachysandra

evergreen perennial procumbent subshrubs or herbs

pachysandra

any plant of the genus Pachysandra; low-growing evergreen herbs or subshrubs having dentate leaves and used as ground cover

Japanese spurge, Pachysandra terminalis

slow-growing Japanese evergreen subshrub having terminal spikes of white flowers; grown as a ground cover

Celastraceae, family Celastraceae, spindle-tree family, staff-tree family

trees and shrubs and woody vines usually having bright-colored fruits

staff tree

any small tree or twining shrub of the genus Celastrus

Celastrus, genus Celastrus

type genus of the Celastraceae: bittersweet and shrubby bittersweet; woody vines and shrubs native chiefly to Asia and Australia

bittersweet, American bittersweet, climbing bittersweet, false bittersweet, staff vine, waxwork, Celastrus scandens

twining shrub of North America having three-valved yellow capsules enclosing scarlet seeds

common spindle tree, Euonymus europaeus

small erect deciduous shrub having tough white wood and cathartic bark and fruit

Japanese bittersweet, Japan bittersweet, oriental bittersweet, Celastrus orbiculatus, Celastric articulatus

ornamental Asiatic vine with showy orange-yellow fruit with a scarlet aril; naturalized in North America

Euonymus, genus Euonymus

widely distributed chiefly evergreen shrubs or small trees or vines

spindle tree, spindleberry, spindleberry tree

any shrubby trees or woody vines of the genus Euonymus having showy usually reddish berries

wahoo, burning bush, Euonymus atropurpureus

deciduous shrub having purple capsules enclosing scarlet seeds

winged spindle tree, Euonymous alatus

bushy deciduous shrub with branches having thin wide corky longitudinal wings; brilliant red in autumn; northeastern Asia to central China

strawberry bush, wahoo, Euonymus americanus

upright deciduous plant with crimson pods and seeds; the eastern United States from New York to Florida and Texas

evergreen bittersweet, Euonymus fortunei radicans, Euonymus radicans vegetus

broad and bushy Asiatic twining shrub with pinkish fruit; many subspecies or varieties

Cyrilliaceae, family Cyrilliaceae, cyrilla family, titi family

shrubs and trees with leathery leaves and small white flowers in racemes: genera Cyrilla and Cliftonia

genus Cyrilla

1 species: trees and shrubs having flowers with acute or twisted petals and wingless fruit

crowberry

a low evergreen shrub with small purple flowers and black berrylike fruit

cyrilla, leatherwood, white titi, Cyrilla racemiflora

shrub or small tree of southeastern United States to West Indies and Brazil; grown for the slender racemes of white flowers and orange-crimson foliage

Cliftonia, genus Cliftonia

1 species: titi

titi, buckwheat tree, Cliftonia monophylla

tree of low-lying coastal areas of southeastern United States having glossy leaves and racemes of fragrant white flowers

Empetraceae, family Empetraceae, crowberry family

heathlike shrubs

Empetrum, genus Empetrum

crowberries

Aceraceae, family Aceraceae, maple family

a family of trees and shrubs of order Sapindales including the maples

Acer, genus Acer

type genus of the Aceraceae; trees or shrubs having winged fruit

maple

any of numerous trees or shrubs of the genus Acer bearing winged seeds in pairs; north temperate zone

silver maple, Acer saccharinum

a common North American maple tree; 5-lobed leaves are light green above and silvery white beneath; source of hard close-grained but brittle light-brown wood

sugar maple, rock maple, Acer saccharum

maple of eastern and central North America having 3- to 5-lobed leaves and hard close-grained wood much used for cabinet work especially the curly-grained form; sap is chief source of maple syrup and maple sugar; many subspecies

red maple, scarlet maple, swamp maple, Acer rubrum

maple of eastern and central America; 5-lobed leaves scarlet and yellow in autumn

moosewood, striped maple, striped dogwood, goosefoot maple, Acer pennsylvanicum

maple of eastern North America with striped bard and large 2-lobed leaves clear yellow in autumn

dwarf maple, Rocky-mountain maple, Acer glabrum

small maple of northwestern North America

Oregon maple, big-leaf maple, Acer macrophyllum

maple of western North America having large 5-lobed leaves orange in autumn

mountain maple, mountain alder, Acer spicatum

small shrubby maple of eastern North America; scarlet in autumn

vine maple, Acer circinatum

small maple of northwestern North America having prostrate stems that root freely and form dense thickets

hedge maple, field maple, Acer campestre

shrubby Eurasian maple often used as a hedge

Norway maple, Acer platanoides

a large Eurasian maple tree naturalized in North America; 5-lobed leaves yellow in autumn; cultivated in many varieties

sycamore, great maple, scottish maple, Acer pseudoplatanus

Eurasian maple tree with pale gray bark that peels in flakes like that of a sycamore tree; leaves with five ovate lobes yellow in autumn

box elder, ash-leaved maple, Acer negundo

common shade tree of eastern and central United States

California box elder, Acer negundo Californicum

maple of the United States Pacific coast; fruits are white when mature

pointed-leaf maple, Acer argutum

small shrubby Japanese plant with leaves having 5 to 7 acuminate lobes; yellow in autumn

Japanese maple, full moon maple, Acer japonicum

leaves deeply incised and bright red in autumn; Japan

Dipteronia, genus Dipteronia

small genus of large deciduous shrubs having large clusters of winged seeds that turn red as they mature; central and southern China

Japanese maple, Acer palmatum

ornamental shrub or small tree of Japan and Korea with deeply incised leaves; cultivated in many varieties

Ilex, genus Ilex

a large genus of dicotyledonous trees and shrubs of the family Aquifoliaceae that have small flowers and berries (including hollies)

Aquifoliaceae, family Aquifoliaceae, holly family

widely distributed shrubs and trees

holly

any tree or shrub of the genus Ilex

Chinese holly, Ilex cornuta

dense rounded evergreen shrub of China having spiny leaves; widely cultivated as an ornamental

bearberry, possum haw, winterberry, Ilex decidua

deciduous shrub of southeastern and central United States

inkberry, gallberry, evergreen winterberry, Ilex glabra

evergreen holly of eastern North America with oblong leathery leaves and small black berries

Anacardium, genus Anacardium

type genus of the Anacardiaceae: cashew

mate, Paraguay tea, Ilex paraguariensis

South American holly; leaves used in making a tealike drink

American holly, Christmas holly

an evergreen tree

low gallberry holly

an evergreen shrub

tall gallberry holly

an evergreen shrub

yaupon holly

an evergreen shrub

deciduous holly

a holly tree

juneberry holly

a holly shrub

largeleaf holly

a holly tree

Geogia holly

a holly shrub

common winterberry holly

a holly shrub

smooth winterberry holly

a holly shrub

Anacardiaceae, family Anacardiaceae, sumac family

the cashew family; trees and shrubs and vines having resinous (sometimes poisonous) juice; includes cashew and mango and pistachio and poison ivy and sumac

cashew, cashew tree, Anacardium occidentale

tropical American evergreen tree bearing kidney-shaped nuts that are edible only when roasted

smoke tree, smoke bush

any of several shrubs or shrubby trees of the genus Cotinus

Astronium, genus Astronium

a genus of dicotyledonous plants of the family Anacardiaceae

goncalo alves, Astronium fraxinifolium

tall tropical American timber tree especially abundant in eastern Brazil; yields hard strong durable zebrawood with straight grain and dark strips on a pinkish to yellowish ground; widely used for veneer and furniture and heavy construction

Cotinus, genus Cotinus

smoke trees

American smokewood, chittamwood, Cotinus americanus, Cotinus obovatus

shrubby tree of southern United States having large plumes of feathery flowers resembling puffs of smoke

Malosma, genus Malosma

one species; often included in the genus Rhus

Venetian sumac, wig tree, Cotinus coggygria

Old World shrub having large plumes of yellowish feathery flowers resembling puffs of smoke

mango, mango tree, Mangifera indica

large evergreen tropical tree cultivated for its large oval smooth-skinned fruit

laurel sumac, Malosma laurina, Rhus laurina

small aromatic evergreen shrub of California having paniculate leaves and whitish berries; in some classifications included in genus Rhus

Mangifera, genus Mangifera

tropical tree native to Asia bearing fleshy fruit

Pistacia, genus Pistacia

a dicotyledonous genus of trees of the family Anacardiaceae having drupaceous fruit

pistachio, Pistacia vera, pistachio tree

small tree of southern Europe and Asia Minor bearing small hard-shelled nuts

Rhodosphaera, genus Rhodosphaera

1 species; an Australian evergreen sumac

terebinth, Pistacia terebinthus

a Mediterranean tree yielding Chian turpentine

Australian sumac, Rhodosphaera rhodanthema, Rhus rhodanthema

evergreen of Australia yielding a dark yellow wood

Rhus, genus Rhus

deciduous or evergreen shrubs and shrubby trees of temperate and subtropical North America, South Africa, eastern Asia and notheastern Australia; usually limited to nonpoisonous sumacs

sumac, sumach, shumac

a shrub or tree of the genus Rhus (usually limited to the non-poisonous members of the genus)

fragrant sumac, lemon sumac, Rhus aromatica

sweet-scented sumac of eastern America having ternate leaves and yellowish-green flowers in spikes resembling catkins followed by red hairy fruits

smooth sumac, scarlet sumac, vinegar tree, Rhus glabra

common nonpoisonous shrub of eastern North America with waxy compound leaves and green paniculate flowers followed by red berries

dwarf sumac, mountain sumac, black sumac, shining sumac, Rhus copallina

common nonpoisonous shrub of eastern North America with compound leaves and green paniculate flowers followed by red berries

sugar-bush, sugar sumac, Rhus ovata

evergreen shrub of southeastern United States with spikes of reddish-yellow flowers and glandular hairy fruits

staghorn sumac, velvet sumac, Virginian sumac, vinegar tree, Rhus typhina

deciduous shrubby tree or eastern North America with compound leaves that turn brilliant red in fall and dense panicles of greenish yellow flowers followed by crimson acidic berries

aroeira blanca, Schinus chichita

small resinous tree or shrub of Brazil

squawbush, skunkbush, Rhus trilobata

deciduous shrub of California with unpleasantly scented usually trivoliate leaves and edible fruit

Schinus, genus Schinus

genus of evergreen shrubs and trees of tropical and subtropical regions of South and Central America and Canary Islands and China

pepper tree, molle, Peruvian mastic tree, Schinus molle

small Peruvian evergreen with broad rounded head and slender pendant branches with attractive clusters of greenish flowers followed by clusters of rose-pink fruits

Brazilian pepper tree, Schinus terebinthifolius

small Brazilian evergreen resinous tree or shrub having dark green leaflets and white flowers followed by bright red fruit; used as a street tree and lawn specimen

Spondias, genus Spondias

tropical trees having one-seeded fruit

mombin, mombin tree, jocote, Spondias purpurea

common tropical American shrub or small tree with purplish fruit

hog plum, yellow mombin, yellow mombin tree, Spondias mombin

tropical American tree having edible yellow fruit

poison ash, poison dogwood, poison sumac, Toxicodendron vernix, Rhus vernix

smooth American swamp shrub with pinnate leaves and greenish flowers followed by greenish white berries; yields an irritating oil

Toxicodendron, genus Toxicodendron

in some classifications: comprising those members of the genus Rhus having foliage that is poisonous to the touch; of North America and northern South America

poison ivy, markweed, poison mercury, poison oak, Toxicodendron radicans, Rhus radicans

climbing plant common in eastern and central United States with ternate leaves and greenish flowers followed by white berries; yields an irritating oil that causes a rash on contact

western poison oak, Toxicodendron diversilobum, Rhus diversiloba

poisonous shrub of the North American Pacific coast causing a rash on contact

eastern poison oak, Toxicodendron quercifolium, Rhus quercifolia, Rhus toxicodenedron

poisonous shrub of southeastern United States causing a rash on contact

varnish tree, lacquer tree, Chinese lacquer tree, Japanese lacquer tree, Japanese varnish tree, Japanese sumac, Toxicodendron vernicifluum, Rhus verniciflua

small Asiatic tree yielding a toxic exudate from which lacquer is obtained

Hippocastanaceae, family Hippocastanaceae, horse-chestnut family

trees having showy flowers and inedible nutlike seeds in a leathery capsule

Aesculus, genus Aesculus

deciduous trees or some shrubs of North America; southeastern Europe; eastern Asia

horse chestnut, buckeye, Aesculus hippocastanum

tree having palmate leaves and large clusters of white to red flowers followed by brown shiny inedible seeds

dwarf buckeye, bottlebrush buckeye

a spreading shrub with pink flowers; found in southeastern United States

sweet buckeye

a tall and often cultivated buckeye of the central United States

Ohio buckeye

a buckeye with scaly gray bark that is found in the central United States

red buckeye

a shrub buckeye of southern United States

Staphylaceae, family Staphylaceae, bladdernut family

a family of dicotyledonous plants of order Sapindales found mostly in the north temperate zone

Ebenales, order Ebenales

trees or shrubs of the families Ebenaceae or Sapotaceae or Styracaceae or Symplocaceae

Staphylea, genus Staphylea

a genus of small trees or shrubs of the family Staphylaceae

Diospyros, genus Diospyros

a genus of trees or shrubs that have beautiful and valuable wood

Ebenaceae, family Ebenaceae, ebony family

fruit and timber trees of tropical and warm regions including ebony and persimmon

ebony, Diospyros ebenum

tropical tree of southern Asia having hard dark-colored heartwood used in cabinetwork

marblewood, Andaman marble, Andaman marble, Diospyros kurzii

large Asiatic tree having hard marbled zebrawood

persimmon, persimmon tree

any of several tropical trees of the genus Diospyros

Japanese persimmon, kaki, Diospyros kaki

small deciduous Asiatic tree bearing large red or orange edible astringent fruit

American persimmon, possumwood, Diospyros virginiana

medium-sized tree of dry woodlands in the southern and eastern United States bearing yellow or orange very astringent fruit that is edible when fully ripe

date plum, Diospyros lotus

an Asiatic persimmon tree cultivated for its small yellow or purplish-black edible fruit much valued by Afghan tribes

Bumelia, genus Bumelia

deciduous or evergreen American shrubs small trees having very hard wood and milky latex

Sapotaceae, family Sapotaceae, sapodilla family

tropical trees or shrubs with milky juice and often edible fleshy fruit

Achras, genus Achras

tropical trees having papery leaves and large fruit

buckthorn

any shrub or small tree of the genus Bumelia

false buckthorn, chittamwood, chittimwood, shittimwood, black haw, Bumelia lanuginosa

deciduous tree of southeastern United States and Mexico

southern buckthorn, shittimwood, shittim, mock orange, Bumelia lycioides

shrubby thorny deciduous tree of southeastern United States with white flowers and small black drupaceous fruit

Calocarpum, genus Calocarpum

a genus of tropical American trees of the family Sapotaceae

Chrysophyllum, genus Chrysophyllum

tropical American evergreen trees or shrubs

star apple, caimito, Chrysophyllum cainito

evergreen tree of West Indies and Central America having edible purple fruit star-shaped in cross section and dark green leaves with golden silky undersides

satinleaf, satin leaf, caimitillo, damson plum, Chrysophyllum oliviforme

tropical American timber tree with dark hard heavy wood and small plumlike purple fruit

Manilkara, genus Manilkara

genus of large evergreen trees with milky latex; pantropical

balata, balata tree, beefwood, bully tree, Manilkara bidentata

a hard-wooded tropical tree yielding balata gum and heavy red timber

sapodilla, sapodilla tree, Manilkara zapota, Achras zapota

large tropical American evergreen yielding chicle gum and edible fruit; sometimes placed in genus Achras

gutta-percha tree, Palaquium gutta

East Indian tree yielding gutta-percha

Palaquium, genus Palaquium

large genus of Malaysian trees with milky juice and leathery leaves

Payena, genus Payena

genus of medium to large Malaysian trees yielding gutta-percha

gutta-percha tree

East Indian tree yielding gutta-percha

Pouteria, genus Pouteria

tropical American timber tree with edible fruit (canistel)

canistel, canistel tree, Pouteria campechiana nervosa

tropical tree of Florida and West Indies yielding edible fruit

marmalade tree, mammee, sapote, Pouteria zapota, Calocarpum zapota

tropical American tree having wood like mahogany and sweet edible egg-shaped fruit; in some classifications placed in the genus Calocarpum

Symplocaceae, family Symplocaceae, sweetleaf family

a dicotyledonous family of order Ebenales

sweetleaf, Symplocus tinctoria

small yellowwood tree of southern United States having small fragrant white flowers; leaves and bark yield a yellow dye

Symplocus, genus Symplocus

type and sole genus of Symplocaceae including sweetleaf

Asiatic sweetleaf, sapphire berry, Symplocus paniculata

deciduous shrub of eastern Asia bearing decorative bright blue fruit

Styracaceae, family Styracaceae, storax family, styrax family

a widely distributed family of shrubs and trees of order Ebenales

genus Styrax

deciduous or evergreen shrubs and small trees

Texas snowbell, Texas snowbells, Styrax texana

styrax of southwestern United States; a threatened species

styrax

any shrub or small tree of the genus Styrax having fragrant bell-shaped flowers that hang below the dark green foliage

snowbell, Styrax obassia

small tree native to Japan

Japanese snowbell, Styrax japonicum

shrubby tree of China and Japan

Halesia, genus Halesia

deciduous small trees or shrubs of China and eastern North America

silver-bell tree, silverbell tree, snowdrop tree, opossum wood, Halesia carolina, Halesia tetraptera

medium-sized tree of West Virginia to Florida and Texas

silver bell

any of various deciduous trees of the genus Halesia having white bell-shaped flowers

carnivorous plant

plants adapted to attract and capture and digest primarily insects but also other small animals

pitcher plant

any of several insectivorous herbs of the order Sarraceniales

Sarraceniales, order Sarraceniales

plants that are variously modified to serve as insect traps: families Sarraceniaceae; Nepenthaceae; Droceraceae

Sarraceniaceae, family Sarraceniaceae, pitcher-plant family

insectivorous plants

Sarracenia, genus Sarracenia

pitcher plants

common pitcher plant, huntsman's cup, huntsman's cups, Sarracenia purpurea

perennial bog herb having dark red flowers and decumbent broadly winged pitchers forming a rosette; of northeastern North America and naturalized in Europe especially Ireland

Darlingtonia, genus Darlingtonia

one species: California pitcher plant

hooded pitcher plant, Sarracenia minor

yellow-flowered pitcher plant of southeastern United States having trumpet-shaped leaves with the orifice covered with an arched hood

huntsman's horn, huntsman's horns, yellow trumpet, yellow pitcher plant, trumpets, Sarracenia flava

pitcher plant of southeastern United States having erect wide-mouth yellow trumpet-shaped pitchers with erect lids

sun pitcher

any of several herbs of Guiana highlands having racemes of nodding white or pink flowers; trap and digest insects in pitcher-shaped leaves with spoon-shaped caps

California pitcher plant, Darlingtonia californica

marsh or bog herb having solitary pendulous yellow-green flowers and somewhat twisted pitchers with broad wings below

Heliamphora, genus Heliamphora

genus of pitcher plants of Guiana Highlands of South America

Nepenthaceae, family Nepenthaceae

coextensive with the genus Nepenthes

Droseraceae, family Droseraceae, sundew family

a family of carnivorous herbs and shrubs

Nepenthes, genus Nepenthes

pitcher plants

tropical pitcher plant

any of several tropical carnivorous shrubs or woody herbs of the genus Nepenthes

Drosera, genus Drosera

the type genus of Droseraceae including many low bog-inhabiting insectivorous plants

sundew, sundew plant, daily dew

any of various bog plants of the genus Drosera having leaves covered with sticky hairs that trap and digest insects; cosmopolitan in distribution

waterwheel plant, Aldrovanda vesiculosa

floating aquatic carnivorous perennial of central and southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia having whorls of 6 to 9 leaves ending in hinged lobes for capturing e.g. water fleas

Dionaea, genus Dionaea

a genus of the family Droseraceae

Venus's flytrap, Venus's flytraps, Dionaea muscipula

carnivorous plant of coastal plains of the Carolinas having sensitive hinged marginally bristled leaf blades that close and entrap insects

Aldrovanda, genus Aldrovanda

one species: waterwheel plant

genus Roridula

insectivorous undershrubs of South Africa; in some classifications placed in the family Droseraceae

Drosophyllum, genus Drosophyllum

1 species

Drosophyllum lusitanicum

perennial of dry habitats whose leaves have glandular hairs that secrete adhesive and digestive fluid for capture and digestion of insects; Portugal, southern Spain and Morocco

Roridulaceae, family Roridulaceae

in some classifications included in the family Droseraceae

roridula

either of 2 species of the genus Roridula; South African viscid perennial low-growing woody shrubs

Cephalotaceae, family Cephalotaceae

a family of plants of order Rosales; coextensive with the genus Cephalotus

Cephalotus, genus Cephalotus

one species: Australian pitcher plant

genus Sedum

large genus of rock plants having thick fleshy leaves

Australian pitcher plant, Cephalotus follicularis

carnivorous perennial herb having a red-brown-marked green pitcher and hinged lid both with red edges; western Australia

Crassulaceae, family Crassulaceae, stonecrop family

succulent shrubs and herbs

Crassula, genus Crassula

type genus of Crassulaceae; herbs and small shrubs having woody stems and succulent aerial parts

sedum

any of various plants of the genus Sedum

wall pepper, Sedum acre

mossy European creeping sedum with yellow flowers; widely introduced as a ground cover

stonecrop

any of various northern temperate plants of the genus Sedum having fleshy leaves and red or yellow or white flowers

orpine, orpin, livelong, live-forever, Sedum telephium

perennial northern temperate plant with toothed leaves and heads of small purplish-white flowers

rose-root, midsummer-men, Sedum rosea

Eurasian mountain plant with fleshy pink-tipped leaves and a cluster of yellow flowers

pinwheel, Aeonium haworthii

perennial subshrub of Tenerife having leaves in pinwheellike rosettes

Aeonium, genus Aeonium

a genus of plants of the family Crassulaceae

Ceratopetalum, genus Ceratopetalum

a dicotyledonous genus of the family Cunoniaceae

Cunoniaceae, family Cunoniaceae, cunonia family

trees or shrubs or climbers; mostly southern hemisphere

Christmas bush, Christmas tree, Ceratopetalum gummiferum

Australian tree or shrub with red flowers; often used in Christmas decoration

genus Hydrangea

type genus of Hydrangeacea; large genus of shrubs and some trees and vines with white or pink or blue flower clusters; sometimes placed in family Saxifragaceae

Hydrangeaceae, family Hydrangeaceae, hydrangea family

sometimes included in the family Saxifragaceae

hydrangea

any of various deciduous or evergreen shrubs of the genus Hydrangea

wild hydrangea, Hydrangea arborescens

deciduous shrub with creamy white flower clusters; eastern United States

climbing hydrangea, Hydrangea anomala

deciduous climber with aerial roots having white to creamy flowers in fairly flat heads

genus Carpenteria

1 species; sometimes placed in family Saxifragaceae

hortensia, Hydrangea macrophylla hortensis

deciduous shrub bearing round-headed flower clusters opening green and aging to pink or blue

fall-blooming hydrangea, Hydrangea paniculata

deciduous shrub or small tree with pyramidal flower clusters

climbing hydrangea, Hydrangea petiolaris

deciduous climber with aerial roots having large flat flower heads

carpenteria, Carpenteria californica

California evergreen shrub having glossy opposite leaves and terminal clusters of a few fragrant white flowers

deutzia

any of various shrubs of the genus Deutzia having usually toothed opposite leaves and shredding bark and white or pink flowers in loose terminal clusters

Decumaria, genus Decumaria

small genus of woody climbers with adhesive aerial roots; sometimes placed in family Saxifragaceae

decumary, Decumaria barbata, Decumaria barbara

woody climber of southeastern United States having white flowers in compound terminal clusters

genus Deutzia

genus of ornamental mostly deciduous shrubs native to Asia and Central America; widespread in cultivation; sometimes placed in family Saxifragaceae

mock orange, syringa, Philadelphus coronarius

large hardy shrub with showy and strongly fragrant creamy-white flowers in short terminal racemes

Philadelphaceae, subfamily Philadelphaceae

1 genus; usually included in family Hydrangeaceae

genus Philadelphus

mock orange: type and sole genus of subPhiladelphaceae; sometimes placed in family Saxifragaceae

philadelphus

any of various chiefly deciduous ornamental shrubs of the genus Philadelphus having white sweet-scented flowers, single or in clusters; widely grown in temperate regions

Schizophragma, genus Schizophragma

small genus of deciduous climbing and creeping shrubs with white flowers in flat clusters; sometimes placed in family Saxifragaceae

Saxifragaceae, family Saxifragaceae, saxifrage family

a large and diverse family of evergreen or deciduous herbs; widely distributed in northern temperate and cold regions; sometimes includes genera of the family Hydrangeaceae

climbing hydrangea, Schizophragma hydrangeoides

climbing shrub with adhesive aerial roots having opposite leaves and small white flowers in terminal cymes; Himalaya to Taiwan and Japan

Saxifraga, genus Saxifraga

type genus of the Saxifragaceae; large genus of usually perennial herbs of arctic and cool regions of northern hemisphere: saxifrage

yellow mountain saxifrage, Saxifraga aizoides

tufted evergreen perennial having ciliate leaves and yellow corymbose flowers often spotted orange

saxifrage, breakstone, rockfoil

any of various plants of the genus Saxifraga

meadow saxifrage, fair-maids-of-France, Saxifraga granulata

rosette-forming perennial having compact panicles of white flowers; Europe

western saxifrage, Saxifraga occidentalis

saxifrage having loose clusters of white flowers on hairy stems growing from a cluster of basal leaves; moist slopes of western North America

mossy saxifrage, Saxifraga hypnoides

tufted or mat-forming perennial of mountains of Europe; cultivated for its white flowers

purple saxifrage, Saxifraga oppositifolia

plants forming dense cushions with bright reddish-lavender flowers; rocky areas of Europe and Asia and western North America

strawberry geranium, strawberry saxifrage, mother-of-thousands, Saxifraga stolonifera, Saxifraga sarmentosam

eastern Asiatic saxifrage with racemes of small red-and-white flowers; spreads by numerous creeping stolons

star saxifrage, starry saxifrage, Saxifraga stellaris

small often mat-forming alpine plant having small starlike white flowers; Europe

astilbe

any plant of the genus Astilbe having compound leaves and showy panicles of tiny colorful flowers

genus Astilbe

chiefly Asiatic perennials: spirea

false goatsbeard, Astilbe biternata

North American astilbe with panicles of creamy white flowers

spirea, spiraea, Astilbe japonica

a Japanese shrub that resembles members of the genus Spiraea; widely cultivated in many varieties for its dense panicles of flowers in many colors; often forced by florists for Easter blooming

dwarf astilbe, Astilbe chinensis pumila

mat-forming evergreen Asiatic plant with finely cut leaves and small pink to burgundy flowers; grown as ground cover

bergenia

any plant of the genus Bergenia; valued as an evergreen ground cover and for the spring blossoms

genus Bergenia

genus of perennial spring-blooming rhizomatous herbs with thick evergreen leaves; eastern Asia

Boykinia, genus Boykinia

genus of perennial rhizomatous herbs with flowers in panicles; North America; Japan

coast boykinia, Boykinia elata, Boykinia occidentalis

plant with leaves mostly at the base and openly branched clusters of small white flowers; western North America

Chrysosplenium, genus Chrysosplenium

genus of widely distributed semiaquatic herbs with minute greenish-yellow apetalous flowers

water carpet, water mat, Chrysosplenium americanum

aquatic herb with yellowish flowers; central and western United States

golden saxifrage, golden spleen

any of various low aquatic herbs of the genus Chrysosplenium

umbrella plant, Indian rhubarb, Darmera peltata, Peltiphyllum peltatum

rhizomatous perennial herb with large dramatic peltate leaves and white to bright pink flowers in round heads on leafless stems; colonizes stream banks in the California Sierra Nevada

Darmera, genus Darmera, Peltiphyllum, genus Peltiphyllum

1 species

Francoa, genus Francoa

perennial evergreen herbs with white or pink flowers; Chile

bridal wreath, Francoa ramosa

Chilean evergreen shrub having delicate spikes of small white flowers

Heuchera, genus Heuchera

genus of North American herbs with basal cordate or orbicular leaves and small panicled flowers

alumroot, alumbloom

any of several herbs of the genus Heuchera

rock geranium, Heuchera americana

plant with basal geranium-like leaves mottled with white and flowers in lax panicles on erect stems

poker alumroot, poker heuchera, Heuchera cylindrica

plant with leathery heart-shaped leaf blades clustered at base of long stalks with greenish-white flowers clustered along the upper part; western North America

coralbells, Heuchera sanguinea

perennial plant of the western United States having bright red flowers in feathery spikes; used as an ornamental

leatherleaf saxifrage, Leptarrhena pyrolifolia

plant with basal leathery elliptic leaves and erect leafless flower stalks each bearing a dense roundish cluster of tiny white flowers; moist places of northwestern North America to Oregon and Idaho

Leptarrhena, genus Leptarrhena

1 species: leatherleaf saxifrage

Lithophragma, genus Lithophragma

small genus of perennial herbs of the western North America

woodland star, Lithophragma affine, Lithophragma affinis, Tellima affinis

California perennial herb cultivated for its racemose white flowers with widely spreading petals; sometimes placed in genus Tellima

prairie star, Lithophragma parviflorum

plant with mostly basal leaves and slender open racemes of white or pale pink flowers; prairies and open forest of northwestern United States to British Columbia and Alberta

Mitella, genus Mitella

genus of low slender herbs of North America and northeastern Asia having flowers with trifid or pinnatifid petals

miterwort, mitrewort, bishop's cap

any of various rhizomatous perennial herbs of the genus Mitella having a capsule resembling a bishop's miter

fairy cup, Mitella diphylla

miterwort of northeastern North America usually with two opposite leaves on erect flowering stems that terminate in erect racemes of white flowers

five-point bishop's cap, Mitella pentandra

small plant with leaves in a basal cluster and tiny greenish flowers in slender racemes; northwestern North America to California and Colorado

genus Parnassia

genus of bog herbs of arctic and northern temperate regions

bog star, Parnassia palustris

plant having ovate leaves in a basal rosette and white starlike flowers netted with green

parnassia, grass-of-Parnassus

any of various usually evergreen bog plants of the genus Parnassia having broad smooth basal leaves and a single pale flower resembling a buttercup

violet suksdorfia, Suksdorfia violaceae

slender delicate plant with wide roundish deeply lobed leaves and deep pink to violet funnel-shaped flowers; British Columbia to northern Oregon and west to Idaho and Montana

fringed grass of Parnassus, Parnassia fimbriata

bog plant with broadly heart-shaped basal leaves and cream or white saucer-shaped flowers with fringed petals; west of Rocky Mountains from Alaska to New Mexico

genus Suksdorfia

small genus of rhizomatous herbs of northwestern America and South America

suksdorfia

any of several American plants of the genus Suksdorfia having orbicular to kidney-shaped somewhat succulent leaves and white or rose or violet flowers in terminal panicles

Tellima, genus Tellima

genus of hardy perennials with palmately lobed leaves and long racemes of small nodding five-petaled flowers; western North America

false miterwort, false mitrewort, Tiarella unifoliata

plant with tiny white flowers hanging in loose clusters on leafy stems; moist woods from Alaska to central California and east to Montana

false alumroot, fringe cups, Tellima grandiflora

plant growing in clumps with mostly basal leaves and cream or pale pink fringed flowers in several long racemes; Alaska to coastal central California and east to Idaho

Tiarella, genus Tiarella

small genus of North American herbs having mostly basal leaves and slender racemes of delicate white flowers

foamflower, coolwart, false miterwort, false mitrewort, Tiarella cordifolia

stoloniferous white-flowered spring-blooming woodland plant

pickaback plant, piggyback plant, youth-on-age, Tolmiea menziesii

vigorous perennial herb with flowers in erect racemes and having young plants develop at the junction of a leaf blade and the leafstalk

Tolmiea, genus Tolmiea

1 species: pickaback plant

Grossulariaceae, family Grossulariaceae, gooseberry family

in some classifications considered a part of the family Saxifragaceae: plants whose fruit is a berry

Ribes, genus Ribes

a flowering shrub bearing currants or gooseberries; native to northern hemisphere

currant, currant bush

any of various deciduous shrubs of the genus Ribes bearing currants

black currant, European black currant, Ribes nigrum

widely cultivated current bearing edible black aromatic berries

red currant, garden current, Ribes rubrum

cultivated European current bearing small edible red berries

white currant, Ribes sativum

garden currant bearing small white berries

gooseberry, gooseberry bush, Ribes uva-crispa, Ribes grossularia

spiny Eurasian shrub having greenish purple-tinged flowers and ovoid yellow-green or red-purple berries

winter currant, Ribes sanguineum

a flowering shrub

Platanaceae, family Platanaceae, plane-tree family

coextensive with the genus Platanus: plane trees

Platanus, genus Platanus

genus of large monoecious mostly deciduous trees: London plane; sycamore

plane tree, sycamore, platan

any of several trees of the genus Platanus having thin pale bark that scales off in small plates and lobed leaves and ball-shaped heads of fruits

London plane, Platanus acerifolia

very large fast-growing tree much planted as a street tree

American sycamore, American plane, buttonwood, Platanus occidentalis

very large spreading plane tree of eastern and central North America to Mexico

oriental plane, Platanus orientalis

large tree of southeastern Europe to Asia Minor

Arizona sycamore, Platanus wrightii

medium-sized tree of Arizona and adjacent regions having deeply lobed leaves and collective fruits in groups of 3 to 5

California sycamore, Platanus racemosa

tall tree of Baja California having deciduous bark and large alternate palmately lobed leaves and ball-like clusters of flowers

Polemoniales, order Polemoniales

Polemoniaceae; Solanaceae; Boraginaceae; Labiatae; Lentibulariaceae; Pedaliaceae; in some classifications includes the order Scrophulariales

Scrophulariales, order Scrophulariales

used in some classification systems; often included in the order Polemoniales

Polemoniaceae, family Polemoniaceae, phlox family

a widely distributed family of chiefly herbaceous plants of the order Polemoniales; often have showy flowers

Jacob's ladder, Greek valerian, charity, Polemonium caeruleum, Polemonium van-bruntiae, Polymonium caeruleum van-bruntiae

pinnate-leaved European perennial having bright blue or white flowers

genus Polemonium

type genus of the Polemoniaceae

polemonium

any plant of the genus Polemonium; most are low-growing often foul-smelling plants of temperate to arctic regions

Greek valerian, Polemonium reptans

erect or spreading perennial of the eastern United States

northern Jacob's ladder, Polemonium boreale

perennial erect herb with white flowers; circumboreal

skunkweed, Polemonium viscosum

tall sticky-leaved herb of the Rocky Mountains having an offensive smell

phlox

any polemoniaceous plant of the genus Phlox; chiefly North American; cultivated for their clusters of flowers

genus Phlox

herbaceous to shrubby evergreen or deciduous annuals or perennials, diffuse (spreading) or caespitose (tufted or matted); from Alaska and western Canada to Mexico

chickweed phlox, sand phlox, Phlox bifida, Phlox stellaria

low mat-forming herb of rocky places in United States

moss pink, mountain phlox, moss phlox, dwarf phlox, Phlox subulata

low tufted perennial phlox with needlelike evergreen leaves and pink or white flowers; native to United States and widely cultivated as a ground cover

evening-snow, Linanthus dichotomus

small California annual with white flowers

Linanthus, genus Linanthus

a genus of herbs of the family Polemoniaceae; found in western United States

ground pink, fringed pink, moss pink, Linanthus dianthiflorus

low wiry-stemmed branching herb or southern California having fringed pink flowers

acanthus

any plant of the genus Acanthus having large spiny leaves and spikes or white or purplish flowers; native to Mediterranean region but widely cultivated

Acanthaceae, family Acanthaceae, acanthus family

widely distributed herbs and shrubs and trees; sometimes placed in the order Scrophulariales

genus Acanthus

bear's breeches

caricature plant, Graptophyllum pictum

tropical Old World shrub having purple or red tubular flowers and leaf markings resembling the profile of a human face

bear's breech, bear's breeches, sea holly, Acanthus mollis

widely cultivated southern European acanthus with whitish purple-veined flowers

Graptophyllum, genus Graptophyllum

caricature plant

Thunbergia, genus Thunbergia

a genus of herbs or vines of the family Acanthaceae

black-eyed Susan, black-eyed Susan vine, Thunbergia alata

tropical African climbing plant having yellow flowers with a dark purple center

Bignoniaceae, family Bignoniaceae

trees or shrubs or woody vines or herbs having gourd-like or capsular fruit; sometimes placed in the order Scrophulariales

bignoniad

any woody plant of the family Bignoniaceae

cross vine, trumpet flower, quartervine, Bignonia capreolata

woody flowering vine of southern United States; stems show a cross in transverse section

Bignonia, genus Bignonia

1 species: cross vine

trumpet creeper, trumpet vine, Campsis radicans

a North American woody vine having pinnate leaves and large red trumpet-shaped flowers

genus Catalpa

a dicotyledonous genus of plants belonging to the family Bignoniaceae; has large flowers (white or mottled) and long terete pods

Catalpa bignioides

catalpa tree of southern United States

catalpa, Indian bean

tree of the genus Catalpa with large leaves and white flowers followed by long slender pods

Catalpa speciosa

catalpa tree of central United States

Crescentia, genus Crescentia

a genus of tropical American trees of the family Bignoniaceae; has a short trunk and crooked limbs and drooping branches

Chilopsis, genus Chilopsis

one species: desert willow

desert willow, Chilopsis linearis

evergreen shrubby tree resembling a willow of dry regions of southwestern North America having showy purplish flowers and long seed pods

calabash, calabash tree, Crescentia cujete

tropical American evergreen that produces large round gourds

Boraginaceae, family Boraginaceae, borage family

a widely distributed family of plants distinguished by circinate flowers and nutlike fruit

Borago, genus Borago

perennial herbs of the Mediterranean region

Amsinckia, genus Amsinckia

rough annual herbs of Europe and the Americas: fiddlenecks

borage, tailwort, Borago officinalis

hairy blue-flowered European annual herb long used in herbal medicine and eaten raw as salad greens or cooked like spinach

bugloss, alkanet, Anchusa officinalis

perennial or biennial herb cultivated for its delicate usually blue flowers

common amsinckia, Amsinckia intermedia

annual of western United States with coiled spikes of yellow-orange coiled flowers

large-flowered fiddleneck, Amsinckia grandiflora

annual of the western United States having large coiled flower spikes; a threatened species

genus Anchusa

rough-hairy Old World herbs

anchusa

any of various Old World herbs of the genus Anchusa having one-sided clusters of trumpet-shaped flowers

cape forget-me-not, Anchusa capensis

anchusa of southern Africa having blue flowers with white throats

cape forget-me-not, Anchusa riparia

anchusa of southern Africa having blue to red-purple flowers

Cordia, genus Cordia

tropical deciduous or evergreen trees or shrubs of the family Boraginaceae

Spanish elm, Equador laurel, salmwood, cypre, princewood, Cordia alliodora

large tropical American tree of the genus Cordia grown for its abundant creamy white flowers and valuable wood

Chinese forget-me-not, Cynoglossum amabile

biennial east Asian herb grown for its usually bright blue flowers

princewood, Spanish elm, Cordia gerascanthus

tropical American timber tree

Cynoglossum, genus Cynoglossum

a large genus of tall rough herbs belonging to the family Boraginaceae

hound's-tongue, Cynoglossum officinale

biennial shrub of Europe and western Asia having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and dark reddish-purple flowers

hound's-tongue, Cynoglossum virginaticum

perennial shrub of North America having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and pale-blue to purple flowers

beggar's lice, beggar lice

any of various Eurasian and North American plants having small prickly nutlets that stick to clothing

Echium, genus Echium

a genus of bristly herbs and shrubs of the family Boraginaceae

blueweed, blue devil, blue thistle, viper's bugloss, Echium vulgare

a coarse prickly European weed with spikes of blue flowers; naturalized in United States

Hackelia, genus Hackelia, Lappula, genus Lappula

stickseed; beggar's lice

Lithospermum, genus Lithospermum

annual or perennial herbaceous or shrubby plants; cosmopolitan except Australia

puccoon, Lithospermum caroliniense

perennial plant of eastern North America having hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment

gromwell, Lithospermum officinale

European perennial branching plant; occurs in hedgerows and at the edge of woodlands

hoary puccoon, paint Indian, Lithospermum canescens

perennial North American plant with grayish hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment

Mertensia, genus Mertensia

a genus of herbs belonging to the family Boraginaceae that grow in temperate regions and have blue or purple flowers shaped like funnels

Virginia bluebell, Virginia cowslip, Mertensia virginica

smooth erect herb of eastern North America having entire leaves and showy blue flowers that are pink in bud

garden forget-me-not, Myosotis sylvatica

small biennial to perennial herb of Europe, northern Africa and western Asia having blue, purple or white flowers

Myosotis, genus Myosotis

forget-me-nots; scorpion grass

forget-me-not, mouse ear, Myosotis scorpiodes

small perennial herb having bright blue or white flowers

false gromwell

any of several North American perennial herbs with hairy foliage and small yellowish or greenish flowers

Onosmodium, genus Onosmodium

a genus of North American perennial herbs of the family Boraginaceae

common comfrey, boneset, Symphytum officinale

European herb having small white, pink or purple flowers; naturalized as a weed in North America

Symphytum, genus Symphytum

comfrey

comfrey, cumfrey

perennial herbs of Europe and Iran; make rapidly growing groundcover for shaded areas

Convolvulaceae, family Convolvulaceae, morning-glory family

morning_glory; bindweed; sweet potato; plants having trumpet-shaped flowers and a climbing or twining habit

genus Convolvulus

genus of mostly climbing or scrambling herbs and shrubs: bindweed

field bindweed, wild morning-glory, Convolvulus arvensis

weakly climbing European perennial with white or pink flowers; naturalized in North America and an invasive weed

convolvulus

any of numerous plants of the genus Convolvulus

bindweed

any of several vines of the genera Convolvulus and Calystegia having a twining habit

silverweed

any of various twining shrubs of the genus Argyreia having silvery leaves and showy purple flowers

scammony, Convolvulus scammonia

twining plant of Asia Minor having cream to purple flowers and long thick roots yielding a cathartic resin

Argyreia, genus Argyreia

woody climbers of tropical Asia to Australia

Calystegia, genus Calystegia

climbing or scrambling herbs: bindweed

hedge bindweed, wild morning-glory, Calystegia sepium, Convolvulus sepium

common Eurasian and American wild climber with pink flowers; sometimes placed in genus Convolvulus

dichondra, Dichondra micrantha

a creeping perennial herb with hairy stems and orbicular to reniform leaves and small white to greenish flowers; used as a grass substitute in warm regions

Cuscuta, genus Cuscuta

genus of twining leafless parasitic herbs lacking chlorophyll: dodder

dodder

a leafless annual parasitic vine of the genus Cuscuta having whitish or yellow filamentous stems; obtain nourishment through haustoria

love vine, Cuscuta gronovii

leafless parasitic vine with dense clusters of small white bell-shaped flowers on orange-yellow stems that twine around clover or flax

genus Dichondra

genus of chiefly tropical prostrate perennial herbs with creeping stems that root at the nodes

common morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea

pantropical annual climbing herb with funnel-shaped blue, purple, pink or white flowers

Ipomoea, genus Ipomoea

morning glory

morning glory

any of various twining vines having funnel-shaped flowers that close late in the day

common morning glory, Ipomoea tricolor

annual or perennial climbing herb of Central America having sky-blue flowers; most commonly cultivated morning glory

moonflower, belle de nuit, Ipomoea alba

pantropical climber having white fragrant nocturnal flowers

cypress vine, star-glory, Indian pink, Ipomoea quamoclit, Quamoclit pennata

tropical American annual climber having red (sometimes white) flowers and finely dissected leaves; naturalized in United States and elsewhere

sweet potato, sweet potato vine, Ipomoea batatas

pantropical vine widely cultivated in several varieties for its large sweet orange-fleshed tuberous root

wild potato vine, wild sweet potato vine, man-of-the-earth, manroot, scammonyroot, Ipomoea panurata, Ipomoea fastigiata

tropical American prostrate or climbing herbaceous perennial having an enormous starchy root; sometimes held to be source of the sweet potato

Japanese morning glory, Ipomoea nil

annual Old World tropical climbing herb distinguished by wide color range and frilled or double flowers

red morning-glory, star ipomoea, Ipomoea coccinea

annual herb having scarlet flowers; the eastern United States

man-of-the-earth, Ipomoea leptophylla

long-rooted morning glory of western United States

scammony, Ipomoea orizabensis

tropical American morning glory

railroad vine, beach morning glory, Ipomoea pes-caprae

Prostrate perennial of coastal sand dunes Florida to Texas

gesneriad

any of numerous tropical or subtropical small shrubs or treelets or epiphytic vines of the family Gesneriaceae: African violet; Cape primroses; gloxinia

imperial Japanese morning glory, Ipomoea imperialis

hybrid from Ipomoea nil

Gesneriaceae, family Gesneriaceae, gesneria family

large family of tropical herbs or shrubs or lianas; in some classification systems placed in the order Scrophulariales

genus Gesneria

large genus of tropical American herbs having showy tubular flowers

genus Achimenes

genus of tropical perennial American herbs

gesneria

any plant of the genus Gesneria

achimenes, hot water plant

any plant of the genus Achimenes having showy bell-shaped flowers that resemble gloxinias

aeschynanthus

a plant of the genus Aeschynanthus having somewhat red or orange flowers and seeds having distinctive hairs at base and apex

genus Aeschynanthus

large genus of East Indian ornamental woody epiphytic plants

lipstick plant, Aeschynanthus radicans

epiphyte or creeping on rocks; Malaysian plant having somewhat fleshy leaves and bright red flowers

Alsobia, genus Alsobia

tropical American herbs sometimes included in genus Episcia

lace-flower vine, Alsobia dianthiflora, Episcia dianthiflora

low-growing creeping perennial of Central America having deeply fringed white flowers; sometimes placed in genus Episcia

genus Columnea

genus of tropical American subshrubs and lianas

columnea

tropical plant having thick hairy somewhat toothed leaves and solitary or clustered yellow to scarlet flowers; many cultivated for their flowers and ornamental foliage

genus Episcia

genus of tropical American herbs having soft hairy foliage

episcia

any plant of the genus Episcia; usually creeping and stoloniferous and of cascading habit; grown for their colorful foliage and flowers

kohleria

shrubby herb cultivated for their soft velvety foliage and showy scarlet flowers

genus Gloxinia

small genus of tropical American herbs with leafy stems and axillary flowers

gloxinia

any of several plants of the genera Gloxinia or Sinningia (greenhouse gloxinias) having showy bell-shaped flowers

Canterbury bell, Gloxinia perennis

herb of Colombia to Peru having pale purple flowers

genus Kohleria

genus of tropical American shrubs

Saintpaulia, genus Saintpaulia

east African herb with nodding flowers; widely cultivated

African violet, Saintpaulia ionantha

tropical African plant cultivated as a houseplant for its violet or white or pink flowers

Sinningia, genus Sinningia

genus of perennial tuberous herbs and shrubs of Central and South America

florist's gloxinia, Sinningia speciosa, Gloxinia spesiosa

South American herb cultivated in many varieties as a houseplant for its large handsome leaves and large variously colored bell-shaped flowers

genus Streptocarpus

large genus of usually stemless African or Asian herbs: Cape primrose

Cape primrose

any of various African plants of the genus Streptocarpus widely cultivated especially as houseplants for their showy blue or purple primroselike flowers

streptocarpus

any of various plants of the genus Streptocarpus having leaves in a basal rosette and primroselike flowers

Virginia waterleaf, Shawnee salad, shawny, Indian salad, John's cabbage, Hydrophyllum virginianum

showy perennial herb with white flowers; leaves sometimes used as edible greens in southeastern United States

Hydrophyllaceae, family Hydrophyllaceae, waterleaf family

perennial woodland herbs

Hydrophyllum, genus Hydrophyllum

waterleaf

waterleaf

any of several plants of the genus Hydrophyllum

yellow bells, California yellow bells, whispering bells, Emmanthe penduliflora

viscid herb of arid or desert habitats of southwestern United States having pendulous yellow flowers

Emmanthe, genus Emmanthe

1 species: yellow bells

yerba santa, Eriodictyon californicum

viscid evergreen shrub of western United States with white to Deep lilac flowers; the sticky aromatic leaves are used in treating bronchial and pulmonary illnesses

Eriodictyon, genus Eriodictyon

small genus of evergreen shrubs of southwestern United States and Mexico

genus Nemophila

genus of ornamental chiefly California herbs: baby blue-eyes

baby blue-eyes, Nemophila menziesii

delicate California annual having blue flowers marked with dark spots

nemophila

any plant of the genus Nemophila

genus Phacelia

American herbs with usually pinatifid leaves and blue or purple or white flowers in scorpioid cymes

five-spot, Nemophila maculata

California annual having white flowers with a deep purple blotch on each petal

fiddleneck, Phacelia tanacetifolia

hairy annual of California to Mexico with crowded cymes of small blue to lilac or mauve flowers

scorpionweed, scorpion weed, phacelia

any plant of the genus Phacelia

California bluebell, Phacelia campanularia

annual of southern California with intricately branched stems and lax cymes of aromatic deep blue bell-shaped flowers

California bluebell, whitlavia, Phacelia minor, Phacelia whitlavia

desert plant of southern California with blue or violet tubular flowers in terminal racemes

Pholistoma, genus Pholistoma

straggling herbs of southwestern United States

basil thyme, basil balm, mother of thyme, Acinos arvensis, Satureja acinos

fragrant European mint having clusters of small violet-and-white flowers; naturalized especially in eastern North America

fiesta flower, Pholistoma auritum, Nemophila aurita

straggling California annual herb with deep purple or violet flowers; sometimes placed in genus Nemophila

Labiatae, family Labiatae, Lamiaceae, family Lamiaceae, mint family

the mints: aromatic herbs and shrubs having flowers resembling the lips of a mouth and four-lobed ovaries yielding four one-seeded nutlets and including thyme; sage; rosemary

Acinos, genus Acinos

plants closely allied to the genera Satureja and Calamintha

giant hyssop

any of a number of aromatic plants of the genus Agastache

Agastache, genus Agastache

giant hyssop; Mexican hyssop

yellow giant hyssop, Agastache nepetoides

erect perennial with stout stems and yellow-green flowers; southern Canada and southeastern United States

anise hyssop, Agastache foeniculum

much-branched North American herb with an odor like fennel

Mexican hyssop, Agastache mexicana

erect perennial of Mexico having rose to crimson flowers

bugle, bugleweed

any of various low-growing annual or perennial evergreen herbs native to Eurasia; used for ground cover

Ajuga, genus Ajuga

bugle

creeping bugle, Ajuga reptans

low rhizomatous European carpeting plant having spikes of blue flowers; naturalized in parts of United States

erect bugle, blue bugle, Ajuga genevensis

upright rhizomatous perennial with bright blue flowers; southern Europe

pyramid bugle, Ajuga pyramidalis

European evergreen carpeting perennial

ground pine, yellow bugle, Ajuga chamaepitys

low-growing annual with yellow flowers dotted red; faintly aromatic of pine resin; Europe, British Isles and North Africa

Ballota, genus Ballota

perennial herbs or subshrubs of especially Mediterranean area: black horehound

black horehound, black archangel, fetid horehound, stinking horehound, Ballota nigra

ill-smelling European herb with rugose leaves and whorls of dark purple flowers

Blephilia, genus Blephilia

small genus of North American herbs: wood mints

wood mint

American herb of genus Blephilia with more or less hairy leaves and clusters of purplish or bluish flowers

common calamint, Calamintha sylvatica, Satureja calamintha officinalis

mint-scented perennial of central and southern Europe

hairy wood mint, Blephilia hirsuta

a variety of wood mint

downy wood mint, Blephilia celiata

a variety of wood mint

Calamintha, genus Calamintha

calamint

calamint

perennial aromatic herbs growing in hedgerows or scrub or open woodlands from western Europe to central Asia and in North America

large-flowered calamint, Calamintha grandiflora, Clinopodium grandiflorum, Satureja grandiflora

aromatic herb with large pink flowers; southern and southeastern Europe; Anatolia; northern Iran

lesser calamint, field balm, Calamintha nepeta, Calamintha nepeta glantulosa, Satureja nepeta, Satureja calamintha glandulosa

low-growing strongly aromatic perennial herb of southern Europe to GB naturalized in United States

wild basil, cushion calamint, Clinopodium vulgare, Satureja vulgaris

aromatic herb having heads of small pink or whitish flowers; widely distributed in United States, Europe and Asia

Clinopodium, genus Clinopodium

wild basil

horse balm, horseweed, stoneroot, richweed, stone root, Collinsonia canadensis

erect perennial strong-scented with serrate pointed leaves and a loose panicle of yellowish flowers; the eastern United States

Collinsonia, genus Collinsonia

small genus of perennial erect or spreading aromatic herbs; United States

painted nettle, Joseph's coat, Coleus blumei, Solenostemon blumei, Solenostemon scutellarioides

perennial aromatic herb of southeastern Asia having large usually bright-colored or blotched leaves and spikes of blue-violet flowers; sometimes placed in genus Solenostemon

genus Coleus

genus of Old World tropical plants cultivated for their variegated leaves; various plants sometimes placed in genera Plectranthus or Solenostemon

coleus, flame nettle

any of various Old World tropical plants of the genus Coleus having multicolored decorative leaves and spikes of blue flowers

country borage, Coleus aromaticus, Coleus amboinicus, Plectranthus amboinicus

an aromatic fleshy herb of India and Ceylon to South Africa; sometimes placed in genus Plectranthus

Conradina, genus Conradina

small genus of low aromatic shrubs of southeastern United States

Apalachicola rosemary, Conradina glabra

small shrub of Apalachicola River area in southeastern United States having highly aromatic pinkish flowers; a threatened species

dragonhead, dragon's head, Dracocephalum parviflorum

American herb having sharply serrate lanceolate leaves and spikes of double-lipped blue to violet flowers

Dracocephalum, genus Dracocephalum

genus of American herbs and dwarf shrubs of the mind family: dragonheads

genus Elsholtzia

genus of Asiatic and African aromatic herbs

elsholtzia

any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Elsholtzia having blue or purple flowers in one-sided spikes

Hedeoma, genus Hedeoma

small genus of American herbs (American pennyroyal)

Galeopsis, genus Galeopsis

erect annual European herbs

hemp nettle, dead nettle, Galeopsis tetrahit

coarse bristly Eurasian plant with white or reddish flowers and foliage resembling that of a nettle; common as a weed in United States

Glechoma, genus Glechoma

ground ivy

ground ivy, alehoof, field balm, gill-over-the-ground, runaway robin, Glechoma hederaceae, Nepeta hederaceae

trailing European aromatic plant of the mint family having rounded leaves and small purplish flowers often grown in hanging baskets; naturalized in North America; sometimes placed in genus Nepeta

pennyroyal, American pennyroyal, Hedeoma pulegioides

erect hairy branching American herb having purple-blue flowers; yields an essential oil used as an insect repellent and sometimes in folk medicine

Hyssopus, genus Hyssopus

Eurasian genus of perennial herbs or subshrubs

hyssop, Hyssopus officinalis

a European mint with aromatic and pungent leaves used in perfumery and as a seasoning in cookery; often cultivated as a remedy for bruises; yields hyssop oil

Lamium, genus Lamium

genus of Old World herbs: dead nettles; henbits

dead nettle

any of various plants of the genus Lamium having clusters of small usually purplish flowers with two lips

white dead nettle, Lamium album

European dead nettle with white flowers

henbit, Lamium amplexicaule

Eurasian plant having toothed leaves and small two-lipped white or purplish-red flowers

French lavender, Lavandula stoechas

shrubby grayish lavender of southwestern Europe having usually reddish-purple flowers

Lavandula, genus Lavandula

lavender

lavender

any of various Old World aromatic shrubs or subshrubs with usually mauve or blue flowers; widely cultivated

English lavender, Lavandula angustifolia, Lavandula officinalis

aromatic Mediterranean shrub widely cultivated for its lilac flowers which are dried and used in sachets

spike lavender, French lavender, Lavandula latifolia

Mediterranean plant with pale purple flowers that yields spike lavender oil

dagga, Cape dagga, red dagga, wilde dagga, Leonotis leonurus

relatively nontoxic South African herb smoked like tobacco

Leonotis, genus Leonotis

small genus of tropical herbs and subshrubs of South Africa

lion's-ear, Leonotis nepetaefolia, Leonotis nepetifolia

pantropical herb having whorls of striking lipped flowers; naturalized in United States

Leonurus, genus Leonurus

genus of stout Old World herbs having cut-lobed leaves and flowers in whorls

motherwort, Leonurus cardiaca

bitter Old World herb of hedgerows and woodland margins having toothed leaves and white or pale pink flowers

Lepechinia, genus Lepechinia, Sphacele, genus Sphacele

a dicotyledonous genus of the family Labiatae

pitcher sage, Lepechinia calycina, Sphacele calycina

California plant with woolly stems and leaves and large white flowers

bugleweed, Lycopus virginicus

a mildly narcotic and astringent aromatic herb having small whitish flowers; eastern United States

Lycopus, genus Lycopus

small genus of nonaromatic herbs of the mind family

water horehound, Lycopus americanus

aromatic perennial herb of United States

genus Origanum

a genus of aromatic mints of the family Labiatae

gipsywort, gypsywort, Lycopus europaeus

hairy Eurasian herb with two-lipped white flowers

Majorana, genus Majorana

small genus of herbs usually included in the genus Origanum

origanum

any of various fragrant aromatic herbs of the genus Origanum used as seasonings

horehound

any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Marrubium

oregano, marjoram, pot marjoram, wild marjoram, winter sweet, Origanum vulgare

aromatic Eurasian perennial

sweet marjoram, knotted marjoram, Origanum majorana, Majorana hortensis

aromatic European plant native to Mediterranean and Turkey; not widespread in Europe

dittany of crete, cretan dittany, crete dittany, hop marjoram, winter sweet, Origanum dictamnus

dwarf aromatic shrub of Crete

Marrubium, genus Marrubium

Old World aromatic herbs: horehound

common horehound, white horehound, Marrubium vulgare

European aromatic herb with hairy leaves and numerous white flowers in axillary cymes; leaves yield a bitter extract use medicinally and as flavoring

Melissa, genus Melissa

a genus of Old World mints of the family Labiatae

mint

any north temperate plant of the genus Mentha with aromatic leaves and small mauve flowers

lemon balm, garden balm, sweet balm, bee balm, beebalm, Melissa officinalis

bushy perennial Old World mint having small white or yellowish flowers and fragrant lemon-flavored leaves; a garden escapee in northern Europe and North America

Mentha, genus Mentha

mint plants

corn mint, field mind, Mentha arvensis

European mint naturalized in United States

watermint, water mint, Mentha aquatica

a European mint that thrives in wet places; has a perfume like that of the bergamot orange; naturalized in eastern North America

bergamot mint, lemon mint, eau de cologne mint, Mentha citrata

mint with leaves having perfume like that of the bergamot orange

horsemint, Mentha longifolia

a coarse Old World wild water mint having long leaves and spikelike clusters of flowers; naturalized in the eastern United States

peppermint, Mentha piperita

herb with downy leaves and small purple or white flowers that yields a pungent oil used as a flavoring

apple mint, applemint, Mentha rotundifolia, Mentha suaveolens

mint with apple-scented stems of southern and western Europe; naturalized in United States

spearmint, Mentha spicata

common garden herb having clusters of small purplish flowers and yielding an oil used as a flavoring

yerba buena, Micromeria chamissonis, Micromeria douglasii, Satureja douglasii

trailing perennial evergreen herb of northwestern United States with small white flowers; used medicinally

pennyroyal, Mentha pulegium

Eurasian perennial mint have small lilac-blue flowers and ovate leaves; yields an aromatic oil

Micromeria, genus Micromeria

large genus of fragrant chiefly Old World herbs

savory, Micromeria juliana

dwarf aromatic shrub of Mediterranean regions

molucca balm, bells of Ireland, Molucella laevis

aromatic annual with a tall stems of small whitish flowers enclosed in a greatly enlarged saucer- or bell-shaped calyx

Molucella, genus Molucella

small genus of aromatic herbs of Mediterranean regions; widely cultivated

monarda, wild bergamot

any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Monarda

genus Monarda

wild bergamot, horsemint, beebalm

bee balm, beebalm, bergamot mint, oswego tea, Monarda didyma

perennial aromatic herb of eastern North America having variously colored tubular flowers in dense showy heads

horsemint, Monarda punctata

tall erect perennial or annual having lanceolate leaves and heads of purple-spotted creamy flowers; many subspecies grown from eastern to southwestern United States and in Mexico

lemon mint, horsemint, Monarda citriodora

an annual horsemint of central and western United States and northern Mexico

bee balm, beebalm, Monarda fistulosa

perennial herb of North America

basil balm, Monarda clinopodia

perennial herb of North America (New York to Illinois and mountains of Alaska) having aromatic leaves and clusters of yellowish-pink flower-like balls

plains lemon monarda, Monarda pectinata

annual of southern United States

Monardella, genus Monardella

a genus of fragrant herbs of the family Labiatae in the western United States

mustang mint, Monardella lanceolata

fragrant California annual herb having lanceolate leaves and clusters of rose-purple flowers

basil

any of several Old World tropical aromatic annual or perennial herbs of the genus Ocimum

Nepeta, genus Nepeta

catmint

catmint, catnip, Nepeta cataria

hairy aromatic perennial herb having whorls of small white purple-spotted flowers in a terminal spike; used in the past as a domestic remedy; strongly attractive to cats

Ocimum, genus Ocimum

basil

beefsteak plant, Perilla frutescens crispa

plant grown for its ornamental red or purple foliage

common basil, sweet basil, Ocimum basilicum

annual or perennial of tropical Asia having spikes of small white flowers and aromatic leave; one of the most important culinary herbs; used in salads, casseroles, sauces and some liqueurs

Perilla, genus Perilla

small genus of Asiatic herbs

genus Phlomis

large genus of Old World aromatic herbs or subshrubs or shrubs having often woolly leaves

Jerusalem sage, Phlomis fruticosa

a spreading subshrub of Mediterranean regions cultivated for dense axillary whorls of purple or yellow flowers

phlomis

any of various plants of the genus Phlomis; grown primarily for their dense whorls of lipped flowers and attractive foliage

genus Physostegia

genus of North American perennial herbs

genus Plectranthus

large genus of ornamental flowering plants; includes some plants often placed in the genus Coleus

physostegia

any of various plants of the genus Physostegia having sessile linear to oblong leaves and showy white or rose or lavender flowers

false dragonhead, false dragon head, obedient plant, Physostegia virginiana

North American plant having a spike of two-lipped pink or white flowers

Pogostemon, genus Pogostemon

genus of Asiatic shrubs or trees whose leaves yield a fragrant oil

plectranthus

any of various ornamental plants of the genus Plectranthus

patchouli, patchouly, pachouli, Pogostemon cablin

small East Indian shrubby mint; fragrant oil from its leaves is used in perfumes

Prunella, genus Prunella

small genus of perennial mostly Eurasian having terminal spikes of small purplish or white flowers

self-heal, heal all, Prunella vulgaris

decumbent blue-flowered European perennial thought to possess healing properties; naturalized throughout North America

mountain mint

any of a number of perennial herbs of the genus Pycnanthemum; eastern North America and California

Pycnanthemum, genus Pycnanthemum, Koellia, genus Koellia

American mountain mint

sage, salvia

any of various plants of the genus Salvia; cosmopolitan

basil mint, Pycnanthemum virginianum

perennial herb of the eastern United States having inconspicuous greenish flowers and narrow leaves that are very aromatic when bruised

Rosmarinus, genus Rosmarinus

rosemary

rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis

widely cultivated for its fragrant gray-green leaves used in cooking and in perfumery

genus Salvia

large genus of shrubs and subshrubs of the mint family varying greatly in habit: sage

blue sage, Salvia azurea

blue-flowered sage of dry prairies of the eastern United States

clary sage, Salvia clarea

stout Mediterranean sage with white or pink or violet flowers; yields oil used as a flavoring and in perfumery

blue sage, mealy sage, Salvia farinacea

Texas sage having intensely blue flowers

blue sage, Salvia reflexa, Salvia lancifolia

sage of western North America to Central America having violet-blue flowers; widespread in cultivation

common sage, ramona, Salvia officinalis

shrubby plant with aromatic grayish-green leaves used as a cooking herb

purple sage, chaparral sage, Salvia leucophylla

silvery-leaved California herb with purple flowers

cancerweed, cancer weed, Salvia lyrata

sage of eastern United States

meadow clary, Salvia pratensis

tall perrenial Old World salvia with violet-blue flowers; found in open grasslands

pitcher sage, Salvia spathacea

California erect and sparsely branched perennial

clary, Salvia sclarea

aromatic herb of southern Europe; cultivated in England as a potherb and widely as an ornamental

savory

any of several aromatic herbs or subshrubs of the genus Satureja having spikes of flowers attractive to bees

wild sage, wild clary, vervain sage, Salvia verbenaca

Eurasian sage with blue flowers and verbenalike foliage; naturalized in United States

Satureja, genus Satureja, Satureia, genus Satureia

savory

winter savory, Satureja montana, Satureia montana

erect perennial subshrub having pink or white flowers and leathery leaves with a flavor of thyme; southern Europe

summer savory, Satureja hortensis, Satureia hortensis

erect annual herb with oval leaves and pink flowers; used to flavor e.g. meats or soups or salads; southeastern Europe and naturalized elsewhere

blue pimpernel, blue skullcap, mad-dog skullcap, mad-dog weed, Scutellaria lateriflora

an American mint that yields a resinous exudate used especially formerly as an antispasmodic

Scutellaria, genus Scutellaria

skullcap; helmet flower

Solenostemon, genus Solenostemon

genus of shrubby often succulent herbs of tropical Africa and Asia; includes some plants often placed in genus Coleus

Sideritis, genus Sideritis

genus of woolly aromatic herbs or subshrubs or shrubs of Mediterranean region

Stachys, genus Stachys

large genus of usually woolly or hairy herbs or subshrubs or shrubs; temperate eastern hemisphere; tropical Australasia

hedge nettle, dead nettle, Stachys sylvatica

foul-smelling perennial Eurasiatic herb with a green creeping rhizome

hedge nettle, Stachys palustris

perennial herb with an odorless rhizome widespread in moist places in northern hemisphere

germander

any of various plants of the genus Teucrium

Teucrium, genus Teucrium

large widely distributed genus of perennial herbs or shrubs or subshrubs; native to Mediterranean region to western Asia

American germander, wood sage, Teucrium canadense

subshrub with serrate leaves and cream to pink or purple flowers in spikelike racemes; North America

cat thyme, marum, Teucrium marum

Mediterranean germander having small hairy leaves and reddish purple flowers; attractive to cats

wall germander, Teucrium chamaedrys

European perennial subshrub with red-purple or bright rose flowers with red and white spots

wood sage, Teucrium scorodonia

European germander with one-sided racemes of yellow flowers; naturalized in North America

Thymus, genus Thymus

large genus of Old World mints: thyme

thyme

any of various mints of the genus Thymus

common thyme, Thymus vulgaris

common aromatic garden perennial native to the western Mediterranean; used in seasonings and formerly as medicine

wild thyme, creeping thyme, Thymus serpyllum

aromatic dwarf shrub common on banks and hillsides in Europe; naturalized in United States

Trichostema, genus Trichostema

genus of North American aromatic herbs or subshrubs: blue curls

black sage, wooly blue curls, California romero, Trichostema lanatum

aromatic wooly-leaved plant of southern California and Mexico

blue curls

any of several plants of the genus Trichostema having whorls of small blue flowers

turpentine camphor weed, camphorweed, vinegarweed, Trichostema lanceolatum

aromatic plant of western United States

bastard pennyroyal, Trichostema dichotomum

aromatic plant of the eastern United States

Lentibulariaceae, family Lentibulariaceae, bladderwort family

carnivorous aquatic or bog plants: genera Utricularia; Pinguicula; Genlisea

Utricularia, genus Utricularia

bladderworts: large genus of aquatic carnivorous plants; cosmopolitan in distribution

Pinguicula, genus Pinguicula

butterworts: a large genus of almost stemless carnivorous bog plants; Europe and America to Antarctica

bladderwort

any of numerous aquatic carnivorous plants of the genus Utricularia some of whose leaves are modified as small urn-shaped bladders that trap minute aquatic animals

butterwort

any of numerous carnivorous bog plants of the genus Pinguicula having showy purple or yellow or white flowers and a rosette of basal leaves coated with a sticky secretion to trap small insects

genus Genlisea

small genus of carnivorous plants of tropical African swamps

Martyniaceae, family Martyniaceae

in most classifications not considered a separate family but included in the Pedaliaceae

genlisea

rootless carnivorous swamp plants having at the base of the stem a rosette of foliage and trap-leaves consisting of slender tubes swollen in the middle; each tube passes into two long spirally twisted arms with stiff hairs

genus Martynia

in some classifications includes the unicorn plants

martynia, Martynia annua

sprawling annual or perennial herb of Central America and West Indies having creamy-white to red-purple bell-shaped flowers followed by unusual horned fruit

Orobanchaceae, family Orobanchaceae, broomrape family

brown or yellow leafless herbs; sometimes placed in the order Scrophulariales

Pedaliaceae, family Pedaliaceae, sesame family

the family of plants of order Polemoniales

sesame, benne, benni, benny, Sesamum indicum

East Indian annual erect herb; source of sesame seed or benniseed and sesame oil

Sesamum, genus Sesamum

tropical African and Indian herbs

sand devil's claw, Proboscidea arenaria, Martynia arenaria

alternatively placed in genus Martynia

Proboscidea, genus Proboscidea

in some classifications included in the genus Martynia and hence the two taxonomic names for some of the unicorn plants

common unicorn plant, devil's claw, common devil's claw, elephant-tusk, proboscis flower, ram's horn, Proboscidea louisianica

annual of southern United States to Mexico having large whitish or yellowish flowers mottled with purple and a long curving beak

sweet unicorn plant, Proboscidea fragrans, Martynia fragrans

a herbaceous plant of the genus Proboscidea

Scrophulariaceae, family Scrophulariaceae, figwort family, foxglove family

a family of dicotyledonous plants of the order Polemoniales; includes figwort and snapdragon and foxglove and toadflax and speedwell and mullein; in some classifications placed in the order Scrophulariales

Scrophularia, genus Scrophularia

type genus of Scrophulariaceae; named for the plants' supposed ability to cure scrofula: figworts

snapdragon

a garden plant of the genus Antirrhinum having showy white or yellow or crimson flowers resembling the face of a dragon

figwort

any of numerous tall coarse woodland plants of the genus Scrophularia

Antirrhinum, genus Antirrhinum

a genus of herbs of the family Scrophulariaceae with brightly colored irregular flowers

white snapdragon, Antirrhinum coulterianum

California plant with slender wandlike racemes of white flowers

yellow twining snapdragon, Antirrhinum filipes

southwestern United States plant with yellow flowers on stems that twist and twine through other vegetation

Mediterranean snapdragon, Antirrhinum majus

perennial native to the Mediterranean but widely cultivated for its purple or pink flowers

Besseya, genus Besseya

genus of North American spring wildflowers

Alpine besseya, Besseya alpina

small pale plant with dense spikes of pale bluish-violet flowers; of high cold meadows from Wyoming and Utah to New Mexico

kitten-tails

a plant of the genus Besseya having fluffy spikes of flowers

false foxglove, Aureolaria virginica, Gerardia virginica

sparsely branched North American perennial with terminal racemes of bright yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia

Aureolaria, genus Aureolaria

small genus of North American herbs often root-parasitic and bearing golden-yellow flowers; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia

false foxglove, Aureolaria pedicularia, Gerardia pedicularia

multi-stemmed North American annual having solitary axillary dark golden-yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia

genus Calceolaria

large genus of tropical American herbs and shrubs with showy cymose flowers

calceolaria, slipperwort

any garden plant of the genus Calceolaria having flowers with large inflated slipper-shaped lower lip

Castilleja, genus Castilleja, Castilleia, genus Castilleia

genus of western North and South American perennials often partially parasitic on roots of grasses

desert paintbrush, Castilleja chromosa

most common paintbrush of western United States dry lands; having erect stems ending in dense spikes of bright orange to red flowers

Indian paintbrush, painted cup

any of various plants of the genus Castilleja having dense spikes of hooded flowers with brightly colored bracts

great plains paintbrush, Castilleja sessiliflora

hairy plant with pinkish flowers; Great Plains to northern Mexico

giant red paintbrush, Castilleja miniata

wildflower of western North America having ragged clusters of crimson or scarlet flowers

sulfur paintbrush, Castilleja sulphurea

plant of moist highland meadows having ragged clusters of pale yellow flowers

shellflower, turtlehead, snakehead, Chelone glabra

showy perennial of marshlands of eastern and central North America having waxy lanceolate leaves and flower with lower part creamy white and upper parts pale pink to deep purple

Chelone, genus Chelone

herbaceous perennials: shellflower

Collinsia, genus Collinsia

genus of hardy annual herbs of western United States

purple chinese houses, innocense, Collinsia bicolor, Collinsia heterophylla

white and lavender to pale-blue flowers grow in perfect rings of widely spaced bands around the stems forming a kind of pagoda; California

maiden blue-eyed Mary, Collinsia parviflora

small widely branching Western plant with tiny blue-and-white flowers; British Columbia to Ontario and south to California and Colorado

blue-eyed Mary, Collinsia verna

Eastern United States plant with whorls of blue-and-white flowers

genus Digitalis

genus of Eurasian herbs having alternate leaves and racemes of showy bell-shaped flowers

Culver's root, Culvers root, Culver's physic, Culvers physic, whorlywort, Veronicastrum virginicum

a tall perennial herb having spikes of small white or purple flowers; common in eastern North America

common foxglove, fairy bell, fingerflower, fingerroot, Digitalis purpurea

tall leafy European biennial or perennial having spectacular clusters of large tubular pink-purple flowers; leaves yield drug digitalis and are poisonous to livestock

foxglove, digitalis

any of several plants of the genus Digitalis

genus Gerardia

genus of annual or perennial herbs with showy pink or purple or yellow flowers; plants often assigned to genera Aureolaria or Agalinis

yellow foxglove, straw foxglove, Digitalis lutea

European yellow-flowered foxglove

toadflax, butter-and-eggs, wild snapdragon, devil's flax, Linaria vulgaris

common European perennial having showy yellow and orange flowers; a naturalized weed in North America

gerardia

any plant of the genus Gerardia

Linaria, genus Linaria

genus of herbs and subshrubs having showy flowers: spurred snapdragon

blue toadflax, old-field toadflax, Linaria canadensis

North American plant having racemes of blue-violet flowers

Penstemon, genus Penstemon

large genus of subshrubs or herbs having showy blue or purple or red or yellow or white flowers; mostly western North America

scarlet bugler, Penstemon centranthifolius

plant with bright red tubular flowers in long narrow clusters near tips of erect stems; coastal ranges from central California southward

golden-beard penstemon, Penstemon barbatus

plant of southwestern United States having long open clusters of scarlet flowers with yellow hairs on lower lip

red shrubby penstemon, redwood penstemon

low branching dark green shrub with bunches of brick-red flowers at ends of branches; coastal ranges and foothills of northern California

Platte River penstemon, Penstemon cyananthus

erect plant with blue-violet flowers in rings near tips of stems; Idaho to Utah and Wyoming

Davidson's penstemon, Penstemon davidsonii

mat-forming plant with blue-lavender flowers clustered on short erect stems; British Columbia to northern California

Jones' penstemon, Penstemon dolius

low plant with light blue and violet flowers in short clusters near tips of stems; Nevada to Utah

hot-rock penstemon, Penstemon deustus

stems in clumps with cream-colored flowers; Washington State to Wyoming and south to California and Utah

shrubby penstemon, lowbush penstemon, Penstemon fruticosus

low bushy plant with large showy pale lavender or blue-violet flowers in narrow clusters at ends of stems

narrow-leaf penstemon, Penstemon linarioides

plant having small narrow leaves and blue-violet flowers in long open clusters; Utah and Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona

balloon flower, scented penstemon, Penstemon palmeri

fragrant puffed-up white to reddish-pink flowers in long narrow clusters on erect stems; Arizona to New Mexico and Utah

mountain pride, Penstemon newberryi

mat-forming plant with deep pink flowers on short erect leafy stems; rocky places at high elevations from Oregon to California

Parry's penstemon, Penstemon parryi

erect stems with pinkish-lavender flowers in long interrupted clusters; Arizona

cascade penstemon, Penstemon serrulatus

whorls of deep blue to dark purple flowers at tips of erect leafy stems; moist places from British Columbia to Oregon

rock penstemon, cliff penstemon, Penstemon rupicola

one of the West's most beautiful wildflowers; large brilliant pink or rose flowers in many racemes above thick mats of stems and leaves; ledges and cliffs from Washington to California

Rydberg's penstemon, Penstemon rydbergii

plant with whorls of small dark blue-violet flowers; Washington to Wyoming and south to California and Colorado

Whipple's penstemon, Penstemon whippleanus

wine-lavender to black-purple flowers in several clusters on the upper half of leafy stems; Montana south through the Rocky Mountain regions to Arizona and New Mexico

white mullein, Verbascum lychnitis

densely hairy Eurasian herb with racemose white flowers; naturalized in North America

Verbascum, genus Verbascum

genus of coarse herbs and subshrubs mostly with woolly leaves

mullein, flannel leaf, velvet plant

any of various plants of the genus Verbascum having large usually woolly leaves and terminal spikes of yellow or white or purplish flowers

moth mullein, Verbascum blattaria

European mullein with smooth leaves and large yellow or purplish flowers; naturalized as a weed in North America

purple mullein, Verbascum phoeniceum

Eurasian mullein with showy purple or pink flowers

common mullein, great mullein, Aaron's rod, flannel mullein, woolly mullein, torch, Verbascum thapsus

tall-stalked very woolly mullein with densely packed yellow flowers; ancient Greeks and Romans dipped the stalks in tallow for funeral torches

corn speedwell, Veronica arvensis

erect or procumbent blue-flowered annual found in waste places of Europe and America

genus Veronica

widespread genus of herbs with pink or white or blue or purple flowers: speedwell

veronica, speedwell

any plant of the genus Veronica

field speedwell, Veronica agrestis

European plant with minute axillary blue flowers on long stalks; widely naturalized in America

brooklime, American brooklime, Veronica americana

plant of western North America and northeastern Asia having prostrate stems with dense racemes of pale violet to lilac flowers

brooklime, European brooklime, Veronica beccabunga

European plant having low-lying stems with blue flowers often pink-flushed; sparsely naturalized in North America

germander speedwell, bird's eye, Veronica chamaedrys

Old World plant with axillary racemes of blue-and-white flowers

water speedwell, Veronica michauxii, Veronica anagallis-aquatica

plant of wet places in Eurasia and America

common speedwell, gypsyweed, Veronica officinalis

common hairy European perennial with pale blue or lilac flowers in axillary racemes

purslane speedwell, Veronica peregrina

North American annual with small white flowers widely naturalized as a weed in South America and Europe

thyme-leaved speedwell, Veronica serpyllifolia

perennial decumbent herb having small opposite leaves and racemes of blue flowers; throughout Eurasia and the New World

Solanaceae, family Solanaceae, potato family

large and economically important family of herbs or shrubs or trees often strongly scented and sometimes narcotic or poisonous; includes the genera Solanum; Atropa; Brugmansia; Capsicum; Datura; Hyoscyamus; Lycopersicon; Nicotiana; Petunia; Physalis; Solandra

Solanum, genus Solanum

type genus of the Solanaceae: nightshade; potato; eggplant; bittersweet

kangaroo apple, poroporo, Solanum aviculare

Australian annual sometimes cultivated for its racemes of purple flowers and edible yellow egg-shaped fruit

nightshade

any of numerous shrubs or herbs or vines of the genus Solanum; most are poisonous though many bear edible fruit

horse nettle, ball nettle, bull nettle, ball nightshade, Solanum carolinense

coarse prickly weed having pale yellow flowers and yellow berrylike fruit; common throughout southern and eastern United States

bittersweet, bittersweet nightshade, climbing nightshade, deadly nightshade, poisonous nightshade, woody nightshade, Solanum dulcamara

poisonous perennial Old World vine having violet flowers and oval coral-red berries; widespread weed in North America

potato tree, Solanum crispum

hardy climbing shrub of Chile grown as an ornamental for its fragrant flowers; not a true potato

Uruguay potato, Uruguay potato vine, Solanum commersonii

South American potato vine

trompillo, white horse nettle, prairie berry, purple nightshade, silverleaf nightshade, silver-leaved nightshade, silver-leaved nettle, Solanum elaeagnifolium

weedy nightshade with silvery foliage and violet or blue or white flowers; roundish berry widely used to curdle milk; central United States to South America

potato vine, Solanum jasmoides

copiously branched vine of Brazil having deciduous leaves and white flowers tinged with blue

African holly, Solanum giganteum

woolly-stemmed biennial arborescent shrub of tropical Africa and southern Asia having silvery-white prickly branches, clusters of blue or white flowers, and bright red berries resembling holly berries

wild potato, Solanum jamesii

erect or spreading perennial of southwestern United States and Mexico bearing small pale brown to cream potatolike tubers

eggplant, aubergine, brinjal, eggplant bush, garden egg, mad apple, Solanum melongena

hairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable

Jerusalem cherry, winter cherry, Madeira winter cherry, Solanum pseudocapsicum

small South American shrub cultivated as a houseplant for its abundant ornamental but poisonous red or yellow cherry-sized fruit

black nightshade, common nightshade, poisonberry, Solanum nigrum

Eurasian herb naturalized in America having white flowers and poisonous hairy foliage and bearing black berries that are sometimes poisonous but sometimes edible

garden huckleberry, wonderberry, sunberry, Solanum nigrum guineese, Solanum melanocerasum, Solanum burbankii

improved garden variety of black nightshade having small edible orange or black berries

naranjilla, Solanum quitoense

small perennial shrub cultivated in uplands of South America for its edible bright orange fruits resembling tomatoes or oranges

buffalo bur, Solanum rostratum

North American nightshade with with prickly foliage and racemose yellow flowers

potato, white potato, white potato vine, Solanum tuberosum

annual native to South America having underground stolons bearing edible starchy tubers; widely cultivated as a garden vegetable; vines are poisonous

potato vine, giant potato creeper, Solanum wendlandii

vine of Costa Rica sparsely armed with hooklike spines and having large lilac-blue flowers

potato tree, Brazilian potato tree, Solanum wrightii, Solanum macranthum

South American shrub or small tree widely cultivated in the tropics; not a true potato

belladonna, deadly nightshade, Atropa belladonna

perennial Eurasian herb with reddish bell-shaped flowers and shining black berries; extensively grown in United States; roots and leaves yield atropine

Atropa, genus Atropa

belladonna

genus Browallia

small genus of tropical South American annuals

lady-of-the-night, Brunfelsia americana

West Indian shrub with fragrant showy yellowish-white flowers

bush violet, browallia

any of several herbs of the genus Browallia cultivated for their blue or violet or white flowers

Brunfelsia, genus Brunfelsia

genus of tropical American shrubs grown for their flowers followed by fleshy berrylike fruits

Brugmansia, genus Brugmansia

includes some plants often placed in the genus Datura: angel's trumpets

red angel's trumpet, Brugmansia sanguinea, Datura sanguinea

arborescent South American shrub having very large orange-red flowers

angel's trumpet, maikoa, Brugmansia arborea, Datura arborea

South American plant cultivated for its large fragrant trumpet-shaped flowers

angel's trumpet, Brugmansia suaveolens, Datura suaveolens

South American plant cultivated for its very large nocturnally fragrant trumpet-shaped flowers

genus Capsicum

chiefly tropical perennial shrubby plants having many-seeded fruits: sweet and hot peppers

cayenne, cayenne pepper, chili pepper, chilli pepper, long pepper, jalapeno, Capsicum annuum longum

plant bearing very hot and finely tapering long peppers; usually red

capsicum, pepper, capsicum pepper plant

any of various tropical plants of the genus Capsicum bearing peppers

cone pepper, Capsicum annuum conoides

plant bearing erect pungent conical red or yellow or purple fruits; sometimes grown as an ornamental

sweet pepper, bell pepper, pimento, pimiento, paprika, sweet pepper plant, Capsicum annuum grossum

plant bearing large mild thick-walled usually bell-shaped fruits; the principal salad peppers

sweet pepper

mild bell-shaped fruit of a sweet pepper plant; usually green and red but now available in orange and yellow and purple and black and white

cherry pepper, Capsicum annuum cerasiforme

plant bearing small rounded usually pungent fruits

bird pepper, Capsicum frutescens baccatum, Capsicum baccatum

plant bearing very small and very hot oblong red fruits; includes wild forms native to tropical America; thought to be ancestral to the sweet pepper and many hot peppers

tabasco pepper, hot pepper, tabasco plant, Capsicum frutescens

plant bearing very hot medium-sized oblong red peppers; grown principally in the Gulf Coast states for production of hot sauce

Cestrum, genus Cestrum

genus of fragrant tropical American shrubs

tree tomato, tamarillo

South American arborescent shrub having pale pink blossoms followed by egg-shaped reddish-brown edible fruit somewhat resembling a tomato in flavor

day jessamine, Cestrum diurnum

West Indian evergreen shrub having clusters of funnel-shaped white flowers that are fragrant by day

night jasmine, night jessamine, Cestrum nocturnum

West Indian evergreen shrub having clusters of funnel-shaped yellow-white flowers that are fragrant by night

Cyphomandra, genus Cyphomandra

tree tomato

thorn apple

any of several plants of the genus Datura

Datura, genus Datura

thorn apple

jimsonweed, jimson weed, jimpsonweed, Jamestown weed, common thorn apple, apple of Peru, Datura stramonium

intensely poisonous tall coarse annual tropical weed having rank-smelling foliage, large white or violet trumpet-shaped flowers and prickly fruits

pichi, Fabiana imbricata

Peruvian shrub with small pink to lavender tubular flowers; leaves yield a tonic and diuretic

Fabiana, genus Fabiana

genus of South and Central American heathlike evergreen shrubs

henbane, black henbane, stinking nightshade, Hyoscyamus niger

poisonous fetid Old World herb having sticky hairy leaves and yellow-brown flowers; yields hyoscyamine and scopolamine

Hyoscyamus, genus Hyoscyamus

genus of poisonous herbs: henbane

common matrimony vine, Duke of Argyll's tea tree, Lycium barbarum, Lycium halimifolium

deciduous erect or spreading shrub with spiny branches and violet-purple flowers followed by orange-red berries; southeastern Europe to China

Egyptian henbane, Hyoscyamus muticus

leaves are a source of hyoscymine

Lycium, genus Lycium

deciduous and evergreen shrubs often spiny; cosmopolitan in temperate and subtropical regions

matrimony vine, boxthorn

any of various shrubs or vines of the genus Lycium with showy flowers and bright berries

Christmasberry, Christmas berry, Lycium carolinianum

spiny evergreen shrub of southeastern United States having spreading branches usually blue or mauve flowers and red berries

tomato, love apple, tomato plant, Lycopersicon esculentum

native to South America; widely cultivated in many varieties

Lycopersicon, genus Lycopersicon, Lycopersicum, genus Lycopersicum

tomatoes

cherry tomato, plum tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum cerasiforme

plant bearing small red to yellow fruit

Mandragora, genus Mandragora

a genus of stemless herbs of the family Solanaceae

mandrake root, mandrake

the root of the mandrake plant; used medicinally or as a narcotic

mandrake, devil's apples, Mandragora officinarum

a plant of southern Europe and North Africa having purple flowers, yellow fruits and a forked root formerly thought to have magical powers

apple of Peru, shoo fly, Nicandra physaloides

coarse South American herb grown for its blue-and-white flowers followed by a bladderlike fruit enclosing a dry berry

Nicandra, genus Nicandra

sturdy annual of Peru

tobacco

aromatic annual or perennial herbs and shrubs

Nicotiana, genus Nicotiana

American and Asiatic aromatic herbs and shrubs with viscid foliage

wild tobacco, Indian tobacco, Nicotiana rustica

tobacco plant of South America and Mexico

flowering tobacco, Jasmine tobacco, Nicotiana alata

South American ornamental perennial having nocturnally fragrant greenish-white flowers

common tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum

tall erect South American herb with large ovate leaves and terminal clusters of tubular white or pink flowers; cultivated for its leaves

tree tobacco, mustard tree, Nicotiana glauca

evergreen South American shrub naturalized in United States; occasionally responsible for poisoning livestock

tall cupflower, Nierembergia frutescens

shrubby Chilean herb having bluish-white tubular flowers used as an ornamental

genus Nierembergia

genus of tropical American erect or creeping herbs with solitary flowers

cupflower, nierembergia

any of various plants of the genus Nierembergia having upturned bell-like flowers

whitecup, Nierembergia repens, Nierembergia rivularis

prostrate woody South American herb with white tubular flowers often tinged with blue or rose

petunia

any of numerous tropical herbs having fluted funnel-shaped flowers

genus Petunia

annual or perennial herbs or shrubs of tropical South America

large white petunia, Petunia axillaris

annual herb having large nocturnally fragrant buff-white flowers

violet-flowered petunia, Petunia integrifolia

herb or small shrublet having solitary violet to rose-red flowers

hybrid petunia, Petunia hybrida

hybrids of Petunia axillaris and Petunia integrifolia: a complex group of petunias having single or double flowers in colors from white to purple

downy ground cherry, strawberry tomato, Physalis pubescens

decorative American annual having round fleshy yellow berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk

Physalis, genus Physalis

ground cherries

ground cherry, husk tomato

any of numerous cosmopolitan annual or perennial herbs of the genus Physalis bearing edible fleshy berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk; some cultivated for their flowers

Chinese lantern plant, winter cherry, bladder cherry, Physalis alkekengi

Old World perennial cultivated for its ornamental inflated papery orange-red calyx

cape gooseberry, purple ground cherry, Physalis peruviana

annual of tropical South America having edible purple fruits

strawberry tomato, dwarf cape gooseberry, Physalis pruinosa

stout hairy annual of eastern North America with sweet yellow fruits

cock's eggs, Salpichroa organifolia, Salpichroa rhomboidea

weedy vine of Argentina having solitary white flowers followed by egg-shaped white or yellow fruit

tomatillo, jamberry, Mexican husk tomato, Physalis ixocarpa

annual of Mexico and southern United States having edible purplish viscid fruit resembling small tomatoes

tomatillo, miltomate, purple ground cherry, jamberry, Physalis philadelphica

Mexican annual naturalized in eastern North America having yellow to purple edible fruit resembling small tomatoes

yellow henbane, Physalis viscosa

found on sea beaches from Virginia to South America having greenish-yellow flowers and orange or yellow berries

Salpichroa, genus Salpichroa

herbs of temperate North and South America: cock's eggs

genus Salpiglossis

small genus of herbs of the southern Andes having large showy flowers

painted tongue, Salpiglossis sinuata

Chilean herb having velvety funnel-shaped yellowish or violet flowers with long tonguelike styles at the corolla throat

salpiglossis

any plant of the genus Salpiglossis

genus Schizanthus

Chilean herbs with orchidlike flowers

butterfly flower, poor man's orchid, schizanthus

any plant of the genus Schizanthus having finely divided leaves and showy variegated flowers

Scopolia, genus Scopolia

genus of European perennial herbs yielding medicinal alkaloids

Solandra, genus Solandra

shrubby climbers of tropical America

Scopolia carniolica

a source of scopolomine

chalice vine, trumpet flower, cupflower, Solandra guttata

Mexican evergreen climbing plant having large solitary funnel-shaped fragrant yellow flowers with purple-brown ridges in the throat

genus Verbena

type genus of the Verbenaceae; genus of herbaceous perennials and subshrubs

Streptosolen, genus Streptosolen

1 species: marmalade bush

marmalade bush, firebush, Streptosolen jamesonii

evergreen South American shrub having showy trumpet-shaped orange flowers; grown as an ornamental or houseplant

Verbenaceae, family Verbenaceae, verbena family, vervain family

family of New World tropical and subtropical herbs and shrubs and trees

verbena, vervain

any of numerous tropical or subtropical American plants of the genus Verbena grown for their showy spikes of variously colored flowers

Avicennia, genus Avicennia

small genus of tropical shrubs or trees

lantana

a flowering shrub

Avicenniaceae, family Avicenniaceae

used in some classifications: coextensive with the genus Avicennia

black mangrove, Avicennia marina

a mangrove of the West Indies and the southern Florida coast; occurs in dense thickets and has numerous short roots that bend up from the ground

white mangrove, Avicennia officinalis

a small to medium-sized tree growing in brackish water especially along the shores of the southwestern Pacific

Aegiceras, genus Aegiceras

a genus of herbs of the family Verbenaceae

black mangrove, Aegiceras majus

an Australian tree resembling the black mangrove of the West Indies and Florida

Tectona, genus Tectona

small genus of southeastern Asian tropics: teak

teak, Tectona grandis

tall East Indian timber tree now planted in western Africa and tropical America for its hard durable wood

Euphorbiaceae, family Euphorbiaceae, spurge family

a family of plants of order Geraniales

caper spurge, myrtle spurge, mole plant, Euphorbia lathyris

poisonous Old World spurge; adventive in America; seeds yield a purgative oil

Euphorbia, genus Euphorbia

type genus of the Euphorbiaceae: very large genus of diverse plants all having milky juice

spurge

any of numerous plants of the genus Euphorbia; usually having milky often poisonous juice

sun spurge, wartweed, wartwort, devil's milk, Euphorbia helioscopia

not unattractive European weed whose flowers turn toward the sun

petty spurge, devil's milk, Euphorbia peplus

an Old World spurge introduced as a weed in the eastern United States

medusa's head, Euphorbia medusae, Euphorbia caput-medusae

African dwarf succulent perennial shrub with numerous slender drooping branches

wild spurge, flowering spurge, tramp's spurge, Euphorbia corollata

common perennial United States spurge having showy white petallike bracts

snow-on-the-mountain, snow-in-summer, ghost weed, Euphorbia marginata

annual spurge of western United States having showy white-bracted flower clusters and very poisonous milk

cypress spurge, Euphorbia cyparissias

Old World perennial having cypress-like foliage naturalized as a weed in United States

hairy spurge, Euphorbia hirsuta

much-branched hirsute weed native to northeastern North America

leafy spurge, wolf's milk, Euphorbia esula

tall European perennial naturalized and troublesome as a weed in eastern North America

poinsettia, Christmas star, Christmas flower, lobster plant, Mexican flameleaf, painted leaf, Euphorbia pulcherrima

tropical American plant having poisonous milk and showy tapering usually scarlet petallike leaves surrounding small yellow flowers

fire-on-the-mountain, painted leaf, Mexican fire plant, Euphorbia cyathophora

poinsettia of United States and eastern Mexico; often confused with Euphoria heterophylla

Japanese poinsettia, mole plant, paint leaf, Euphorbia heterophylla

showy poinsettia found from southern United States to Peru; often confused with Euphoria cyathophora

wood spurge, Euphorbia amygdaloides

European perennial herb with greenish yellow terminal flower clusters

dwarf spurge, Euphorbia exigua

European erect or depressed annual weedy spurge adventive in northeastern United States

candelilla, Euphorbia antisyphilitica

wax-coated shrub of northern Mexico and southwestern United States

scarlet plume, Euphorbia fulgens

Mexican shrub often cultivated for its scarlet-bracted flowers

naboom, cactus euphorbia, Euphorbia ingens

small tree of dry open parts of southern Africa having erect angled branches suggesting candelabra

toothed spurge, Euphorbia dentata

an annual weed of northeastern North America with dentate leaves

crown of thorns, Christ thorn, Christ plant, Euphorbia milii

somewhat climbing bushy spurge of Madagascar having long woody spiny stems with few leaves and flowers with scarlet bracts

Acalypha, genus Acalypha

a genus of herbs and shrubs belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae

three-seeded mercury, Acalypha virginica

weedy herb of eastern North America

genus Croton

tropical shrubs and herbs; source of croton oil

croton, Croton tiglium

tropical Asiatic shrub; source of croton_oil

cascarilla, Croton eluteria

West Indian shrub with aromatic bark

croton, Codiaeum variegatum

grown in many varieties for their brightly colored foliage; widely cultivated as a houseplant

Codiaeum, genus Codiaeum

evergreen tropical trees and shrubs with thick and colorful leathery leaves; Malaya and Pacific islands

Mercurialis, genus Mercurialis

a genus of slender herbs belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae

Ricinus, genus Ricinus

a genus of herb having only one known species: castor-oil plant

herb mercury, herbs mercury, boys-and-girls, Mercurialis annua

Eurafrican annual naturalized in America as a weed; formerly dried for use as a purgative, diuretic or antisyphilitic

dog's mercury, dog mercury, Mercurialis perennis

European perennial weedy plant with greenish flowers

castor-oil plant, castor bean plant, palma christi, palma christ, Ricinus communis

large shrub of tropical Africa and Asia having large palmate leaves and spiny capsules containing seeds that are the source of castor oil and ricin; widely naturalized throughout the tropics

Cnidoscolus, genus Cnidoscolus

a genus of perennial plant with bristles; belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae

physic nut, Jatropha curcus

small tropical American tree yielding purple dye and a tanning extract and bearing physic nuts containing a purgative oil that is poisonous in large quantities

spurge nettle, tread-softly, devil nettle, pica-pica, Cnidoscolus urens, Jatropha urens, Jatropha stimulosus

a stinging herb of tropical America

Jatropha, genus Jatropha

a mainly tropical genus of American plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae

para rubber tree, caoutchouc tree, Hevea brasiliensis

deciduous tree of the Amazon and Orinoco Rivers having leathery leaves and fragrant yellow-white flowers; the rubber tree usually cultivated in plantations; chief source of Para rubber

Hevea, genus Hevea

small genus of South American trees yielding latex

Manihot, genus Manihot

genus of economically important tropical plants: cassava

cassava, casava

any of several plants of the genus Manihot having fleshy roots yielding a nutritious starch

sweet cassava, Manihot dulcis

South American plant with roots used as a vegetable and herbage used for stock feed

bitter cassava, manioc, mandioc, mandioca, tapioca plant, gari, Manihot esculenta, Manihot utilissima

cassava with long tuberous edible roots and soft brittle stems; used especially to make cassiri (an intoxicating drink) and tapioca

tung tree, tung, tung-oil tree, Aleurites fordii

Chinese tree bearing seeds that yield tung oil

Aleurites, genus Aleurites

candlenut

candlenut, varnish tree, Aleurites moluccana

large tree native to southeastern Asia; the nuts yield oil used in varnishes; nut kernels strung together are used locally as candles

slipper spurge, slipper plant

any of several tropical American shrubby succulant plants resembling cacti but having foot-shaped bracts

Pedilanthus, genus Pedilanthus

tropical American succulent shrubs

genus Camellia

tropical Asiatic evergreen shrubs or small trees

candelilla, Pedilanthus bracteatus, Pedilanthus pavonis

wax-coated Mexican shrub related to Euphorbia antisyphilitica

jewbush, jew bush, redbird cactus, redbird flower, Pedilanthus tithymaloides

low tropical American shrub having powerful emetic properties

Sebastiana, genus Sebastiana

Mexican spurges

Theaceae, family Theaceae, tea family

a family of trees and shrubs of the order Parietales

camellia, camelia

any of several shrubs or small evergreen trees having solitary white or pink or reddish flowers

japonica, Camellia japonica

greenhouse shrub with glossy green leaves and showy fragrant roselike flowers; cultivated in many varieties

tea, Camellia sinensis

extensively cultivated in e.g. China and Japan and India; source of tea leaves

Umbelliferae, family Umbelliferae, Apiaceae, family Apiaceae, carrot family

plants having flowers in umbels: parsley; carrot; anise; caraway; celery; dill

umbellifer, umbelliferous plant

any of numerous aromatic herbs of the family Umbelliferae

wild parsley

any of various uncultivated umbelliferous plants with foliage resembling that of carrots or parsley

fool's parsley, lesser hemlock, Aethusa cynapium

European weed naturalized in America that resembles parsley but causes nausea and poisoning when eaten

Aethusa, genus Aethusa

fool's parsley

dill, Anethum graveolens

aromatic Old World herb having aromatic threadlike foliage and seeds used as seasoning

Anethum, genus Anethum

dill

genus Angelica

biennial of perennial taprooted herbs of northern hemisphere

garden angelica, archangel, Angelica Archangelica

a biennial cultivated herb; its stems are candied and eaten and its roots are used medicinally

angelica, angelique

any of various tall and stout herbs of the genus Angelica having pinnately compound leaves and small white or greenish flowers in compound umbels

wild angelica, Angelica sylvestris

European herb with compound leaves and white flowers; adventive on Cape Breton Island

Anthriscus, genus Anthriscus

chervil: of Europe, North Africa and Asia

chervil, beaked parsley, Anthriscus cereifolium

aromatic annual Old World herb cultivated for its finely divided and often curly leaves for use especially in soups and salads

cow parsley, wild chervil, Anthriscus sylvestris

coarse erect biennial Old World herb introduced as a weed in eastern North America

celery, cultivated celery, Apium graveolens dulce

widely cultivated herb with aromatic leaf stalks that are eaten raw or cooked

Apium, genus Apium

celery

wild celery, Apium graveolens

herb of Europe and temperate Asia

celeriac, celery root, knob celery, root celery, turnip-rooted celery, Apium graveolens rapaceum

grown for its thickened edible aromatic root

greater masterwort, Astrantia major

European herb with aromatic roots and leaves in a basal tuft and showy compound umbels of white to rosy flowers

genus Astrantia

masterworts

astrantia

any plant of the genus Astrantia

caraway, Carum carvi

a Eurasian plant with small white flowers yielding caraway seed

Carum, genus Carum

caraway

Cicuta, genus Cicuta

small genus of perennial herbs having deadly poisonous tuberous roots: water hemlock

whorled caraway

a caraway with whorled leaves

water hemlock, Cicuta verosa

tall erect highly poisonous Eurasiatic perennial herb locally abundant in marshy areas

Conium, genus Conium

small genus of highly toxic biennials: hemlock

spotted cowbane, spotted hemlock, spotted water hemlock

tall biennial water hemlock of northeastern North America having purple-spotted stems and clusters of extremely poisonous tuberous roots resembling small sweet potatoes

hemlock, poison hemlock, poison parsley, California fern, Nebraska fern, winter fern, Conium maculatum

large branching biennial herb native to Eurasia and Africa and adventive in North America having large fernlike leaves and white flowers; usually found in damp habitats; all parts extremely poisonous

earthnut, Conopodium denudatum

a common European plant having edible tubers with the flavor of roasted chestnuts

Conopodium, genus Conopodium

a genus of dicotyledonous plants of the family Umbelliferae

Coriandrum, genus Coriandrum

small genus of annual Mediterranean herbs

coriander, coriander plant, Chinese parsley, cilantro, Coriandrum sativum

Old World herb with aromatic parsleylike leaves and seed

cumin, Cuminum cyminum

dwarf Mediterranean annual long cultivated for its aromatic seeds

Cuminum, genus Cuminum

cumin

wild carrot, Queen Anne's lace, Daucus carota

a widely naturalized Eurasian herb with finely cut foliage and white compound umbels of small white or yellowish flowers and thin yellowish roots

Daucus, genus Daucus

carrot

carrot, cultivated carrot, Daucus carota sativa

perennial plant widely cultivated as an annual in many varieties for its long conical deep-orange edible roots; temperate and tropical regions

Eryngium, genus Eryngium

large genus of decorative plants with thistlelike flower heads; cosmopolitan in distribution

sea holly, sea holm, sea eryngium, Eryngium maritimum

European evergreen eryngo with twisted spiny leaves naturalized on United States east coast; roots formerly used as an aphrodisiac

eryngo, eringo

any plant of the genus Eryngium

button snakeroot, Eryngium aquaticum

coarse prickly perennial eryngo with aromatic roots; southeastern United States; often confused with rattlesnake master

rattlesnake master, rattlesnake's master, button snakeroot, Eryngium yuccifolium

coarse prickly perennial eryngo of United States thought to cure rattlesnake bite

common fennel, Foeniculum vulgare

strongly aromatic with a smell of aniseed; leaves and seeds used for seasoning

Foeniculum, genus Foeniculum

very small genus of aromatic European herbs with pinnately compound leaves and yellow flowers

fennel

any of several aromatic herbs having edible seeds and leaves and stems

Florence fennel, Foeniculum dulce, Foeniculum vulgare dulce

grown especially for its edible aromatic bulbous stem base

Heracleum, genus Heracleum

widely distributed genus of plants with usually thick rootstocks and large umbels of white flowers

cow parsnip, hogweed, Heracleum sphondylium

tall coarse plant having thick stems and cluster of white to purple flowers

Levisticum, genus Levisticum

genus of aromatic European herbs with yellow flowers

lovage, Levisticum officinale

native to southern Europe; cultivated for its edible stalks and foliage and seeds

Myrrhis, genus Myrrhis

European perennial herbs having pinnate leaves and umbels of white flowers

sweet cicely, Myrrhis odorata

European herb with soft ferny leaves and white flowers

water dropwort, hemlock water dropwort, Oenanthe crocata

European poisonous herb having tuberous roots, yellow juice that stains the skin, yellow flowers and foliage resembling celery; all parts extremely poisonous

Oenanthe, genus Oenanthe

poisonous herbs: water dropworts

water fennel, Oenanthe aquatica

European poisonous herb with fibrous roots

parsnip, Pastinaca sativa

a strong-scented plant cultivated for its edible root

Pastinaca, genus Pastinaca

a rosid dicot genus of the family Umbelliferae; includes parsnips

cultivated parsnip

European biennial having a long fusiform root that has been made palatable through cultivation

parsley, Petroselinum crispum

annual or perennial herb with aromatic finely-cut leaves

wild parsnip, madnep

biennial weed in Europe and America having large pinnate leaves and yellow flowers and a bitter and somewhat poisonous root; the ancestor of cultivated parsnip

Petroselinum, genus Petroselinum

parsley

Italian parsley, flat-leaf parsley, Petroselinum crispum neapolitanum

a variety of parsley having flat leaves

Hamburg parsley, turnip-rooted parsley, Petroselinum crispum tuberosum

parsley with smooth leaves and enlarged edible taproot resembling a savory parsnip

anise, anise plant, Pimpinella anisum

native to Egypt but cultivated widely for its aromatic seeds and the oil from them used medicinally and as a flavoring in cookery

Pimpinella, genus Pimpinella

anise

sanicle, snakeroot

a plant of the genus Sanicula having palmately compound leaves and unisexual flowers in panicled umbels followed by bristly fruit; reputed to have healing powers

Sanicula, genus Sanicula

chiefly American herbs: sanicle

footsteps-of-spring, Sanicula arctopoides

sanicle of northwestern United States and British Columbia having yellow flowers

purple sanicle, Sanicula bipinnatifida

sanicle of northwestern United States and British Columbia having yellow or red or purple flowers

European sanicle, Sanicula Europaea

sanicle of Europe and Asia having white to pale pink flowers

moon carrot, stone parsley

any plant of the genus Seseli having dense umbels of small white or pink flowers and finely divided foliage

Seseli, genus Seseli

moon carrots

Sium, genus Sium

perennial of wet and marshy places in the northern hemisphere: water parsnips

Sison, genus Sison

stone parsley

stone parsley, Sison amomum

slender roadside herb of western Europe and Mediterranean having parsleylike foliage and white flowers with aromatic seeds

water parsnip, Sium suave

stout white-flowered perennial found wild in shallow fresh water; northern United States and Asia

greater water parsnip, Sium latifolium

large stout white-flowered perennial found wild in shallow fresh water; Europe

skirret, Sium sisarum

an Asiatic herb cultivated in Europe for its sweet edible tuberous root

Alexander, Alexanders, black lovage, horse parsley, Smyrnium olusatrum

European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb

Smyrnium, genus Smyrnium

Alexanders

common white dogwood, eastern flowering dogwood, Cornus florida

deciduous tree; celebrated for its large white or pink flower-like bracts and stunning autumn color followed by red berries

Cornaceae, family Cornaceae, dogwood family

a rosid dicot family of the order Umbellales including: genera Aucuba; Cornus; Corokia; Curtisia; Griselinia; Helwingia

Cornus, genus Cornus

a rosid dicot genus of the family Cornaceae including: dogwood; cornel: perennial chiefly deciduous shrubs or small trees of temperate regions of northern hemisphere

dogwood, dogwood tree, cornel

a tree of shrub of the genus Cornus often having showy flower-like bracts

red osier, red osier dogwood, red dogwood, American dogwood, redbrush, Cornus stolonifera

common North American shrub with reddish purple twigs and white flowers

silky dogwood, Cornus obliqua

shrub of eastern North America closely resembling silky cornel

silky cornel, silky dogwood, Cornus amomum

shrub of eastern North America having purplish stems and blue fruit

common European dogwood, red dogwood, blood-twig, pedwood, Cornus sanguinea

European deciduous shrub turning red in autumn having dull white flowers

cornelian cherry, Cornus mas

deciduous European shrub or small tree having bright red fruit

bunchberry, dwarf cornel, crackerberry, pudding berry, Cornus canadensis

creeping red-berried perennial herb distinguished by clustered leaf whorls at tips of shoots; Greenland to Alaska

puka, Griselinia lucida

South American shrub or small tree having long shining evergreen leaves and panicles of green or yellow flowers

Griselinia, genus Griselinia

evergreen shrubs of New Zealand and South America

kapuka, Griselinia littoralis

small New Zealand broadleaf evergreen tree often cultivated in warm regions as an ornamental

Valerianella, genus Valerianella

genus of Old World annual herbs widely naturalized

Valerianaceae, family Valerianaceae, valerian family

genus of mostly herbs having a characteristic fetid odor

Valeriana, genus Valeriana

genus of widely distributed perennial herbs and some shrubs

valerian

a plant of the genus Valeriana having lobed or dissected leaves and cymose white or ink flowers

common valerian, garden heliotrope, Valeriana officinalis

tall rhizomatous plant having very fragrant flowers and rhizomes used medicinally

common corn salad, lamb's lettuce, Valerianella olitoria, Valerianella locusta

widely cultivated as a salad crop and pot herb; often a weed

corn salad

a plant of the genus Valerianella

Centranthus, genus Centranthus

genus of southern European herbs and subshrubs

red valerian, French honeysuckle, Centranthus ruber

European herb with small fragrant crimson or white spurred flowers

houseplant

any of a variety of plants grown indoors for decorative purposes

garden plant

any of a variety of plants usually grown especially in a flower or herb garden

bedder, bedding plant

an ornamental plant suitable for planting in a flowerbed

succulent

a plant adapted to arid conditions and characterized by fleshy water-storing tissues that act as water reservoirs

wort

usually used in combination: `liverwort'; `milkwort'; `whorlywort'

evergreen, evergreen plant

a plant having foliage that persists and remains green throughout the year

deciduous plant

a plant having foliage that is shed annually at the end of the growing season

vine

weak-stemmed plant that derives support from climbing, twining, or creeping along a surface

root climber

a plant that climbs by its adventitious roots e.g. ivy

climber

a vine or climbing plant that readily grows up a support or over other plants

creeper

any plant (as ivy or periwinkle) that grows by creeping

woody plant, ligneous plant

a plant having hard lignified tissues or woody parts especially stems

bean tree

any of several trees having seedpods as fruits

lignosae

a category in some early taxonomies

arborescent plant

having the shape or characteristics of a tree

tree

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

pollard

a tree with limbs cut back to promote a more bushy growth of foliage

shade tree

a tree planted or valued chiefly for its shade from sunlight

sapling

young tree

gymnospermous tree

any tree of the division Gymnospermophyta

conifer, coniferous tree

any gymnospermous tree or shrub bearing cones

angiospermous tree, flowering tree

any tree having seeds and ovules contained in the ovary

spice tree

tree bearing aromatic bark or berries

nut tree

tree bearing edible nuts

fever tree

any of several trees having leaves or barks used to allay fever or thought to indicate regions free of fever

ming tree

an artificial plant resembling a bonsai

bonsai

a dwarfed ornamental tree or shrub grown in a tray or shallow pot

ming tree

a dwarfed evergreen conifer or shrub shaped to have flat-topped asymmetrical branches and grown in a container

groundcover, ground cover, undergrowth

small plants other than saplings growing on a forest floor

groundcover, ground cover

low-growing plants planted in deep shade or on a steep slope where turf is difficult to grow

shrub, bush

a low woody perennial plant usually having several major branches

subshrub, suffrutex

low-growing woody shrub or perennial with woody base

shrublet

dwarf shrub

bramble

any of various rough thorny shrubs or vines

flowering shrub

shrub noted primarily for its flowers

liana

a woody climbing usually tropical plant

geophyte

a perennial plant that propagates by underground bulbs or tubers or corms

strangler, strangler tree

an epiphytic vine or tree whose aerial roots extend down the trunk of a supporting tree and coalesce around it eventually strangling the tree

tuberous plant

plant growing from a tuber

bulbous plant

plant growing from a bulb

cormous plant

plant growing from a corm

Rhamnaceae, family Rhamnaceae, buckthorn family

trees and shrubs usually thorny bearing drupaceous fruit many having medicinal value

Rhamnales, order Rhamnales

an order of dicotyledonous plants

Rhamnus, genus Rhamnus

type genus of the Rhamnaceae: buckthorns

buckthorn

a shrub or shrubby tree of the genus Rhamnus; fruits are source of yellow dyes or pigments

cascara buckthorn, bearberry, bearwood, chittamwood, chittimwood, Rhamnus purshianus

shrubby tree of United States Pacific coast; yields cascara sagrada

Carolina buckthorn, indian cherry, Rhamnus carolinianus

deciduous shrub of eastern and central United States having black berrylike fruit; golden-yellow in autumn

coffeeberry, California buckthorn, California coffee, Rhamnus californicus

evergreen shrub of western United States bearing small red or black fruits

redberry, Rhamnus croceus

small spiny evergreen shrub of western United States and Mexico with minute flowers and bright red berries

alder buckthorn, alder dogwood, Rhamnus frangula

small tree common in Europe

Colubrina, genus Colubrina

mostly tropical American shrubs or small trees with small yellowish flowers and yellow or red fruits

nakedwood

any of several small to medium-sized trees of Florida and West Indies with thin scaly bark and heavy dark heartwood

Ziziphus, genus Ziziphus

spiny chiefly tropical American and Asiatic shrubs: jujubes

jujube, jujube bush, Christ's-thorn, Jerusalem thorn, Ziziphus jujuba

spiny tree having dark red edible fruits

Pomaderris, genus Pomaderris

a genus of Australasian shrubs and trees

lotus tree, Ziziphus lotus

shrubby deciduous tree of the Mediterranean region

Paliurus, genus Paliurus

thorny Eurasian shrubs

Christ's-thorn, Jerusalem thorn, Paliurus spina-christi

thorny Eurasian shrub with dry woody winged fruit

hazel, hazel tree, Pomaderris apetala

Australian tree grown especially for ornament and its fine-grained wood and bearing edible nuts

Vitaceae, family Vitaceae, Vitidaceae, grapevine family

a family of vines belonging to order Rhamnales

Vitis, genus Vitis

the type genus of the family Vitaceae; woody vines with simple leaves and small flowers; includes a wide variety of grapes

grape, grapevine

any of numerous woody vines of genus Vitis bearing clusters of edible berries

fox grape, Vitis labrusca

native grape of northeastern United States; origin of many cultivated varieties e.g. Concord grapes

muscadine, Vitis rotundifolia

native grape of southeastern United States; origin of many cultivated varieties

Pinot blanc

white wine grape; grown especially in California for making Chablis-type wines

vinifera, vinifera grape, common grape vine, Vitis vinifera

common European grape cultivated in many varieties; chief source of Old World wine and table grapes

Chardonnay, chardonnay grape

white wine grape

Pinot, Pinot grape

any of several purple or white wine grapes used especially for burgundies and champagnes

Pinot noir

red wine grape; grown especially in California for making Burgundy-type wines

Sauvignon grape

small blue-black grape of Medoc region of France highly prized in winemaking

Cabernet Sauvignon grape

superior red wine grapes grown especially in the Bordeaux region of France and northern California

Sauvignon blanc

white wine grape grown in California

Riesling

white grape grown in Europe and California

Muscadet

white grape grown especially in the Loire Valley in France

Chenin blanc

white grape grown especially in California and the lower Loire valley of France

Zinfandel

small black grape grown chiefly in California; transplanted from Europe

muscat, muskat

any of several cultivated grapes used for wine and raisins

malvasia

used to make malmsey wine

Boston ivy, Japanese ivy, Parthenocissus tricuspidata

Asiatic vine with three-lobed leaves and purple berries

Parthenocissus, genus Parthenocissus

woody vines having disklike tips on the tendrils

Virginia creeper, American ivy, woodbine, Parthenocissus quinquefolia

common North American vine with compound leaves and bluish-black berrylike fruit

Piperales, order Piperales

Piperaceae; Saururaceae; Chloranthaceae

long pepper, Piper longum

slender tropical climber of East Himalaya

Piperaceae, family Piperaceae, pepper family

tropical woody vines and herbaceous plants having aromatic herbage and minute flowers in spikelets

Piper, genus Piper

type genus of the Piperaceae: large genus of chiefly climbing tropical shrubs

true pepper, pepper vine

any of various shrubby vines of the genus Piper

pepper, common pepper, black pepper, white pepper, Madagascar pepper, Piper nigrum

climber having dark red berries (peppercorns) when fully ripe; southern India and Sri Lanka; naturalized in North Burma and Assam

betel, betel pepper, Piper betel

Asian pepper plant whose dried leaves are chewed with betel nut (seed of the betel palm) by southeast Asians

cubeb, cubeb vine, Java pepper, Piper cubeba

tropical southeast Asian shrubby vine bearing spicy berrylike fruits

genus Peperomia

large genus of small tropical usually succulent herbs: radiator plants

watermelon begonia, Peperomia argyreia, Peperomia sandersii

grown as a houseplant for its silvery striped fleshy foliage; South America

peperomia

any of various plants of the genus Peperomia; grown primarily for their often succulent foliage

Chloranthaceae, family Chloranthaceae

small family of tropical herbs and shrubs and trees

yerba mansa, Anemopsis californica

stonoliferous herb of southwestern United States and Mexico having a pungent rootstock and small spicate flowers with white bracts suggesting an anemone

Chloranthus, genus Chloranthus

type genus of the Chloranthaceae

Saururaceae, family Saururaceae, lizard's-tail family

family of perennial aromatic herbs: genera Saururus; Anemopsis; Houttuynia

Saururus, genus Saururus

type genus of the Saururaceae: lizard's-tails

lizard's-tail, swamp lily, water dragon, Saururus cernuus

North American herbaceous perennial of wet places having slender curled tail-like racemes of small white flowers

Anemopsis, genus Anemopsis

1 species: yerba_mansa

Houttuynia, genus Houttuynia

1 species; east Asian low-growing plant of wet places

Asclepiadaceae, family Asclepiadaceae, milkweed family

widely distributed family of herbs and shrubs of the order Gentianales; most with milky juice

asclepiad

any plant of the family Asclepiadaceae

Asclepias, genus Asclepias

genus of chiefly North American perennial herbs: silkweed; milkweed

white milkweed, Asclepias albicans

tall herb with leafless waxy-white stems and whitish starlike flowers; southwestern United States

milkweed, silkweed

any of numerous plants of the genus Asclepias having milky juice and pods that split open releasing seeds with downy tufts

blood flower, swallowwort, Asclepias curassavica

tropical herb having orange-red flowers followed by pods suggesting a swallow with outspread wings; a weed throughout the tropics

poke milkweed, Asclepias exaltata

milkweed of the eastern United States with leaves resembling those of pokeweed

swamp milkweed, Asclepias incarnata

densely branching perennial of the eastern United States with white to crimson or purple flowers

Mead's milkweed, Asclepias meadii, Asclepia meadii

milkweed of central North America; a threatened species

purple silkweed, Asclepias purpurascens

perennial of eastern North America having pink-purple flowers

showy milkweed, Asclepias speciosa

milkweed of southern North America having large starry purple-pink flowers

poison milkweed, horsetail milkweed, Asclepias subverticillata

milkweed of southwestern United States and Mexico; poisonous to livestock

butterfly weed, orange milkweed, chiggerflower, pleurisy root, tuber root, Indian paintbrush, Asclepias tuberosa

erect perennial of eastern and southern United States having showy orange flowers

whorled milkweed, Asclepias verticillata

milkweed of the eastern United States with narrow leaves in whorls and greenish-white flowers

Araujia, genus Araujia

small genus of South American evergreen vines

cruel plant, Araujia sericofera

robust twining shrub having racemes of fragrant white or pink flowers with flat spreading terminal petals that trap nocturnal moths and hold them until dawn

genus Cynancum

genus of perennial tropical African lianas

hoya

any plant of the genus Hoya having fleshy leaves and usually nectariferous flowers

cynancum

any of various mostly giant tropical lianas of Africa and Madagascar having greenish or purple flowers and long smooth pods; roots formerly used as an emetic

genus Hoya

large genus of climbing shrubs of Australia and Asia and Polynesia

honey plant

a plant that furnishes nectar suitable for making honey

wax plant, Hoya carnosa

succulent climber of southern Asia with umbels of pink and white star-shaped flowers

silk vine, Periploca graeca

deciduous climber for arches and fences having ill-scented but interesting flowers and poisonous yellow fruits; cultivated for its dark shining foliage; southeastern Europe to Asia Minor

Periploca, genus Periploca

genus of woody vines of warm regions of the Old World

Sarcostemma, genus Sarcostemma

succulent subshrubs or vines; tropical and subtropical India and Africa and Malaysia

genus Stapelia

genus of evil-smelling cactus-like plants; Africa to East India

soma, haoma, Sarcostemma acidum

leafless East Indian vine; its sour milky juice formerly used to make an intoxicating drink

Stapelias asterias

stapelia of Cape Province Africa having mostly dark red-brown flowers with flat starlike corollas

stapelia, carrion flower, starfish flower

any of various plants of the genus Stapelia having succulent leafless toothed cactus-like stems and large evil-smelling flowers often star-shaped

genus Stephanotis

genus of Old World tropical woody vines

Madagascar jasmine, waxflower, Stephanotis floribunda

twining woody vine of Madagascar having thick dark waxy evergreen leaves and clusters of large fragrant waxy white flowers along the stems; widely cultivated in warm regions

stephanotis

any of various evergreen climbing shrubs of the genus Stephanotis having fragrant waxy flowers

Vincetoxicum, genus Vincetoxicum

genus of chiefly tropical American vines having cordate leaves and large purple or greenish cymose flowers; supposedly having powers as an antidote

negro vine, Vincetoxicum hirsutum, Vincetoxicum negrum

twining vine with hairy foliage and dark purplish-brown flowers

tree of knowledge

the biblical tree in the Garden of Eden whose forbidden fruit was tasted by Adam and Eve

anemophilous

(of flowering plants; especially grasses etc) pollinated by the wind

entomophilous

(of flowering plants; especially orchids etc) pollinated by insects

grass-covered

covered with grass; "wide grass-covered plains as far as the eye could see"

grassy

abounding in grass

sedgy

covered with sedges (grasslike marsh plants)

grassless

lacking grass

pappose

(of plants such as dandelions and thistles) having pappi or tufts of featherlike hairs or delicate bristles

awned, awny

having awns i.e. bristle- or hair-like appendages on the flowering parts of some cereals and grasses; "awned wheatgrass"

blooming

in bloom; "a field carpeted with blooming violets"

flowery, bloomy, blossomy

abounding in or covered with flowers; "flowering meadows"; "a flowery field"; "a bloomy sunlit slope"

complete

(botany) having all four whorls or principal parts--sepals and petals and stamens and carpels (or pistils); "complete flowers"

incomplete

(botany) lacking one or more of the four whorls of the complete flower--sepals or petals or stamens or pistils; "an incomplete flower"

mop-headed

(of trees) having a bushy top without a leader; "mop-headed cabbage palms"

comate, comose

(botany) bearing a coma; crowned with an assemblage of branches or leaves or bracts; "comate royal palms"; "pineapples are comate"

dehiscent

(of e.g. fruits and anthers) opening spontaneously at maturity to release seeds

indehiscent

(of e.g. fruits) not opening spontaneously at maturity to release seeds

cymose

(botany) having a usually flat-topped flower cluster in which the main and branch stems each end in a flower that opens before those below it or to its side

racemose

(botany) having stalked flowers along an elongated stem that continue to open in succession from below as the stem continues to grow; "lilies of the valley are racemose"

monocotyledonous

(of a flowering plant) having a single cotyledon in the seed as in grasses and lilies

dicotyledonous

(of a flowering plant) having two cotyledons in the seed

self-fertilized, self-pollinated

fertilized by its own pollen

endogamic

fertilized by pollen from another flower of the same plant

coniferous, cone-bearing

of or relating to or part of trees or shrubs bearing cones and evergreen leaves

evergreen

bearing foliage throughout the year

deciduous

shedding foliage at the end of the growing season

broadleaf, broad-leafed, broad-leaved

having relatively broad rather than needle-like or scale-like leaves

felled, downed

made to fall (as by striking or cutting or shooting or by illness or exhaustion); "the felled boxer lay stretched on the canvas"; "felled trees covered the hillside"; "the downed oxen lay panting in the heat"; "a downed deer"

unfelled

(of trees) not cut down; "unfelled trees"

cut, cut down, down

cut down; "the tree is down"

hewn

cut down with an ax; "a hewn oak"

standing, uncut

not cut down; "standing timber"; "uncut trees"

aged, cured

(used of tobacco) aging as a preservative process (`aged' is pronounced as one syllable)

cured

(used of hay e.g.) allowed to dry

berried, baccate, bacciferous

producing or bearing berries

acarpous

producing no fruit

fastigiate

(botany) having clusters of erect branches (often appearing to form a single column)

cernuous, drooping, nodding, pendulous

(biology) having branches or flower heads that bend downward; "nodding daffodils"; "the pendulous branches of a weeping willow"; "lilacs with drooping panicles of fragrant flowers"

abloom, efflorescent, flowering

bursting into flower; "flowering spring trees"

headed

of leafy vegetables; having formed into a head; "headed cabbages"

fruiting

capable of bearing fruit

overblown

past the stage of full bloom; "overblown roses"

hermaphroditic

of or relating to monoclinous plants

monoclinous

(botany) having pistils and stamens in the same flower

diclinous

(botany) having pistils and stamens in separate flowers

amaranthine, unfading

of an imaginary flower that never fades

ivied, ivy-covered

overgrown with ivy; "Harvard's ivied buildings"

scapose

(botany) having a leafless flower stalk growing directly from the ground; "tulips are scapose flowers"; "a scapose stalk"

gamopetalous

having a corolla composed of partially or wholly fused petals forming a tubular or or funnel-shaped corolla

petalous, petaled, petalled

of flowers; having petals

polypetalous

having a corolla composed of many separated or distinct petals

apetalous, petalless

of flowers; having no petals

double

(botany; of flowers) having more than the usual number of petals in crowded or overlapping arrangements; "double chrysanthemums have many rows of petals and are usually spherical or hemispherical"

single

(botany; of flowers) having usually only one row or whorl of petals; "single chrysanthemums resemble daisies and may have more than one row of petals"

sprouted

(of growing vegetation) having just emerged from the ground; "the corn is sprouted"

wooded

covered with growing trees and bushes etc; "wooded land"; "a heavily wooded tract"

bosky, brushy

covered with or consisting of bushes or thickets; "brushy undergrowth"; "`bosky' is a literary term"; "a bosky park leading to a modest yet majestic plaza"- Jack Beatty

arboraceous, arboreous, woodsy, woody

abounding in trees; "an arboreous landscape"; "violets in woodsy shady spots"; "a woody area near the highway"

forested

covered with forest; "efforts to protect forested lands of the northwest"

sylvan, silvan

relating to or characteristic of wooded regions; "a shady sylvan glade"

timbered

covered with growing timber; "thickly timbered ridges clothed with loblolly pine and holly"; "hills timbered up to their summits"

apocynaceous

of or relating to tropical plants of the family Apocynaceae

arborical, arboreal, arborary, arborous

of or relating to or formed by trees; "an arborous roof"

aroid, araceous

(botany) relating to a plant of the family Araceae

arundinaceous

of or relating to or resembling reed-like plants of the genus Arundinaria

asclepiadaceous

(botany) of or relating to plants of the milkweed family

betulaceous

of or pertaining to or characteristic of trees of the birch family

caryophyllaceous

of or pertaining to plants of the family Caryophyllaceae

foliate, foliated

(architecture) ornamented with foliage or foils; "foliate tracery"; "a foliated capital"

geophytic

of or relating to geophytes

oleaceous

of or pertaining to or characteristic of trees or shrubs of the olive family

solanaceous

of or relating to plants of the family Solanaceae (the potato family)

floral

relating to or associated with flowers; "floral organs"

herbal

of or relating to herbs; "herbal tea, herbal medicine"

cruciferous

(botany) of or relating to or belonging to the plant family Cruciferae

shrubby, fruticose, fruticulose

of or relating to or resembling a shrub

citrus, citrous

of or relating to plants of the genus Citrus; "a citrous disease"

citrus, citrous

of or relating to or producing fruit of the plants of the genus Citrus; "the citrus production of Florida"

daisylike

resembling a daisy

leguminious

of or resembling the legumes; "leguminious plants"

unforested (opposite)

not covered with forest; "unforested lands"

unwooded, treeless (opposite)

not wooded

untimbered (opposite)

without trees; "an untimbered area"